Interrogation, Confession, and Truth: Comparative Studies in Criminal Procedure

Prof. Dr. Lutz Eidam LL.M.; Prof. Dr. Michael Lindemann; Prof. Dr. Andreas Ransiek LL.M. (Berkeley)

doi:10.5771/9783748904380

Summary

Die Vernehmung ermöglicht es dem Beschuldigten, rechtlich gehört zu werden. Er darf aber die Mitwirkung an der Aufklärung der Tat ablehnen und seine Aussage verweigern, was sowohl in Europa als auch den USA als Ausfluss des Rechts angesehen wird, sich nicht selbst belasten zu müssen. Aus Sicht der Strafverfolgungsbehörden ist es das Ziel, zumindest eine Aussage und andere für die Aufklärung der Tat relevante Informationen zu erhalten, um den tatsächlich Schuldigen bestrafen zu können. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes beschäftigten sich aus rechtvergleichender Perspektive mit diesem Spannungsverhältnis. Wie weit geht der Schutz des Rechts, sich nicht selbst belasten zu müssen? Welche Mittel dürfen jenseits des Verbots körperlichen Zwangs eingesetzt werden, um den Beschuldigten dazu zu bewegen, eine Aussage zu machen? Wie sind die Risiken falscher Geständnisse einzuschätzen? Wissenschaftler aus den USA, den Niederlanden und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland versuchen, Antworten zu geben. Mit Beiträgen vonJan H. Crijns, Universiteit Leiden; Marieke Dubelaar, Radboud Universiteit; Lutz Eidam, Universität Bielefeld; Robert Horselenberg, Universiteit Maastricht; Richard A. Leo, University of San Francisco School of Law; Anthony O’Rourke, University of Buffalo School of Law; Andreas Ransiek, Universität Bielefeld; Christopher Slobgin, Vanderbilt University School of Law; Dave van Toor, Universiteit Heerlen/Universität Bielefeld; Thomas Weigend, Universität zu Köln.

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Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2020
Copyright Year: 2020
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-6330-6
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-0438-0
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Schriften zum Internationalen und Europäischen Strafrecht
Volume: 43
Language: English
Pages: 214
Product Type: Edited Book

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 10
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1. I. Why Should the Suspect Serve as a Source of Information? No access
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2. II. A Brief Journey to the Past No access
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3. III. The Role of the Suspect before Trial No access
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  1. 1. Presumption of Innocence No access
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  2. 2. Privilege against Self-Incrimination No access
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  1. 1. Non-Controversial Consequences No access
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    1. a) Suspects and Non-Suspects No access
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    2. b) Interrogation No access
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  3. 3. Exclusion of Illegally Obtained Evidence No access
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6. VI. Concluding Remarks No access
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  1. 1. Litigating the Exclusionary Rule No access
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  2. 2. Punishing Litigation of the Exclusionary Rule No access
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2. II. Pretrial Self-Incrimination and the Constitutional Status of Miranda No access
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  1. 1. Miranda’s Truth-Seeking Function No access
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  2. 2. The Questionable Accuracy of Pretrial Obstruction Punishment No access
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1. I. Introduction – making sense of „Comparative Criminal Law“ No access
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2. II. „Nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare“ – some basics No access
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  1. 1. § 133 StPO – Summons / Citation to appear without giving details about the Criminal Investigation No access
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  2. 2. § 133 StPO – Summons / Citation of a suspect that chose to remain silent No access
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  3. 3. Medical Examination – Case (BGH NStZ 2019, 36) No access
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  4. 4. The “Proberichter” – Case (BGH NJW 2019, 789) No access
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  5. 5. Actual Policy: § 163g StPO-E No access
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4. IV. Conclusion No access
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  1. 1. Trickery and True Confessions No access
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  2. 2. Trickery and False Confessions No access
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  3. 3. Detection of False Confessions No access
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2. II. Does Trickery Impermissibly Undermine Dignity? No access
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  1. 1. Manipulative Techniques That Are Impermissibly Coercive No access
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  2. 2. Manipulative Techniques That Are Not Impermissibly Coercive No access
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  3. 3. The Rights Predicate and State Action No access
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  4. 4. Summary No access
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4. IV. Is Trickery Illegitimately Fraudulent? No access
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5. V. Conclusion No access
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1. I. Introduction No access
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2. II. Setting the stage: Introduction of the Mr. Big method No access
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  1. 1. The misclassification error No access
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    1. a) Confrontation with (false) evidence during the interrogation No access
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    2. b) The use of violence No access
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    3. c) The use of psychological coercion No access
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  3. 3. The contamination error No access
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  4. 4. Content analysis of the confession No access
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    1. a) Suggestibility No access
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    2. b) Compliance No access
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  6. 6. Conclusion No access
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    1. a) Reliability of the statement No access
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    2. b) Autonomy No access
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    3. c) Dignity No access
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    4. d) Conclusion No access
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5. V. General conclusion No access
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1. 1. Introduction No access
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2. 2. Interrogation of the suspect or accused in Dutch criminal justice No access
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3. 3. Origins and rationale of the right to silence No access
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4. 4. Exploring the scope of the right to silence in the Netherlands No access
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  1. 5.1 Use of trickery No access
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  2. 5.2 The ‘Mr. Big’ technique No access
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  3. 5.3 Adverse inferences No access
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  4. 5.4 Evidentiary presumptions No access
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6. 6. Conclusion No access
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  1. 1. German Police Manuals on Interrogation No access
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  2. 2. Police Interrogations Techniques before the Federal Criminal Court No access
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  1. 1. Statutory and Constitutional Law No access
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    1. a) Unlawful Promises and Threats No access
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    2. b) Deception and Trickery No access
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    3. c) Severe Infringements of Free Will No access
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  1. 1. Truth: Interpretation of Events No access
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  2. 2. The Reality of False Confessions No access
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  1. 1. Videotaping the Interrogation No access
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  2. 2. Presence of Defense Counsel No access
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5. V. Conclusion No access
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6. References No access
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7. Abbreviations No access
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1. I. Introduction No access
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2. II. The Structural Logic of Police Deception During American Interrogation No access
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  1. (A) Simple Evidence Ploys No access
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  2. (B) Orchestrated Evidence Ploys No access
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4. IV. Minimization and Maximization Interrogation Techniques No access
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5. V. Conclusion No access
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6. References No access
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Report on the Comparative Conference on Criminal Procedure at Bielefeld University, Interrogation, Confession, and Truth, 21 – 22 May 2019 No access Pages 209 - 214
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