Cover of book: European Consensus between Strategy and Principle
Book Titles Open Access Full access

European Consensus between Strategy and Principle

The Uses of Vertically Comparative Legal Reasoning in Regional Human Rights Adjudication
Authors:
Publisher:
 2021

Summary

This study offers a critical account of the reasoning employed by the European Court of Human Rights, particularly its references to European consensus. Based on an in-depth analysis of the Court’s case-law against the backdrop of human rights theory, it will be of interest to both practitioners and theorists.

While European consensus is often understood as providing an objective benchmark within the Court’s reasoning, this study argues to the contrary that it forms part of the very structures of argument that render human rights law indeterminate. It suggests that foregrounding consensus and the Court’s legitimacy serves to entrench the status quo and puts forward novel ways of approaching human rights to enable social transformation.

Keywords

Bibliographic data

Edition
1/2021
Copyright year
2021
ISBN-Print
978-3-8487-8091-4
ISBN-Online
978-3-7489-2509-5
Publisher
Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series
Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht
Volume
303
Language
English
Pages
497
Product type
Book Titles

Table of contents

ChapterPages
  1. Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 - 14
    Download chapter (PDF)
  2. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Human Rights Adjudication: High Stakes and Little Guidance
    2. II. Introducing European Consensus
    3. III. Key Characteristics of European Consensus
      1. 1. Different Perspectives on Consensus: Structuralist Methodology
      2. 2. Human Rights between Apology and Utopia
      3. 3. Morality-focussed and Ethos-focussed Perspectives
      4. 4. Strategic Considerations and Consensus as Legitimacy-Enhancement
      5. 5. The Indeterminacy of Processes of Justification
    5. V. Outline of the Following Chapters
  3. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
      1. 1. Minority Rights and the Tyranny of the Majority
      2. 2. Regional Human Rights Law and Distrust of States
      3. 3. The Is-Ought Distinction and Strict Normativity
    3. III. Ambivalent Morality-focussed Perspectives on the Spur Effect
    4. IV. Interim Reflections: Tackling Prejudice
  4. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
    2. II. Against the Morality-focussed Perspective: Differing Epistemologies
    3. III. National Ethe: From Traditions to Democratic Procedures
      1. 1. Lack of Regional Democracy and Human Rights as a Cooperative Venture
      2. 2. The Democratic Credentials of European Consensus
      3. 3. From National Ethe to a Pan-European Ethos
      4. 4. Implications of Harmonisation: Human Rights and European Integration
    5. V. Interim Reflections: Vestiges of Homogeneity
  5. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
      1. 1. European Consensus as Collective Wisdom
      2. 2. The Spur Effect and the Similarity Condition
      3. 3. The Rein Effect and Bias Across States
      1. 1. Persistent Tensions Due to Differing Epistemologies and Idealisations
      2. 2. From Tensions to Oscillation: The Example of Core Rights
      3. 3. Instrumental Allegiances
    4. IV. Interim Reflections: Against Naturalisation
  6. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
    2. II. Consensus as Reasonable Agreement: But What Is Reasonable?
      1. 1. The Conventional Account: Asymmetry in Favour of the Rein Effect
      2. 2. The Ethos-focussed Perspective versus Consensus-Agnostic Middle Ground
      3. 3. The Ethos-focussed Perspective versus the Epistemic Approach
    4. IV. Morality-focussed Elements: Trends and Directionality
    5. V. Interim Reflections: Statistical and Ideal Majorities
  7. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
    2. II. European Consensus and Systemic Integration
    3. III. Ethos-focussed and Morality-focussed Perspectives on International Law
      1. 1. Taxonomies of International Law References
      2. 2. Law of the European Union
      3. 3. Council of Europe Materials
      4. 4. Global International Law
      5. 5. Soft Law
      6. 6. Non-Representative Documents
    5. V. Consensus based on International Law versus Consensus based on Domestic Law
    6. VI. Interim Reflections: International Law as Grounded Yet Aspirational
  8. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
    2. II. Levels of Generality in the Court’s Use of European Consensus
      1. 1. Different Constellations within Triangular Tensions
      2. 2. Shifting Levels of Generality as a Search for Reflective Equilibrium
    4. IV. Interim Reflections: Beyond the Goldilocks Level of Generality
  9. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
    2. II. Autonomous Concepts
      1. 1. Two Concepts of the Margin of Appreciation – and of Consensus?
      2. 2. Contextualising the Rein Effect
      3. 3. Contextualising the Spur Effect
    4. IV. Interim Reflections: Instable Oscillations and Doctrinal Connotations
  10. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
      1. 1. Investing Sociological Legitimacy with Normativity
      2. 2. The Background Assumption: Overcoming a “Legitimacy Crisis”
      3. 3. The States Parties as Agents of Legitimacy
      4. 4. European Consensus as the Basis of Incremental Development
      5. 5. The Court as the Object of Legitimacy: Strategic Implications
    3. III. The Practical Limitations of Consensus as Legitimacy-Enhancement
    4. IV. Interim Reflections: Abstract Strategizing
  11. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Introduction
    2. II. Non-Ideal Theory: The Dilemma of Strategic Concessions
      1. 1. Different Perspectives on Consensus within Non-Ideal Theory
      2. 2. Consensus and an Impression of Objectivity
      3. 3. The Normalisation of a Strategic Approach to Consensus
    4. IV. Interim Reflections: Rethinking the Role of the Court
  12. Download chapter (PDF)
    1. I. Pulling Together the Threads: Beyond Consensus as Compromise
    2. II. Indeterminacy and the Motivation for Critique
    3. III. The Role of Human Rights Courts
      1. 1. The Indeterminacy Thesis in the Judicial Context
      2. 2. European Consensus and the Perpetuation of Current Power Structures
      3. 3. A More Openly Political Court?
      4. 4. Vertically Comparative Law as a Reflective Disruption of Equilibrium
    5. V. Outlook: Future Articulations of Human Rights
  13. Table of Cases 450 - 460
    Download chapter (PDF)
  14. Bibliography 461 - 497
    Download chapter (PDF)

Bibliography (592)

  1. Pascual-Vives, Francisco. Consensus-Based Interpretation of Regional Human Rights Treaties. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  2. Peat, Daniel. Comparative Reasoning in International Courts and Tribunals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  3. Peroni, Lourdes. “Challenging Culturally Dominant Conceptions in Human Rights Law: The Cases of Property and Family.” Human Rights and International Legal Discourse 4, no. 2 (2010): 241-264. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  4. Peroni, Lourdes. “Religion and Culture in the Discourse of the European Court of Human Rights: The Risks of Stereotyping and Naturalising.” International Journal of Law in Context 10, no. 2 (2014): 195-221. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  5. Peroni, Lourdes, and Alexandra Timmer. “Vulnerable Groups: The Promise of an Emerging Concept in European Human Rights Convention Law.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 11, no. 4 (2013): 1056-1085. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  6. Perrone, Roberto. “Public Morals and the European Convention on Human Rights.” Israel Law Review 47 (2014): 361-378. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  7. Peters, Birgit. “The Rule of Law Dimensions of Dialogues Between National Courts and Strasbourg.” In The Rule of Law at the National and International Levels. Contestations and Deference, edited by Machiko Kanetake and André Nollkaemper, 201-225. Oxford and Portland: Hart, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  8. Petkova, Bilyana. “The Notion of Consensus as a Route to Democratic Adjudication.” Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 14 (2011-2012): 663-695. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  9. Pildes, Richard H. “Supranational Courts and The Law of Democracy: The European Court of Human Rights.” Journal of International Dispute Settlement 9 (2018): 154-179. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  10. Pinto de Albuquerque, Paulo. “Plaidoyer for the European Court of Human Rights.” European Human Rights Law Review, no. 2 (2018): 119-133. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  11. Pitea, Cesare. “Interpretation and Application of the European Convention on Human Right[s] in the Broader Context of International Law: Myth or Reality?”. In Human Rights and Civil Liberties in the 21st Century, edited by Yves Haeck and Eva Brems, 1-14. Dordrecht: Springer, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  12. Polakiewicz, Jörg. “Alternatives to Treaty-Making and Law-Making by Treaty and Expert Bodies in the Council of Europe.” In Developments of International Law in Treaty Making, edited by Rüdiger Wolfrum and Volker Röben, 245-290. Heidelberg et al.: Springer, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  13. Polakiewicz, Jörg, and Irene Suominen-Picht. “Aktuelle Herausforderungen für Europarat und EMRK: Die Erklärung von Kopenhagen (April 2018), das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen EMRK und nationalen Verfassungen und die Beteiligung der EU an dem europäischen Menschenrechtskontrollmechanismus.” Europäische Grundrechte-Zeitschrift (2018): 383-390. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  14. Popelier, Patricia. “Legitimate Expectations and the Law Maker in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights.” European Human Rights Law Review, no. 1 (2006): 10-24. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  15. Popelier, Patricia, and Catherine Van de Heyning. “Procedural Rationality: Giving Teeth to the Proportionality Analysis.” European Constitutional Law Review 9 (2013): 230-262. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  16. Posner, Eric A., and Cass R. Sunstein. “The Law of Other States.” Stanford Law Review 59 (2006): 131-179. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  17. Posner, Eric A., and John C. Yoo. “Judicial Independence in International Tribunals.” California Law Review 93 (2005): 1-74. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  18. Posner, Richard A. “The Supreme Court 2004 Term. Foreword: A Political Court.” Harvard Law Review 119 (2005): 32-102. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  19. Rachovitsa, Adamantia. “Fragmentation of International Law Revisited: Insights, Good Practices, and Lessons to be Learned from the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights.” Leiden Journal of International Law 28 (2015): 863-885. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  20. Rachovitsa, Adamantia. “The Principle of Systemic Integration in Human Rights Law.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 66 (2017): 557-588. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  21. Radačić, Ivana. “The Margin of Appreciation, Consensus, Morality and the Rights of the Vulnerable Groups.” Zb. Prav. fak. Rij. 31 (2010): 599-616. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  22. Rajagopal, Balakrishnan. “International Law and Social Movements: Challenges of Theorizing Resistance.” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 41 (2003): 397-433. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  23. Rajagopal, Balakrishnan. International Law from Below. Development, Social Movements and Third World Resistance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  24. Dde la Rasilla del Moral, Ignacio. “The Increasingly Marginal Appreciation of the Margin-of-Appreciation Doctrine.” German Law Journal 7 (2006): 611-624. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  25. Rawls, John. “The Independence of Moral Theory.” In John Rawls: Collected Papers, edited by Samuel Freeman, 286-302. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  26. Rawls, John. Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  27. Rawls, John. The Law of Peoples. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  28. Rawls, John. “Outline of a Decision Procedure for Ethics.” In John Rawls: Collected Papers, edited by Samuel Freeman, 1-19. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  29. Rawls, John. Political Liberalism: Expanded Edition. New York: Columbia University Press, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  30. Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice: Revised Edition. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999. 1971. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  31. Raz, Joseph. “The Claims of Reflective Equilibrium.” Inquiry 25 (1982): 307-330. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  32. Raz, Joseph. “On the Authority and Interpretation of Cosntitutions: Some Preliminaries.” In Constitutionalism: Philosophical Foundations, edited by Larry Alexander. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  33. Rees, Madeleine, and Christine Chinkin. “Exposing the Gendered Myth of Post Conflict Transition: The Transformative Power of Economic and Social Rights.” New York University Journal of International Law and Politics 48 (2016): 1211-1226. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  34. Regan, Daniel. “‘European Consensus’: A Worthy Endeavour for the European Court of Human Rights?”. Trinity College Law Review 14 (2011): 51-76. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  35. Rietiker, Daniel. “The Principle of ‘Effectiveness’ in the Recent Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights: Its Different Dimensions and Its Consistency with Public International Law - No Need for the Concept of Treaty Sui Generis.” Nordic Journal of International Law 79 (2010): 245-277. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  36. Roberts, Anthea, Paul B. Stephan, Pierre-Hugues Verdier, and Mila Versteeg. “Comparative International Law: Framing the Field.” American Journal of International Law 109 (2015): 467-474. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  37. Robinson, William I. Promoting Polyarchy: Globalization, US Intervention and Hegemony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  38. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. The Social Contract. Translated by G.D.H. Cole. Milton Keynes: Jiahu Books, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  39. Rozakis, Christos L. “The Accession of the EU to the ECHR and the Charter of Fundamental Rights: Enlarging the Field of Protection of Human Rights in Europe.” In The EU Accession to the ECHR, edited by Vasiliki Kosta, Nikos Skoutaris and Vassilis P. Tzevelekos, 327-331. Oxford and Portland: Hart, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  40. Rozakis, Christos L. “The European Judge as Comparatist.” Tulane Law Review 80 (2005): 257-279. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  41. Rozakis, Christos L. “Through the Looking Glass: An “Insider”’s View of the Margin of Appreciation.” In La conscience des droits: Mélanges en l’honneur de Jean-Paul Costa, 527-537. Paris: Dalloz, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  42. Rudolf, Beate. “European Court of Human Rights: Legal status of postoperative transsexuals.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 1 (2003): 716-721. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  43. Ryan, Clare. “Europe’s Moral Margin: Parental Aspirations and the European Court of Human Rights.” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 56 (2018): 467-529. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  44. Sadurski, Wojciech. Constitutionalism and the Enlargement of Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  45. Said, Edward W. Orientalism. London: Penguin Books, 2003. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  46. Sandholtz, Wayne. “Expanding Rights: Norm Innovation in the European and Inter-American Courts.” In Expanding Human Rights. 21st Century Norms and Governance, edited by Alison Brysk and Michael Stohl, 156-176. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  47. Sandland, Ralph. “Crossing and Not Crossing: Gender, Sexuality and Melancholy in the European Court of Human Rights.” Feminist Legal Studies 11 (2003): 191-209. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  48. Saul, Matthew. “The European Court of Human Rights’ Margin of Appreciation and the Processes of National Parliaments.” Human Rights Law Review 15 (2015): 745-774. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  49. Scalia, Antonin. “Keynote Address: Foreign Legal Authority in the Federal Courts.” Proceedings of the American Society of International Law 98 (2004): 305-310. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  50. Scanlon, T.M. “Rawls on Justification.” In The Cambridge Companion to Rawls, edited by Samuel Freeman, 139-167. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  51. Scanlon, T.M. What We Owe to Each Other. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1998. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  52. Schaffer, Johan Karlsson, Andreas Føllesdal, and Geir Ulfstein. “International Human Rights and the Challenge of Legitimacy.” In The Legitimacy of International Human Rights Regimes, edited by Andreas Føllesdal, Johan Karlsson Schaffer and Geir Ulfstein, 1-31. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  53. Schlag, Pierre. “‘Le hors de texte, c’est moi’ - The Politics of Form and the Domestication of Deconstruction.” Cardozo Law Review 11 (1990): 1631-1674. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  54. Schliesky, Utz. Souveränität und Legitimität von Herrschaftsgewalt. Die Weiterentwicklung von Begriffen der Staatslehre und des Staatsrechts im europäischen Mehrebenensystem. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2004. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  55. Schlüter, Alix. “Beweisrechtliche Implikationen der margin of appreciation-Doktrin.” Archiv des Völkerrechts 54 (2016): 41-66. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  56. Schmitt, Carl. Der Begriff des Politischen. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  57. Schwöbel-Patel, Christine. “Populism, International Law and the End of Keep Calm and Carry on Lawyering.” Netherlands Yearbook of International Law (2018): 97-121. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  58. Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. “Paranoid Reading and Reparative Reading, or, You’re So Paranoid, You Probably Think This Essay Is About You.” In Touching Feeling: Affect, Pedagogy, Performativity, 123-151. Durham: Duke University Press, 2002. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  59. Seibert-Fohr, Anja. “The Effect of Subsequent Practice on the European Convention on Human Rights: Considerations from a General International Law Perspective.” In The European Convention on Human Rights and General International Law, edited by Anne van Aaken and Iulia Motoc, 61-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  60. Sen, Amartya. “Elements of a Theory of Human Rights.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 32 (2004): 315-356. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  61. Sen, Amartya. The Idea of Justice. London: Penguin Books, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  62. Senden, Hanneke. Interpretation of Fundamental Rights in a Multilevel Legal System. Cambridge: Intersentia, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  63. Seyr, Sibylle. “Verfassungsgerichte und Verfassungsvergleichung. Der EuGH.” Journal für Rechtspolitik 18 (2010): 230-239. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  64. Shahid, Masuma. “The Right to Same-Sex Marriage: Assessing the European Court of Human Rights’ Consensus-Based Analysis in Recent Judgments Concerning Equal Marriage Rights.” Erasmus Law Review, no. 3 (2017): 184-198. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  65. Shany, Yuval. “All Roads Lead to Strasbourg?: Application of the Margin of Appreciation Doctrine by the European Court of Human Rights and the UN Human Rights Committee.” Journal of International Dispute Settlement 9 (2018): 180-198. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  66. Shany, Yuval. “Assessing the Effectiveness of International Courts: A Goal-Based Approach.” American Journal of International Law 106 (2012): 225-270. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  67. Shany, Yuval. “Toward a General Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in International Law?”. European Journal of International Law 16 (2006): 907-940. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  68. Shelton, Dinah. “The Boundaries of Human Rights Jurisdiction in Europe.” Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law 13 (2003): 95-153. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  69. Siedentop, Larry. Inventing the Individual. The Origins of Western Liberalism. London: Penguin, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  70. Simmons, A. John. “Ideal and Nonideal Theory.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 38 (2010): 5-36. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  71. Simmons, Beth A. Mobilizing for Human Rights. International Law in Domestic Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  72. Simpson, Gerry. “Imagination.” In Concepts for International Law. Contributions to Disciplinary Thought, edited by Jean d’Aspremont and Sahib Singh, 413-421. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  73. Singer, Peter. “Sidgwick and Reflective Equilibrium.” The Monist 58 (1974): 490-517. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  74. Singh, Sahib. “Koskenniemi’s Images of the International Lawyer.” Leiden Journal of International Law 29 (2016): 699-726. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  75. Skouteris, Thomas. “Fin de NAIL: New Approaches to International Law and its Impact on Contemporary International Legal Scholarship.” Leiden Journal of International Law 10, no. 3 (1997): 415-420. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  76. Slaughter, Anne-Marie. “A Typology of Transnational Communication.” University of Richmond Law Review 29 (1994): 99-137. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  77. Soley, Ximena, and Silvia Steininger. “Parting Ways or Lashing Back? Withdrawals, Backlash and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.” International Journal of Law in Context 14 (2018): 237-257. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  78. Spade, Dean. “Documenting Gender.” Hastings Law Journal 59 (2008): 731-842. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  79. Spano, Robert. “Universality or Diversity of Human Rights? Strasbourg in the Age of Subsidiarity.” Human Rights Law Review 14 (2014): 487-502. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  80. Spiekermann, Kai, and Robert E. Goodin. “Courts of Many Minds.” British Journal of Political Science 42 (2011): 555-571. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  81. Spielmann, Dean. “Allowing the Right Margin: The European Court of Human Rights and the National Margin of Appreciation Doctrine. Waiver or Subsidiarity of European Review?”. Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 14 (2012): 381-418. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  82. Spielmann, Dean. "The European Court of Human Rights: Master of the Law but not of the Facts?" In Speech to the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  83. Spielmann, Dean. “Whither the Margin of Appreciation?”. Current Legal Problems 67 (2014): 49-65. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  84. Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. In Other Worlds. Essays in Cultural Politics. Abingdon: Routledge, 1998. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  85. Steiner, Henry, and Philip Alston. International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, and Morals. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  86. Stone Sweet, Alec, and Thomas L. Brunell. “Trustee Courts and the Judicialization of International Regimes: The Politics of Majoritarian Activism in the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Union, and the World Trade Organization.” Journal of Law and Courts 1 (2013): 61-88. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  87. Sweeney, James A. “A ‘Margin of Appreciation’ in the Internal Market: Lessons from the European Court of Human Rights.” Legal Issues of Economic Integration 34 (2007): 27-52. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  88. Tedeschini, Michele. “The Politics of International Lawyers: Whose Legacy Is at Stake? Reflections on Martti Koskenniemi’s Series on ‘The Politics of International Law’.” Critical Legal Thinking, 2019. Available at <http://criticallegalthinking.com/2019/07/15/politics-of-international-lawyers-whose-legacy-is-at-stake-martti-koskenniemihttp://criticallegalthinking.com/2019/07/15/politics-of-international-lawyers-whose-legacy-is-at-stake-martti-koskenniemi/>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  89. Theilen, Jens T. “Beyond the Gender Binary: Rethinking the Right to Legal Gender Recognition.” European Human Rights Law Review, no. 3 (2018): 249-257. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  90. Theilen, Jens T. “Depathologisation of Transgenderism and International Human Rights Law.” Human Rights Law Review 14 (2014): 327-342. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  91. Theilen, Jens T. “The Inflation of Human Rights: A Deconstruction.” Leiden Journal of International Law 34 (2021): forthcoming. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  92. Theilen, Jens T. “Levels of Generality in the Comparative Reasoning of the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice: Towards Judicial Reflective Equilibrium.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus: Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 392-420. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  93. Theilen, Jens T. “The Long Road to Recognition: Transgender Rights and Transgender Reality in Europe.” In Transsexualität in Theologie und Neurowissenschaften. Ergebnisse, Kontroversen, Perspektiven, edited by Gerhard Schreiber, 373-390. Berlin, Boston: de Gruyter, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  94. Theilen, Jens T. “Of Wonder and Changing the World: Philip Allott’s Legal Utopianism.” German Yearbook of International Law 60 (2017): 337-367. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  95. Theilen, Jens T. “Pre-existing Rights and Future Articulations: Temporal Rhetoric in the Struggle for Trans Rights.” In Cambridge Handbook of New Human Rights. Recognition, Novelty, Rhetoric, edited by Andreas von Arnauld, Kerstin von der Decken and Mart Susi, 207-214. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  96. Theilen, Jens T. “Towards Acceptance of Religious Pluralism: The Federal Constitutional Court’s Second Judgment on Muslim Teachers Wearing Headscarves.” German Yearbook of International Law 58 (2015): 503-520. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  97. Theilen, Jens T., Isabelle Hassfurther, and Wiebke Staff. “Towards Utopia - Rethinking International Law.” German Yearbook of International Law 60 (2017): 315-335. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  98. Thienel, Tobias. “The Burden and Standard of Proof in the European Court of Human Rights.” German Yearbook of International Law 50 (2007): 543-588. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  99. Timmer, Alexandra. “Toward an Anti-Stereotyping Approach for the European Court of Human Rights.” Human Rights Law Review 11, no. 4 (2011): 707-738. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  100. Dde Tocqueville, Alexis. Democracy in America: Historical-Critical Edition of De la démocratie en Amérique. Translated by James T. Schleifer. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  101. Tulkens, Françoise. "Execution and Effects of the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. The Role of the Judiciary." In Dialogue between judges, European Court of Human Rights, 8-14, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  102. Tushnet, Mark. Taking the Constitution Away from the Courts. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  103. Tzevelekos, Vassilis. “The Use of Article 31(3)(C) of the VCLT in the Case Law of the ECtHR: An Effective Anti-Fragmentation Tool or a Selective Loophole for the Reinforcement of Human Rights Teleology?”. Michigan Journal of International Law 31 (2010): 621-690. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  104. Tzevelekos, Vassilis, and Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou. “International Custom Making and the ECtHR’s European Consensus Method of Interpretation.” European Yearbook on Human Rights (2016): 313-343. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  105. Tzevelekos, Vassilis, and Panos Kapotas. “Book review of Dzehtsiarou, ‘European Consensus’.” Common Market Law Review 53 (2016): 1145-1148. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  106. Tzouvala, Ntina. Capitalism as Civilisation. A History of International Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  107. Tzouvala, Ntina. “New Approaches to International Law: The History of a Project.” European Journal of International Law 27, no. 1 (2016): 215-233. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  108. Ulfstein, Geir. “Evolutive Interpretation in the Light of Other International Instruments: Law and Legitimacy.” In The European Convention on Human Rights and General International Law, edited by Anne van Aaken and Iulia Motoc, 83-94. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  109. Vvon Ungern-Sternberg, Antje. “Anmerkung zu S.A.S. ./. Frankreich - Burkaverbot.” MenschenrechtsMagazin (2015): 61-63. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  110. Vvon Ungern-Sternberg, Antje. “Die Konsensmethode des EGMR. Eine kritische Bewertung mit Blick auf das völkerrechtliche Konsens- und das innerstaatliche Demokratieprinzip.” Archiv des Völkerrechts 51 (2013): 312-338. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  111. Valentine, David. Imagining Transgender. An Ethnography of a Category. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2007. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  112. Van Drooghenbroeck, Sébastien. La Proportionnalité dans le Droit de la Convention Européenne des Droits de l’Homme. Bruxelles: Bruylant, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  113. Větrovský, Jaroslav. “Determining the Content of the European Consenus Concept: The Hidden Role of Language.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 120-140. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  114. Vogiatzis, Nikos. “The Relationship Between European Consensus, the Margin of Appreciation and the Legitimacy of the Strasbourg Court.” European Public Law 25, no. 3 (2019): 445-480. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  115. Waldron, Jeremy. “The Core of the Case Against Judicial Review.” Yale Law Journal 115 (2005-2006): 1346-1406. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  116. Waldron, Jeremy. “Democratic Theory and the Public Interest: Condorcet and Rousseau Revisited.” The American Political Science Review 83 (1989): 1322-1328. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  117. Waldron, Jeremy. “Foreign Law and the Modern Ius Gentium.” Harvard Law Review 119 (2005): 129-147. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  118. Waldron, Jeremy. Law and Disagreement. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  119. Waldron, Jeremy. “Rights and Majorities: Rousseau Revisited.” Nomos 32 (1990): 44-75. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  120. Wasserstrom, Richard A. The Judicial Decision. Toward a Theory of Legal Justification. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1961. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  121. Weber, Cynthia. Queer International Relations. Sovereignty, Sexuality and the Will to Knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  122. Weber, Max. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Grundriss der verstehenden Soziologie. 5th ed. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1972. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  123. Weil, Prosper. “Towards Relative Normativity in International Law?”. American Journal of International Law 77 (1983): 413-442. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  124. Weiler, J.H.H. “Does Europe Need a Constitution? Demos, Telos and the German Maastricht Decision.” European Law Journal 1 (1995): 219-258. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  125. Wheatley, Steven. “Minorities under the ECHR and the Construction of a ‘Democratic Society’.” Public Law (2007): 770-792. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  126. Wheatley, Steven. “On the Legitimate Authority of International Human Rights Bodies.” In The Legitimacy of International Human Rights Regimes. Legal, Political and Philosophical Perspectives, edited by Andreas Føllesdal, Johan Karlsson Schaffer and Geir Ulfstein, 84-116. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  127. Wildhaber, Luzius, Arnaldur Hjartarson, and Stephen Donnelly. “No Consensus on Consensus? The Practice of the European Court of Human Rights.” Human Rights Law Journal 33 (2013): 248-263. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  128. Wintemute, Robert. "Consensus Is the Right Approach for the European Court of Human Rights." The Guardian, 12 August 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  129. Wittinger, Michaela. Der Europarat: Die Entwicklung seines Rechts und der “europäischen Verfassungswerte”. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  130. Yildiz, Ezgi. “A Court with Many Faces: Judicial Characters and Modes of Norm Development in the European Court of Human Rights.” European Journal of International Law 31 (2020): 73-99. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  131. Yoshino, Kenji. “Of Stranger Spaces.” In Law and the Stranger, edited by Austin Sarat, Lawrence Douglas and Martha Merrill Umphrey, 211-234. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  132. Yourow, Howard Charles. The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in the Dynamics of the European Human Rights Jurisprudence. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  133. Zemanek, Karl. “Court Generated State Practice?”. Austrian Review of International and European Law 20 (2015): 3-14. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  134. Ziemele, Ineta. “Customary International Law in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights - The Method.” The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 12 (2013): 243-252. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  135. Ziemele, Ineta. “European Consensus and International Law.” In The European Convention on Human Rights and General International Law, edited by Anne van Aaken and Iulia Motoc, 23-40. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  136. Ziyadov, Nazim. “From Justice to Injustice: Lowering the Threshold of European Consensus in Oliari and Others versus Italy.” Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 26, no. 2 (2019): 631-672. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  137. Zoethout, Carla M. “The Dilemma of Constitutional Comparativism.” Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 71 (2011): 787-806. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  138. Zürn, Michael. “Perspektiven des demokratischen Regierens und die Rolle der Politikwissenschaft im 21. Jahrhundert.” Politische Vierteljahresschrift 52 (2011): 603-635. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  139. Zwart, Tom. “More Human Rights Than Court: Why the Legitimacy of the European Court of Human Rights is in Need of Repair and How It Can Be Done.” In The European Court of Human Rights and Its Discontents: Turning Criticism Into Strength, edited by Spyridon Flogaitis, Tom Zwart and Julie Fraser, 71-95. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  140. Zysset, Alain. The ECHR and Human Rights Theory: Reconciling the Moral and Political Conceptions. Abington: Routledge, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  141. Vvan Aaken, Anne, and Iulia Motoc, eds. The European Convention on Human Rights and General International Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  142. Ackerly, Brooke A. Universal Human Rights in a World of Difference. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  143. Adamo, Silvia. “Protecting International Civil Rights in a National Context: Danish Law and Its Discontents.” Nordic Journal of International Law 85 (2016): 119-145. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  144. Agamben, Giorgio. Potentialities. Collected Essays in Philosophy. Translated by Daniel Heller-Roazen. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  145. Ahmed, Sara. Living a Feminist Life. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  146. Ahmed, Sara. The Promise of Happiness. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  147. Ahmed, Sara. Queer Phenomenology. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  148. Ahmed, Sara. “Uses of Use. Diversity, Utility and the University.” 2018. Available at <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avKJ2w1mhnghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avKJ2w1mhng>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  149. Alexy, Robert. Theorie der Grundrechte. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1994. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  150. Alexy, Robert. Theorie der juristischen Argumentation. 7th ed. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  151. Allott, Philip. Eutopia. New Philosophy and New Law for a Troubled World. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  152. Allott, Philip. “The Will to Know and the Will to Power. Theory and Moral Responsibility.” In The Health of Nations. Society and Law beyond the State, 3-35. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  153. Allott, Philip, and others. “Thinking Another World: ‘This Cannot Be How the World Was Meant to Be’.” European Journal of International Law 16 (2005): 255-297. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  154. Alter, Karen J. Establishing the Supremacy of European Law. The Making of an International Rule of Law in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  155. Altwicker, Tilmann, and Oliver Diggelmann. “How is Progress Constructed in International Legal Scholarship?”. European Journal of International Law 25 (2014): 425-444. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  156. Ambrus, Mónika. “Comparative Law Method in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in the Light of the Rule of Law.” Erasmus Law Review 2 (2009): 353-371. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  157. Amos, Merris. “Can European Consensus Encourage Acceptance of the European Convention on Human Rights in the United Kingdom?”. In Building Consensus on European Consensus: Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 258-282. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  158. Amos, Merris. “The Value of the European Court of Human Rights to the United Kingdom.” European Journal of International Law 28 (2017): 763-785. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  159. Anagnostou, Dia, and Alina Mungiu-Pippidi. “Domestic Implementation of Human Rights Judgments in Europe: Legal Infrastructure and Government Effectiveness Matter.” European Journal of International Law 25 (2014): 205-227. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  160. Arai-Takahashi, Yutaka. The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine and the Principle of Proportionality in the Jurisprudence of the ECHR. Antwerp et al.: Intersentia, 2002. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  161. Arai-Takahashi, Yutaka. “The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine: A Theoretical Analysis of Strasbourg’s Variable Geometry.” In Constituting Europe. The European Court of Human Rights in a National, European and Global Context, edited by Andreas Føllesdal, Birgit Peters and Geir Ulfstein, 62-105. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  162. Arnardóttir, Oddný Mjöll. Equality and Non-Discrimination under the European Convention on Human Rights. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 2003. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  163. Arnardóttir, Oddný Mjöll. “The ‘Procedural Turn’ under the European Convention on Human Rights and Presumptions of Convention Compliance.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 15 (2017): 9-35. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  164. Arnardóttir, Oddný Mjöll. “Rethinking the Two Margins of Appreciation.” European Constitutional Law Review 12 (2016): 27-53. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  165. Vvon Arnauld, Andreas. “Rechtsangleichung durch allgemeine Rechtsgrundsätze? - Europäisches Gemeinschaftsrecht und Völkerrecht im Vergleich.” In Rechtsangleichung: Grundlagen, Methoden und Inhalte, edited by Karl Riesenhuber and Kanako Takayama, 247-262. Berlin: de Gruyter, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  166. Vvon Arnauld, Andreas. Rechtssicherheit: Perspektivische Annäherungen an eine “idée directrice” des Rechts. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  167. Vvon Arnauld, Andreas. “Zur Rhetorik der Verhältnismäßigkeit.” In Verhältnismäßigkeit, edited by Matthias Jestaedt and Oliver Lepsius, 276-292. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  168. Vvon Arnauld, Andreas, and Jens T. Theilen. “Rhetoric of Rights: A Topical Perspective on the Functions of Claiming a ‘Human Right to …’.” In Cambridge Handbook of New Human Rights. Recognition, Novelty, Rhetoric, edited by Andreas von Arnauld, Kerstin von der Decken and Mart Susi, 34-49. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  169. Arvan, Marcus. “First Steps Toward a Nonideal Theory of Justice.” Ethics & Global Politics 7 (2014): 95-117. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  170. Dd’Aspremont, Jean. “Martti Koskenniemi, the Mainstream, and Self-Reflectivity.” Leiden Journal of International Law 29 (2016): 625-639. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  171. Dd’Aspremont, Jean. “Softness in International Law: A Self-Serving Quest for New Legal Materials.” European Journal of International Law 19, no. 5 (2008): 1075-1093. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  172. Dd’Aspremont, Jean. “Three international lawyers in a hall of mirrors.” Leiden Journal of International Law 32, no. 3 (2019): 367-381. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  173. Authers, Benjamin, and Hilary Charlesworth. “The Crisis and the Quotidian in International Human Rights Law.” Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 44 (2013): 19-39. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  174. Bakircioglu, Onder. “The Application of the Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in Freedom of Expression and Public Morality Cases.” German Law Journal 8 (2007): 711-734. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  175. Balkin, Jack M. “A Night in the Topics: The Reason of Legal Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of Legal Reason.” In From Law’s Stories: Narrative and Rhetoric in the Law, edited by Peter Brooks and Paul Gewirtz, 211-224. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  176. Barry, Brian. Political Argument. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  177. Bassok, Or. “The European Consensus Doctrine and the ECtHR Quest for Public Confidence.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 236-257. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  178. Bates, Ed. “Activism and Self-Restraint: The Margin of Appreciation’s Strasbourg Career… Its ‘Coming of Age’?”. Human Rights Law Journal 36 (2016): 261-276. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  179. Bates, Ed. “Analysing the Prisoner Voting Saga and the British Challenge to Strasbourg.” Human Rights Law Review 14 (2014): 503-540. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  180. Bates, Ed. “Consensus in the Legitimacy-Building Era of the European Court of Human Rights.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 42-70. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  181. Baxi, Upendra. The Future of Human Rights. 3rd ed. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  182. Beauchamp, Toby. “Artful Concealment and Strategic Visibility: Transgender Bodies and U.S. State Surveillance After 9/11.” Surveillance & Society 6, no. 4 (2009): 356-366. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  183. Beitz, Charles R. The Idea of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  184. Bellamy, Richard. “The Democratic Legitimacy of International Human Rights Conventions: Political Constitutionalism and the European Convention on Human Rights.” European Journal of International Law 25 (2014): 1019-1042. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  185. Bellamy, Richard. “Republicanism, Democracy, and Constitutionalism.” In Republicanism and Political Theory, edited by Cécile Laborde and John Maynor, 159-189. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  186. Ben-Naftali, Orna. “Sentiment, Sense and Sensibility in the Genesis of Utopian Traditions.” European Journal of International Law 23, no. 4 (2012): 1133-1142. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  187. Bengoetxea, Joxerramon, Neil MacCormick, and Leonor Moral Soriano. “Integration and Integrity in the Legal Reasoning of the European Court of Justice.” In The European Court of Justice, edited by Gráinne de Búrca and J.H.H. Weiler, 43-85. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  188. Benhabib, Seyla. “Another Universalism: On the Unity and Diversity of Human Rights.” In Dignity in Adversity: Human Rights in Troubled Times, 57-76. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  189. Benhabib, Seyla. “Introduction: Cosmopolitanism without Illusions.” In Dignity in Adversity: Human Rights in Troubled Times, 1-19. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  190. Benhabib, Seyla. “Is There a Human Right to Democracy? Beyond Interventionism and Indifference.” In Dignity in Adversity: Human Rights in Troubled Times, 77-93. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  191. Bentham, Jeremy. “Nonsense upon Stilts, or Pandora’s Box Opened.” In The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham, edited by Philip Schofield, Catherine Pease-Watkins and Cyprian Blamires. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  192. Benvenisti, Eyal. “Margin of Appreciation, Consensus, and Universal Standards.” New York University Journal of International Law and Politics 31 (1999): 843-854. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  193. Benvenisti, Eyal. “The Margin of Appreciation, Subsidiarity and Global Challenges to Democracy.” Journal of International Dispute Settlement 9 (2018): 240-253. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  194. Besson, Samantha. “The Authority of International Law - Lifting the State Veil.” Sydney Law Review 31 (2009): 343-380. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  195. Besson, Samantha. “The ‘Erga Omnes’ Effect of the European Court of Human Rights.” In The European Court of Human Rights after Protocol 14: Preliminary Assessment and Perspectives, edited by Samantha Besson, 125-175. Geneva: Schulthess, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  196. Besson, Samantha. “European Human Rights, Supranational Judicial Review and Democracy - Thinking Outside the Judicial Box.” In Human Rights Protection in the European Legal Orders: Interaction Between European Courts and National Courts, edited by Patricia Popelier, Catherine Van de Heyning and Piet Van Nuffel, 97-145. Cambridge: Intersentia, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  197. Besson, Samantha. “Human Rights Adjudication as Transnational Adjudication: A Peripheral Case of Domestic Courts as International Law Adjudicators.” In International Law and… Select Proceedings of the European Society of International Law, Vol. 5, edited by August Reinisch, Mary E. Footer and Christina Binder, 43-65. Oxford: Hart, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  198. Besson, Samantha. “Human Rights and Democracy in a Global Context: Decoupling and Recoupling.” Ethics & Global Politics 4 (2011): 19-50. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  199. Besson, Samantha. “Human Rights: Ethical, Political… or Legal? First Steps in a Legal Theory of Human Rights.” In The Role of Ethics in International Law, edited by Donald Earl Childress, 211-245. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  200. Besson, Samantha. “The Legitimate Authority of International Human Rights. On the Reciprocal Legitimation of Domestic and International Human Rights.” In The Legitimacy of International Human Rights Regimes. Legal, Political and Philosophical Perspectives, edited by Andreas Føllesdal, Johan Karlsson Schaffer and Geir Ulfstein, 32-83. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  201. Besson, Samantha. The Morality of Conflict. Reasonable Disagreement and the Law. Oxford: Hart, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  202. Besson, Samantha. “State Consent and Disagreement in International Law-Making. Dissolving the Paradox.” Leiden Journal of International Law 29 (2016): 289-316. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  203. Besson, Samantha. “Subsidiarity in International Human Rights Law - What is Subsidiary about Human Rights?”. The American Journal of Jurisprudence 61 (2016): 69-107. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  204. Besson, Samantha, and Anne-Laurence Graf-Brugère. “Le droit de vote des expatriés, le consensus européen et la marge d’appréciation des États.” Revue Trimestrielle des Droits de l’Homme 25 (2014): 937-958. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  205. Besson, Samantha, and José Luis Martí. “Introduction.” In Deliberative Democracy and its Discontents, edited by Samantha Besson and José Luis Martí, xiii-xxxi. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  206. Besson, Samantha, and José Luis Martí. “Law and Republicanism: Mapping the Issues.” In Legal Republicanism: National and International Perspectives, edited by Samantha Besson and José Luis Martí, 3-36. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  207. Besson, Samantha, and Alain Zysset. “Human Rights Theory and Human Rights History: A Tale of Two Odd Bedfellows.” Ancilla Iuris (2012): 204-219. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  208. Bhuta, Nehal. “Two Concepts of Religious Freedom in the European Court of Human Rights.” The South Atlantic Quarterly 113, no. 1 (2014): 9-35. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  209. Bickel, Alexander. The Least Dangerous Branch. The Supreme Court at the Bar of Politics. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1986. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  210. Bjorge, Eirik. “Been There, Done That: The Margin of Appreciation and International Law.” Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law 4, no. 1 (2015): 181-190. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  211. Bjorge, Eirik. Domestic Application of the ECHR: Courts as Faithful Trustees. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  212. Blackburn, Simon. “Can Philosophy Exist?”. In Méta-Philosophie: Reconstructing Philosophy?, edited by Jocelyne Couture and Kai Nielsen, 83-105. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1993. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  213. Bloch, Ernst. Das Prinzip Hoffnung. 10th ed. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  214. Vvan Bockel, Bas. “A Court Divided: Discord and Disagreement in Rola v. Slovenia”. Strasbourg Observers, 2019. Available at <https://strasbourgobservers.com/2019/07/09/a-court-divided-discord-and-disagreement-in-rola-v-slovenia/#more-4365https://strasbourgobservers.com/2019/07/09/a-court-divided-discord-and-disagreement-in-rola-v-slovenia/#more-4365>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  215. Bodansky, Daniel M. “The Legitimacy of International Governance: A Coming Challenge for International Environmental Law?”. American Journal of International Law 93 (1999): 596-624. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  216. Vvon Bogdandy, Armin, and Ingo Venzke. “In Whose Name? An Investigation of International Courts’ Public Authority and Its Democratic Justification.” European Journal of International Law 23 (2012): 7-41. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  217. Bothe, Michael. “Die Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung in der Praxis internationaler Gerichte.” Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 36 (1976): 280-299. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  218. Bourdieu, Pierre. Pascalian Meditations. Translated by Richard Nice. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  219. Bouwhuis, Stephen. “Revisiting Philip Alston’s Human Rights and Quality Control.” European Human Rights Law Review, no. 5 (2016): 475-483. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  220. Bowring, Bill. “Does Russia Have a Human Rights Future in the Council of Europe and OSCE?”. In Shifting Power and Human Rights Diplomacy: Russia, edited by Doutje Lettinga and Lars van Troost: Amnesty International Netherlands, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  221. Bowring, Bill. “Russia and the European Convention (or Court) of Human Rights: The End?”. Revue québécoise de droit international hors-série (2020): 201-218. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  222. Boylan, Michael. Natural Human Rights. A Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  223. Bratza, Nicolas. “The Relationship between the UK Courts and Strasbourg.” European Human Rights Law Review (2011): 505-512. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  224. Brauch, Jeffrey A. “The Dangerous Search for an Elusive Consensus: What the Supreme Court Should Learn from the European Court of Human Rights.” Howard Law Journal 52 (2009): 277-318. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  225. Brauch, Jeffrey A. “The Margin of Appreciation and the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights: Threat to the Rule of Law.” Columbia Journal of European Law 11 (2004-2005): 113-150. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  226. Brems, Eva. “Enemies or Allies? Feminism and Cultural Relativism as Dissident Voices in Human Rights Discourse.” Human Rights Quarterly 19 (1997): 136-164. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  227. Brems, Eva. “Human Rights: Minimum and Maximum Perspectives.” Human Rights Law Review 9 (2009): 349-372. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  228. Brems, Eva. Human Rights: Universality and Diversity. The Hague et al.: Martinus Nijhoff, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  229. Brems, Eva. “The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights.” Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 56 (1996): 240-314. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  230. Brems, Eva. “Procedural Protection. An Examination of Procedural Safeguards Read into Substantive Convention Rights.” In Shaping Rights in the ECHR. The Role of the European Court of Human Rights in Determining the Scope of Human Rights, edited by Eva Brems and Janneke Gerards, 137-161. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  231. Brems, Eva, and Laurens Lavrysen. “Procedural Justice in Human Rights Adjudication: The European Court of Human Rights.” Human Rights Quarterly 35 (2013): 176-200. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  232. Brest, Paul. “The Substance of Process.” Ohio State Law Journal 42 (1981): 131-142. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  233. Breuer, Marten. “Establishing Common Standards and Securing the Rule of Law.” In The Council of Europe. Its Laws and Policies, edited by Stefanie Schmahl and Marten Breuer, 639-670. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  234. Breuer, Marten. “Impact of the Council of Europe on National Legal Systems.” In The Council of Europe. Its Laws and Policies, edited by Stefanie Schmahl and Marten Breuer, 801-873. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  235. Bribosia, Emmanuelle, Isabelle Rorive, and Laura Van den Eynde. “Same-Sex Marriage: Building an Argument before the European Court of Human Rights in Light of the US Experience.” Berkeley Journal of International Law 32 (2014): 1-43. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  236. Brown, Wendy. “‘The Most We Can Hope For…’: Human Rights and the Politics of Fatalism.” The South Atlantic Quarterly 103 (2004): 451-463. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  237. Buchanan, Allen. The Heart of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  238. Dde Búrca, Gráinne. “The Language of Rights and European Integration.” In New Legal Dynamics of European Union, edited by Josephine Shaw and Gillian More. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  239. Vvan der Burg, Wibren, and Theo van Willigenburg. “Introduction.” In Reflective Equilibrium: Essays in Honour of Robert Heeger, edited by Wibren van der Burg and Theo van Willigenburg, 1-25. Dordrecht: Springer, 1998. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  240. Burke, Karen C. “Secret Surveillance and the European Convention on Human Rights.” Stanford Law Review 33 (1980-1981): 1113-1140. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  241. Burstein, Mike. “The Will to Enforce: An Examination of the Political Constraints upon a Regional Court of Human Rights.” Berkeley Journal of International Law 24 (2006): 423-443. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  242. Butler, Judith. “Beside Oneself: On the Limits of Sexual Autonomy.” In Undoing Gender, 17-39. New York and London: Routledge, 2004. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  243. Butler, Judith. “Gender Regulations.” In Undoing Gender, 40-56. New York and London: Routledge, 2004. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  244. Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble. Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York and London: Routledge, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  245. Butler, Judith, and William Connolly. “Politics, Power and Ethics: A Discussion Between Judith Butler and William Connolly.” Theory & Event 4, no. 2 (2000). Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  246. Çalı, Başak. “Specialized Rules of Treaty Interpretation: Human Rights.” In The Oxford Guide to Treaties, edited by Duncan B. Hollis, 525-548. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  247. Çalı, Başak, Anne Koch, and Nicola Bruch. "The Legitimacy of the European Court of Human Rights: The View from the Ground." Strasbourg, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  248. Çalı, Başak, and Saladin Meckled-García. “Human Rights Legalized - Defining, Interpreting, and Implementing an Ideal.” In The Legalization of Human Rights. Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Human Rights and Human Rights Law, edited by Saladin Meckled-García and Başak Çalı, 1-8. London and New York: Routledge, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  249. Carothers, Thomas. “Empirical Perspectives on the Emerging Norm of Democracy in International Law.” Proceedings of the American Society of International Law (1992): 261-267. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  250. Carozza, Paolo G. “Subsidiarity as a Structural Principle of International Human Rights Law.” American Journal of International Law 97 (2003): 38-79. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  251. Carozza, Paolo G. “Uses and Misuses of Comparative Law in International Human Rights: Some Reflections on the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights.” Notre Dame Law Review 73 (1998): 1217-1237. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  252. Carrubba, Clifford James, and Matthew Joseph Gabel. “Courts, Compliance, and the Quest for Legitimacy in International Law.” Theoretical Inquiries in Law 14 (2013): 505-541. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  253. Cebada Romero, Alicia. “The European Court of Human Rights and Religion: Between Christian Neutrality and the Fear of Islam.” New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law 11 (2013): 75-101. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  254. Charlesworth, Hilary, Christine Chinkin, and Shelley Wright. “Feminist Approaches to International Law.” American Journal of International Law 85, no. 4 (1991): 613-645. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  255. Charlesworth, Hilary, Gina Heathcote, and Emily Jones. “Feminist Scholarship on International Law in the 1990s and Today: An Inter-Generational Conversation.” Feminist Legal Studies 27 (2019): 79-93. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  256. Cheah, Pheng. Inhuman Conditions. On Cosmopolitanism and Human Rights. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  257. Chimni, B.S. “Third World Approaches to International Law: A Manifesto.” International Community Law Review 8 (2006): 3-27. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  258. Clément, Dominique. “Human Rights or Social Justice? The Problem of Rights Inflation.” International Journal of Human Rights 22, no. 2 (2018): 155-169. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  259. Cohen, Joshua. “An Epistemic Conception of Democracy.” Ethics 97 (1986): 26-38. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  260. Condorcet, Marquis de. “On the Emancipation of Women. On giving Women the Right of Citizenship.” In Condorcet: Political Writings, edited by Steven Lukes and Nadia Urbinati, 156-162. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  261. Conway, Gerard. “Levels of Generality in the Legal Reasoning of the European Court of Justice.” European Law Journal 14 (2008): 787-805. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  262. Cooper, Davina. Everyday Utopias. The Conceptual Life of Promising Spaces. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  263. Cooper, Sarah Lucy. “Marriage, Family, Discrimination & Contradiction: An Evaluation of the Legacy and Future of the European Court of Human Rights’ Jurisprudence on LGBT Rights.” German Law Journal 12 (2011): 1746-1763. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  264. Costa, Jean-Paul. “On the Legitimacy of the European Court of Human Rights’ Judgments.” European Constitutional Law Review 7 (2011): 173-182. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  265. Costa, Jean-Paul. “The Relationship between the European Court of Human Rights and the National Courts.” European Human Rights Law Review (2013): 264-274. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  266. Cover, Robert M. “The Supreme Court 1982 Term. Foreword: Nomos and Narrative.” Harvard Law Review 97 (1983): 4-68. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  267. Cover, Robert M. “Violence and the Word.” Yale Law Journal 95 (1986): 1601-1629. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  268. Cowan, Sharon. "The Scottish Feminist Judgments Project: A New Frontier." In Oñati Socio-legal Series, v. 8, n. 9 - Feminist Judgments: Comparative Socio-Legal Perspectives on Judicial Decision Making and Gender Justice, 2018. Available at <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3249609https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3249609>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  269. Cox, Robert W. “Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 10, no. 2 (1981): 126-155. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  270. Cram, Ian. “Protocol 15 and Articles 10 and 11 ECHR - The Partial Triumph of Political Incumbency Post-Brighton?”. International and Comparative Law Quarterly 67 (2018): 477-503. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  271. Craven, Matthew. “Legal Differentiation and the Concept of the Human Rights Treaty in International Law.” European Journal of International Law 11, no. 3 (2000): 489-519. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  272. Craven, Matthew, Gerry Simpson, Susan Marks, and Ralph Wilde. “We Are Teachers of International Law.” Leiden Journal of International Law 17, no. 2 (2004): 363-374. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  273. Crenshaw, Kimberle. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics.” University of Chicago Legal Forum, no. 1 (1989): 139-167. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  274. Crenshaw, Kimberle. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43, no. 6 (1991): 1241-1299. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  275. Dahlberg, Maija. “‘The Lack of Such a Common Approach’ - Comparative Argumentation by the European Court of Human Rights.” Finnish Yearbook of International Law 23 (2012-2013): 73-111. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  276. Danius, Sara, Stefan Jonsson, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. “An Interview with Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak.” boundary 2 20 (1993): 24-50. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  277. Dann, Philipp, Maxim Bönnemann, and Tanja Herklotz. “Of Apples and Mangoes. Comparing the European Union and India.” Indian Yearbook of Comparative Law (2016): 3-20. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  278. Davis, Angela Y. Women, Race & Class. New York: Random House, 1983. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  279. Dembour, Marie-Benedicte. Who Believes in Human Rights? Reflections on the European Convention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  280. Devlin, Patrick. “Democracy and Morality.” In The Enforcement of Morals, 86. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  281. Devlin, Patrick. “Morals and the Criminal Law.” In The Enforcement of Morals, 1-25. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  282. Dietz, Chris. “Governing Legal Embodiment: On the Limits of Self-Declaration.” Feminist Legal Studies 26, no. 2 (2018): 185-204. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  283. Dijn, Annelien de. “Rousseau and Republicanism.” Political Theory (2015): 1-22. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  284. Djeffal, Christian. “Consensus, Stasis, Evolution: Reconstructing Argumentative Patterns in Evolutive ECHR Jurisprudence.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 71-95. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  285. Donnelly, Jack. Universal Human Rights. 3rd ed. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  286. Donoho, Douglas Lee. “Autonomy, Self-Governance, and the Margin of Appreciation: Developing a Jurisprudence of Diversity Within Universal Human Rights.” Emory International Law Review 15 (2001): 391-466. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  287. Dörr, Oliver. “Article 31.” In Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. A Commentary, edited by Oliver Dörr and Kirsten Schmalenbach, 559-616. Berlin: Springer, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  288. Dothan, Shai. “Comparative Views on the Right to Vote in International Law: The Case of Prisoners’ Disenfranchisement.” In Comparative International Law, edited by Anthea Roberts, Paul B. Stephan, Pierre-Hugues Verdier and Mila Versteeg, 379-395. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  289. Dothan, Shai. “How International Courts Enhance Their Legitimacy.” Theoretical Inquiries in Law 14 (2013): 455-478. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  290. Dothan, Shai. “In Defence of Expansive Interpretation in the European Court of Human Rights.” Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law 3 (2014): 508-531. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  291. Dothan, Shai. “Judicial Deference Allows European Consensus to Emerge.” Chicago Journal of International Law (2017): 393-419. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  292. Dothan, Shai. “Judicial Tactics in the European Court of Human Rights.” Chicago Journal of International Law 12 (2011-2012): 115-142. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  293. Dothan, Shai. “Margin of Appreciation and Democracy: Human Rights and Deference to Political Bodies.” Journal of International Dispute Settlement 9 (2018): 145-153. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  294. Dothan, Shai. “The Optimal Use of Comparative Law.” Denver Journal of International Law and Policy 43 (2014): 21-44. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  295. Dothan, Shai. “Three Interpretive Constraints on the European Court of Human Rights.” In The Rule of Law at the National and International Levels. Contestations and Deference, edited by Machiko Kanetake and André Nollkaemper, 227-245. Oxford and Portland: Hart, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  296. Douglas-Scott, Sionaidh. “Borges’ Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote and the Idea of a European Consensus.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 167-186. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  297. Douglas-Scott, Sionaidh. “A Tale of Two Courts: Luxembourg, Strasbourg and the Growing European Human Rights Acquis.” Common Market Law Review 43 (2006): 629-665. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  298. Douzinas, Costas. "Adikia: On Communism and Rights." Critical Legal Thinking, 2010. Available at <http://criticallegalthinking.com/2010/11/30/adikia-on-communism-and-rightshttp://criticallegalthinking.com/2010/11/30/adikia-on-communism-and-rights/>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  299. Douzinas, Costas. The End of Human Rights. Oxford: Hart, 2000. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  300. Draghici, Carmen. “The Strasbourg Court between European and Local Consensus: Anti-democratic or Guardian of Democratic Process?”. Public Law (2017): 11-29. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  301. Dworkin, Ronald. “Can Rights be Controversial?”. In Taking Rights Seriously, 335-348. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  302. Dworkin, Ronald. “Constitutional Cases.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 163-184. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  303. Dworkin, Ronald. “The Forum of Principle.” New York University Law Review 56 (1981): 469. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  304. Dworkin, Ronald. “Hard Cases.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 105-162. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  305. Dworkin, Ronald. “Justice and Rights.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 185-222. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  306. Dworkin, Ronald. Justice for Hedgehogs. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  307. Dworkin, Ronald. Law’s Empire. Oxford: Hart, 1986. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  308. Dworkin, Ronald. “Liberty and Moralism.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 289-310. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  309. Dworkin, Ronald. “The Model of Rules II.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 65-103. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  310. Dworkin, Ronald. “A New Philosophy for International Law.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 41 (2013): 2-30. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  311. Dworkin, Ronald. “Objectivity and Truth: You’d Better Believe It.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 25 (1996): 87-139. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  312. Dworkin, Ronald. “Reverse Discrimination.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 269-288. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  313. Dworkin, Ronald. “Rights as Trumps.” In Theories of Rights, edited by Jeremy Waldron, 153-167. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  314. Dworkin, Ronald. “Taking Rights Seriously.” In Taking Rights Seriously, 223-247. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  315. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. “Book Review of Shai Dothan, Reputation and Judicial Tactics. A Theory of National and International Courts.” Human Rights Law Review 15 (2015): 391-406. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  316. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. “Does Consensus Matter? Legitimacy of European Consensus in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights.” Public Law (2011): 534-553. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  317. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. “European Consensus and the Evolutive Interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights.” German Law Journal 12 (2011): 1730-1745. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  318. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. European Consensus and the Legitimacy of the European Court of Human Rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  319. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. “European Consensus: New Horizons.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 29-41. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  320. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. “What Is Law for the European Court of Human Rights?”. Georgetown Journal of International Law 49 (2017): 89-134. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  321. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin, and Alan Greene. “Legitimacy and the Future of the European Court of Human Rights: Critical Perspectives from Academia and Practitioners.” German Law Journal 12 (2011): 1707-1715. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  322. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin, and Vasily Lukashevich. “Informed Decision-Making: The Comparative Endeavours of the Strasbourg Court.” Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 30 (2012): 272-298. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  323. Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin, and Pavel Repyeuski. “European Consensus and the EU Accession to the ECHR.” In The EU Accession to the ECHR, edited by Vasiliki Kosta, Nikos Skoutaris and Vassilis P. Tzevelekos, 309-323. Oxford and Portland: Hart, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  324. Easton, David. A Systems Analysis of Political Life. New York: Wiley, 1965. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  325. Eisenberg, Avigail. Reasons of Identity. A Normative Guide to the Political & Legal Assessment of Identity Claims. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  326. Ely, John Hart. Democracy and Distrust. A Theory of Judicial Review. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1980. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  327. Ely, John Hart. “Professor Dworkin’s External/Personal Preference Distinction.” Duke Law Journal (1983): 959-986. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  328. Engle, Karen. “Anti-Impunity and the Turn to Criminal Law in Human Rights.” Cornell Law Review 100 (2015): 1069-1127. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  329. Engle, Karen. “International Human Rights and Feminism: When Discourses Meet.” Michigan Journal of International Law 13 (1992): 517-610. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  330. Enright, Máiréad. “Symphysiotomies and an Overlooked Violation of Article 3 ECHR” Irish Centre for Human Rights, 2021. Available at <https://ichrgalway.wordpress.com/2020/12/21/symphysiotomies-and-an-overlooked-violation-of-article-3-echrhttps://ichrgalway.wordpress.com/2020/12/21/symphysiotomies-and-an-overlooked-violation-of-article-3-echr/> Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  331. Epstein, Lee, and Jack Knight. “Toward a Strategic Revolution in Judicial Politics: A Look Back, A Look Ahead.” Political Research Quarterly 53 (2000): 625-661. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  332. Erdman, Joanna N. “The Deficiency of Consensus in Human Rights Protection: A Case Study of Goodwin v. United Kingdom and I. v. United Kingdom.” Journal of Law and Equality 2 (2003): 318-347. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  333. Estlund, David M. “Democratic Theory and the Public Interest: Condorcet and Rousseau Revisited.” The American Political Science Review 83 (1989): 1317-1322. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  334. Eynde, Laura Van den. “The Consensus Argument in NGOs’ Amicus Curiae Briefs: Defending Minorities through a Creatively Used Majoritarian Argument.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 96-119. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  335. Fallon, Richard H., Jr. “Legitimacy and the Constitution.” Harvard Law Review 118 (2005): 1789-1853. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  336. Fenwick, Helen. “Same-sex Unions at the Strasbourg Court in a Divided Europe: Driving Forward Reform or Protecting the Court’s Authority via Consensus Analysis?”. European Human Rights Law Review (2016): 248-272. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  337. Fenwick, Helen, and Daniel Fenwick. “Finding ‘East’/‘West’ Divisions in Council of Europe States on Treatment of Sexual Minorities: The Response of the Strasbourg Court and the Role of Consensus Analysis.” European Human Rights Law Review, no. 3 (2019): 247-273. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  338. Féron, Henri. “Human Rights and Faith: A ‘World-wide Secular Religion’?”. Ethics & Global Politics 7, no. 4 (2014): 181-200. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  339. Finnemore, Martha, and Kathryn Sikkink. “International Norm Dynamics and Political Change.” International Organization 52 (1998): 887-917. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  340. Finnis, John. Natural Law & Natural Rights. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  341. Fischl, Richard Michael. “The Question that Killed Critical Legal Studies.” Law and Social Inquiry 17 (1992): 779-820. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  342. Fleig-Goldstein, Rachel M. “The Russian Constitutional Court versus the European Court of Human Rights: How the Strasbourg Court Should Respond to Russia’s Refusal to Execute ECtHR Judgments.” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 56 (2017): 172-218. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  343. Føllesdal, Andreas. “A Better Signpost, Not a Better Walking Stick: How to Evaluate the European Consensus Doctrine.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 189-209. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  344. Føllesdal, Andreas. “The Legitimacy Deficits of the Human Rights Judiciary: Elements and Implications of a Normative Theory.” Theoretical Inquiries in Law 14 (2013): 339-360. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  345. Forowicz, Magdalena. The Reception of International Law in the European Court of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  346. Franck, Thomas M. “Legitimacy in the International System.” American Journal of International Law 82 (1988): 705-759. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  347. Frankenberg, Günter. “Critical Comparisons: Re-thinking Comparative Law.” Harvard International Law Journal 26, no. 2 (1985): 411-455. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  348. Frankenberg, Günter. “Tocqueville’s Question. The Role of a Constitution in the Process of Integration.” Ratio Juris 13, no. 1 (2000): 1-30. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  349. Fredman, Sandra. “Foreign Fads or Fashions? The Role of Comparativism in Human Rights Law.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 64 (2015): 631-660. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  350. Fredman, Sandra. “From Dialogue to Deliberation: Human Rights Adjudication and Prisoners’ Rights to Vote.” Public Law (2013): 292-311. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  351. French, Duncan. “Treaty Interpretation and the Incorporation of Extraneous Legal Rules.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 55 (2006): 281-314. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  352. Ganshof Van der Meersch, W.J. “La référence au droit interne des Etats contractants dans la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme.” Revue internationale de droit comparé 32 (1980): 317-335. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  353. Gearty, Conor. “Building Consensus on European Consensus.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 448-467. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  354. Gerards, Janneke. “Diverging Fundamental Rights Standards and the Role of the European Court of Human Rights.” In Constructing European Constitutional Law, edited by M. Claes and M. De Visser. Oxford: Hart. Available at <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2344626https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2344626>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  355. Gerards, Janneke. “The European Court of Human Rights and the National Courts: Giving Shape to the Notion of ‘Shared Responsibility’.” In Implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights and of the Judgments of the EC⁠t⁠HR in National Case-Law. A Comparative Analysis, edited by Janneke Gerards and Joseph Fleuren, 13-93. Cambridge et al.: Intersentia, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  356. Gerards, Janneke. General Principles of the European Convention on Human Rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  357. Gerards, Janneke. “Judicial Deliberations in the European Court of Human Rights.” In The Legitimacy of Highest Courts’ Rulings, edited by Nick Huls, Maurice Adams and Jacco Bomhoff, 407-436. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  358. Gerards, Janneke. “Margin of Appreciation and Incrementalism in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights.” Human Rights Law Review (2018): 495-515. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  359. Gerards, Janneke. “Pluralism, Deference and the Margin of Appreciation Doctrine.” European Law Journal 17 (2011): 80-120. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  360. Gerards, Janneke, and Sarah Lambrecht. “The Final Copenhagen Declaration: Fundamentally Improved With a Few Remaining Caveats”. Strasbourg Observers, 2018. Available at <https://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/04/18/the-final-copenhagen-declaration-fundamentally-improved-with-a-few-remaining-caveatshttps://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/04/18/the-final-copenhagen-declaration-fundamentally-improved-with-a-few-remaining-caveats/>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  361. Gilabert, Pablo, and Holly Lawford-Smith. “Political Feasibility: A Conceptual Exploration.” Political Studies 60 (2012): 809-825. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  362. Glas, Lize R. “The European Court of Human Rights’ Use of Non-Binding and Standard-Setting Council of Europe Documents.” Human Rights Law Review 17 (2017): 97-125. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  363. Glendon, Mary Ann. Rights Talk. The Impoverishment of Political Discourse. New York: The Free Press, 1991. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  364. Gless, Sabine, and Jeannine Martin. “The Comparative Method in European Courts: A Comparison Between the CJEU and ECtHR?”. Bergen Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 1 (2013): 36-52. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  365. Golder, Ben. “Beyond Redemption? Problematising the Critique of Human Rights in Contemporary International Legal Thought.” London Review of International Law 2, no. 1 (2014): 77-114. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  366. Golder, Ben. “On the Varieties of Universalism in Human Rights Discourse.” In Human Rights Between Law and Politics: The Margin of Appreciation in Post-National Contexts, edited by Petr Agha, 37-54. London: Hart, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  367. Goldston, James A. “The Struggle for Roma Rights: Arguments that Have Worked.” Human Rights Quarterly 32 (2010): 311-325. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  368. Goldston, James A., and Shirley Pouget. “The Copenhagen Declaration: How Not to “Reform” the European Court of Human Rights.” European Human Rights Law Review, no. 3 (2018): 208-210. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  369. Gonzalez-Salzberg, Damian A. “The Accepted Transsexual and the Absent Transgender: A Queer Reading of the Regulation of Sex/Gender by the European Court of Human Rights.” American University International Law Review 29 (2014): 797-829. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  370. Gonzalez-Salzberg, Damian A. “Confirming (the Illusion of) Heterosexual Marriage: Hämäläinen v Finland.” Journal of International and Comparative Law 2, no. 1 (2015): 173-186. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  371. Gonzalez-Salzberg, Damian A. “An Improved Protection for the (Mentally Ill) Trans Parent: A Queer Reading of AP, Garçon and Nicot v France.” Modern Law Review 81, no. 3 (2018): 526-538. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  372. Grabenwarter, Christoph, and Katharina Pabel. Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention. 6th ed. München: Beck, 2016. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  373. Gragl, Paul. The Accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights. Oxford: Hart, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  374. Grear, Anna. “Challenging Corporate ‘Humanity’: Legal Disembodiment, Embodiment and Human Rights.” Human Rights Law Review 7, no. 3 (2007): 511-543. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  375. Green, Jeffrey Edward. “On the Co-originality of Liberalism and Democracy: Rationalist vs. Paradoxicalist Perspectives.” Law, Culture and the Humanities 11 (2015): 198-217. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  376. Greenhouse, Carol J. A Moment’s Notice. Time Politics across Cultures. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  377. Greer, Steven. The Margin of Appreciation: Interpretation and Discretion under the European Convention on Human Rights. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 2000. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  378. Griffin, James. On Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  379. Grofman, Bernard, and Scott L. Feld. “Rousseau’s General Will: A Condorcetian Perspective.” The American Political Science Review 82 (1988): 567-576. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  380. Grofman, Bernard, Guillermo Owen, and Scott L. Feld. “Thirteen Theorems in Search of the Truth.” Theory and Decision 15 (1983): 261-278. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  381. Gross, Aeyal. “Sex, Love, and Marriage: Questioning Gender and Sexuality Rights in International Law.” Leiden Journal of International Law 21 (2008): 235-253. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  382. Grossman, Nienke. “Legitimacy and International Adjudicative Bodies.” George Washington International Law Review 41 (2009): 107-180. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  383. Gutmann, Amy. “Introduction.” In Michael Ignatieff, Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry, edited by Amy Gutmann, vii-xxviii. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  384. Habermas, Jürgen. Between Facts and Norms. Translated by William Rehg. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  385. Habermas, Jürgen. “Der europäische Nationalstaat - Zu Vergangenheit und Zukunft von Souveränität und Staatsbürgerschaft.” In Die Einbeziehung des Anderen. Studien zur politischen Theorie, 128-153. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  386. Habermas, Jürgen. “Inklusion - Einbeziehen oder Einschließen? Zum Verhältnis von Nation, Rechtsstaat und Demokratie.” In Die Einbeziehung des Anderen. Studien zur politischen Theorie, 154-184. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  387. Habermas, Jürgen. “On Law and Disagreement. Some Comments on ‘Interpretative Pluralism’.” Ratio Juris 16 (2003): 187-194. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  388. Habermas, Jürgen. “Über den internen Zusammenhang von Rechtsstaat und Demokratie.” In Die Einbeziehung des Anderen. Studien zur politischen Theorie, 293-308. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  389. Habermas, Jürgen. “Versöhnung durch öffentlichen Vernunftgebrauch.” In Die Einbeziehung des Anderen. Studien zur politischen Theorie, 65-94. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1999. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  390. Habermas, Jürgen. “Volkssouveränität als Verfahren.” In Faktizität und Geltung. Beiträge zur Diskurstheorie des Rechts und des demokratischen Rechtsstaats, 600-631. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  391. Hallström, Pär. “Balance or Clash of Legal Orders - Some Notes on Margin of Appreciation.” In Human Rights in Contemporary European Law, edited by Joakim Nergelius and Eleonor Kristoffersson, 59-73. Oxford: Hart, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  392. Hamilton, Frances. “Same-Sex Marriage, Consensus, Certainty and the European Court of Human Rights.” European Human Rights Law Review (2018): 33-45. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  393. Harasym, Sarah, ed. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak: The Post-Colonial Critic. Interviews, Strategies, Dialogues. New York and London: Routledge, 1990. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  394. Hare, R.M. “Rawls’ Theory of Justice.” In Reading Rawls: Critical Studies on Rawls’ ‘A Theory of Justice’, edited by Norman Daniels, 81-107. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  395. Hart, H.L.A. “Between Utility and Rights.” Columbia Law Review 79 (1979): 828-846. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  396. Hart, H.L.A. “Immorality and Treason.” In Morality and the Law, edited by Richard A. Wasserstrom. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing, 1971. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  397. Hart, H.L.A. Law, Liberty, and Morality. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1963. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  398. Hartmann, Jacques. “A Danish Crusade for the Reform of the European Court of Human Rights”. EJIL:Talk!, 2017. Available at <https://www.ejiltalk.org/a-danish-crusade-for-the-reform-of-the-european-court-of-human-rightshttps://www.ejiltalk.org/a-danish-crusade-for-the-reform-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights/>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  399. Haslett, D.W. “What Is Wrong with Reflective Equilibria?”. The Philosophical Quarterly 37 (1987): 305-311. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  400. Hathaway, Oona A. “Treaties’ End: The Past, Present, and Future of International Lawmaking in the United States.” Yale Law Journal 117 (2008): 1236-1372. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  401. Hauser, Gerard A. “The Moral Vernacular of Human Rights Discourse.” Philosophy & Rhetoric 41 (2008): 440-466. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  402. Helfer, Laurence R. “The Burdens and Benefits of Brighton”. ESIL Reflections Vol. 1, issue 1 (2012). Available at <http://esil-sedi.eu/node/138http://esil-sedi.eu/node/138>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  403. Helfer, Laurence R. “Consensus, Coherence and the European Convention on Human Rights.” Cornell International Law Journal 26 (1993): 133-165. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  404. Helfer, Laurence R. "Populism and International Human Rights Institutions: A Survival Guide." In iCourts Working Paper Series, No. 133, 2018. Available at <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3202633https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3202633>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  405. Helfer, Laurence R. “Redesigning the European Court of Human Rights: Embeddedness as a Deep Structural Principle of the European Human Rights Regime.” European Journal of International Law 19 (2008): 125-159. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  406. Helfer, Laurence R., and Karen J. Alter. “Legitimacy and Lawmaking: A Tale of Three International Courts.” Theoretical Inquiries in Law 14 (2013): 479-503. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  407. Helfer, Laurence R., and Anne-Marie Slaughter. “Toward a Theory of Effective Supranational Adjudication.” Yale Law Journal 107 (1997): 273-391. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  408. Helfer, Laurence R., and Anne-Marie Slaughter. “Why States Create International Tribunals: A Response to Professors Posner and Yoo.” California Law Review 93 (2005): 899-956. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  409. Helfer, Laurence R., and Erik Voeten. “International Courts as Agents of Legal Change: Evidence from LGBT Rights in Europe.” International Organization 68 (2014): 1-34. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  410. Henrard, Kristin. “How the ECtHR’s Use of European Consensus Considerations Allows Legitimacy Concerns to Delimit Its Mandate.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 141-166. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  411. Henrard, Kristin. “How the European Court of Human Rights’ Concern Regarding European Consensus Tempers the Effective Protection of Freedom of Religion.” Oxford Journal of Law and Religion 4 (2015): 398-420. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  412. Heringa, Aalt Willem. “The ‘Consensus Principle’: The Role of ‘Common Law’ in the ECHR Case Law.” Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 3 (1996): 108-145. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  413. Hodson, Loveday. “A Marriage by Any Other Name? Schalk and Kopf v Austria.” Human Rights Law Review 11 (2011): 170-179. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  414. Hoffmann, Leonard. “The Universality of Human Rights.” Law Quarterly Review 125 (2009): 416-432. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  415. Hollinger, David A. “Debates with the PTA and Others.” In Michael Ignatieff: Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry, edited by Amy Gutmann, 117-126. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  416. Hume, David. “A Treatise of Human Nature.” In Hume. The Essential Philosophical Works. Ware: Wordsworth, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  417. Hurd, Ian. “Torture and the Politics of Legitimation in International Law.” In The Legitimacy of International Human Rights Regimes. Legal, Political and Philosophical Perspectives, edited by Andreas Føllesdal, Johan Karlsson Schaffer and Geir Ulfstein, 165-189. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  418. Hutchinson, Michael R. “The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in the European Court of Human Rights.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 48 (1999): 638-650. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  419. Hwang, Shu-Perng. “Grundrechtsschutz unter der Voraussetzung des europäischen Grundkonsenses?”. Europarecht (2013): 307-322. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  420. Iglesias Vila, Marisa. “Subsidiarity, Margin of Appreciation and International Adjudication within a Cooperative Conception of Human Rights.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 15 (2017): 393-413. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  421. Ignatieff, Michael. Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  422. Janik, Ralph. “How Many Divisions Does the European Court of Human Rights Have? Compliance and Legitimacy in Times of Crisis.” Austrian Review of International and European Law 20 (2015): 125-144. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  423. Johns, Fleur. “Critical International Legal Theory.” In International Legal Theory: Foundations and Frontiers, edited by Jeffrey L. Dunoff and Mark A. Pollack. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, forthcoming. Available at <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3224013https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3224013>. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  424. Johnson, Paul. Homosexuality and the European Court of Human Rights. Abingdon: Routledge, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  425. Kagiaros, Dimitrios. “When to Use European Consensus: Assessing the Differential Treatment of Minority Groups by the European Court of Human Rights.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 283-310. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  426. Kakouris, C.N. “Use of the Comparative Method by the Court of Justice of the European Communities.” Pace International Law Review 6 (1994): 267-283. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  427. Kant, Immanuel. “Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten.” In Die Kritiken, 641-705. Frankfurt a.M.: Zweitausendeins, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  428. Kapotas, Panos, and Vassilis Tzevelekos. “How (Difficult Is It) to Build Consensus on (European) Consensus?”. In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 1-26. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  429. Kapur, Ratna. Gender, Alterity and Human Rights. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  430. Kapur, Ratna. “Human Rights in the 21st Century: Take a Walk on the Dark Side.” Sydney Law Review 28 (2006): 665-687. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  431. Kelsen, Hans. Allgemeine Staatslehre. Berlin: Julius Springer, 1925. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  432. Kelsen, Hans. General Theory of Law and State. Translated by Anders Wedberg. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1945. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  433. Kelsen, Hans. “Natural Law Doctrine and Legal Positivism.” Translated by Wolfgang Herbert Kraus. In General Theory of Law and State, 389-446. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1945. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  434. Kelsen, Hans. Reine Rechtslehre. 2nd ed. Vienna: Deuticke, 1960. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  435. Kennedy, David. The Dark Sides of Virtue. Reassessing International Humanitarianism. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2004. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  436. Kennedy, David. “The International Human Rights Regime: Still Part of the Problem.” In Examining Critical Perspectives on Human Rights, edited by Rob Dickinson, Elena Katselli, Colin Murray and Ole W. Pedersen, 19-34. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  437. Kennedy, David. “New Approaches to Comparative Law: Comparativism and International Governance.” Utah Law Review (1997): 545-637. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  438. Kennedy, David. “A New World Order: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow.” Transnational Law and Contemporary Problems 4 (1994): 329-375. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  439. Kennedy, David. “Turning to Market Democracy: A Tale of Two Architectures.” Harvard International Law Journal 32, no. 2 (1991): 373-396. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  440. Kennedy, David, and Chris Tennant. “New Approaches to International Law: A Bibliography.” Harvard International Law Journal 35, no. 2 (1994): 417-460. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  441. Kennedy, Duncan. A Critique of Adjudication (fin de siècle). Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1997. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  442. Kennedy, Duncan. “A Semiotics of Critique.” Cardozo Law Review 22 (2001): 1147-1189. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  443. Klabbers, Jan. The Concept of Treaty in International Law. The Hague et al.: Kluwer, 1996. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  444. Klabbers, Jan. “Towards a Culture of Formalism? Martti Koskenniemi and the Virtues.” Temple International and Comparative Law Journal 27, no. 2 (2013): 417-435. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  445. Kleinlein, Thomas. “Consensus and Contestability: The ECtHR and the Combined Potential of European Consensus and Procedural Rationality Control.” European Journal of International Law 28 (2017): 871-893. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  446. Klocke, Daniel Matthias. “Die dynamische Auslegung der EMRK im Lichte der Dokumente des Europarats.” Europarecht (2015): 148-169. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  447. Knox, Robert. “Strategy and Tactics.” Finnish Yearbook of International Law 21 (2010): 193-229. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  448. Koch, Ida Elisabeth, and Jens Vedsted-Hansen. “International Human Rights and National Legislatures - Conflict or Balance?”. Nordic Journal of International Law 75 (2006): 3-28. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  449. Korhonen, Outi. “New International Law: Silence, Defence or Deliverance?”. European Journal of International Law 7, no. 1 (1996): 1-28. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  450. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Constitutionalism as Mindset: Reflections on Kantian Themes About International Law and Globalization.” Theoretical Inquiries in Law 8 (2006): 9-36. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  451. Koskenniemi, Martti. “The Effect of Rights on Political Culture.” In The Politics of International Law, 133-152. Oxford: Hart, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  452. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Epilogue. To Enable and Enchant - on the Power of Law.” In The Law of International Lawyers. Reading Martti Koskenniemi, edited by Wouter Werner, Marieke de Hoon and Alexis Galán, 393-412. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  453. Koskenniemi, Martti. From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of International Legal Argument. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  454. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Human Rights Mainstreaming as a Strategy for Institutional Power.” Humanity 1 (2010): 47-58. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  455. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Human Rights, Politics and Love.” In The Politics of International Law, 153-167. Oxford: Hart, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  456. Koskenniemi, Martti. “International Law and Hegemony: A Reconfiguration.” Cambridge Review of International Affairs 17 (2004): 197-218. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  457. Koskenniemi, Martti. “International Law as Therapy: Reading The Health of Nations.” European Journal of International Law 16 (2005): 329-341. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  458. Koskenniemi, Martti. “‘Intolerant Democracies’: A Reaction.” Harvard International Law Journal 37 (1996): 231-234. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  459. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Law, Teleology and International Relations: An Essay in Counterdisciplinarity.” International Relations 26 (2011): 3-34. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  460. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Legitimacy, Rights and Ideology: Notes Towards a Critique of the New Moral Internationalism.” Associations 7 (2003): 349-373. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  461. Koskenniemi, Martti. “Letter to the Editors of the Symposium.” American Journal of International Law 93 (1999): 351-361. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  462. Koskenniemi, Martti. “The Pull of the Mainstream.” Michigan Law Review 88 (1989-1990): 1946-1962. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  463. Koskenniemi, Martti. “What is Critical Research in International Law? Celebrating Structuralism.” Leiden Journal of International Law 29 (2016): 727-735. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  464. Kotiaho, Paavo. “A Return to Koskenniemi, or the Disconcerting Co-optation of Rupture.” German Law Journal 13, no. 5 (2012): 483-496. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  465. Kovler, Anatoly, Vladimiro Zagrebelsky, Lech Garlicki, Dean Spielmann, Renate Jaeger, and Roderick Liddell. "The Role of Consensus in the System of the European Court of Human Rights." In Dialogue between judges, European Court of Human Rights, 11-19, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  466. Kratochvíl, Jan. “The Inflation of the Margin of Appreciation by the European Court of Human Rights.” Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 29 (2011): 324-357. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  467. Krisch, Nico. Beyond Constitutionalism: The Pluralist Structure of Postnational Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  468. Kukavica, Jaka. “National Consensus and the Eigth Amendment: Is There Something to Be Learned from the United States Supreme Court?”. In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 364-391. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  469. Künkler, Mirjam, and Tine Stein. “State, Law, and Constitution. Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde’s Political and Legal Thought in Context.” In Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde: Constitutional and Political Theory. Selected Writings, edited by Mirjam Künkler and Tine Stein, 1-35. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  470. Laborde, Cécile, and John Maynor. “The Republican Contribution to Contemporary Political Theory.” In Republicanism and Political Theory, edited by Cécile Laborde and John Maynor, 1-28. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  471. Lafont, Cristina. “Is the Ideal of a Deliberative Democracy Coherent?”. In Deliberative Democracy and its Discontents, edited by Samantha Besson and José Luis Martí, 3-25. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  472. Lalor, Kay. “Making Different Differences: Representation and Rights in Sexuality Activism.” Feminist Legal Studies 23 (2015): 7-25. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  473. Lambert Abdelgawad, Elisabeth. “The Execution of the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights: Towards a Non-coercive and Participatory Model of Accountability.” Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 69 (2009): 471-506. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  474. Landemore, Hélène. Democratic Reason. Politics, Collective Intelligence, and the Rule of the Many. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  475. Lau, Holning. “Rewriting Schalk and Kopf: Shifting the Locus of Deference.” In Diversity and European Human Rights. Rewriting Judgments of the ECHR, edited by Eva Brems, 243-264. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  476. Legg, Andrew. The Margin of Appreciation in International Human Rights Law: Deference and Proportionality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  477. Leijten, Ingrid. Core Socio-Economic Rights and the European Court of Human Rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  478. Lenaerts, Koen. “Interlocking Legal Orders in the European Union and Comparative Law.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52 (2003): 873-906. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  479. Lenaerts, Koen, and José A. Gutiérrez-Fons. “The Constitutional Allocation of Powers and General Principles of EU Law.” Common Market Law Review 47 (2010): 1629-1669. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  480. Letsas, George. “The ECHR as a Living Instrument: Its Meaning and Legitimacy.” In Constituting Europe. The European Court of Human Rights in a National, European and Global Context, edited by Andreas Føllesdal, Birgit Peters and Geir Ulfstein, 106-141. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  481. Letsas, George. “No Human Right to Adopt?”. UCL Human Rights Review 1 (2008): 135-154. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  482. Letsas, George. “Strasbourg’s Interpretive Ethic: Lessons for the International Lawyer.” European Journal of International Law 21 (2010): 509-541. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  483. Letsas, George. A Theory of Interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  484. Letsas, George. “The Truth in Autonomous Concepts: How To Interpret the ECHR.” European Journal of International Law 15 (2004): 279-305. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  485. Letsas, George. “Two Concepts of the Margin of Appreciation.” Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 26 (2006): 705-732. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  486. Lewis, Tom. “Animal Defenders International v United Kingdom: Sensible Dialogue or a Bad Case of Strasbourg Jitters?”. Modern Law Review 77 (2014): 460-492. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  487. Lewis, Tom. “What not to Wear: Religious Rights, the European Court, and the Margin of Appreciation.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 56 (2007): 395-414. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  488. Linderfalk, Ulf. “Who Are ‘the Parties’? Article 31, Paragraph 3(C) of the 1969 Vienna Convention and the ‘Principle of Systemic Integration’ Revisited.” Netherlands International Law Review 55 (2008): 343-364. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  489. List, Christian, and Robert E. Goodin. “Epistemic Democracy: Generalizing the Condorcet Jury Theorem.” The Journal of Political Philosophy 9 (2001): 277-306. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  490. Little, Daniel. “Reflective Equilibrium and Justification.” The Southern Journal of Philosophy 22, no. 3 (1984): 373-387. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  491. Lixinski, Lucas. “The Inter-American Court of Human Rights’ Tentative Search for Latin American Consensus.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 337-363. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  492. Lock, Tobias. “The Influence of EU Law on Strasbourg Doctrines.” European Law Review 41 (2016): 804-825. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  493. Dde Londras, Fiona. “When the European Court of Human Rights Decides Not to Decide: The Cautionary Tale of A, B & C v. Ireland and Referendum-Emergent Constitutional Provisions.” In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 311-333. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  494. Dde Londras, Fiona, and Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou. “Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights: A, B & C v Ireland, Decision of 17 December 2010.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 62 (2013): 250-262. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  495. Dde Londras, Fiona, and Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou. “Managing Judicial Innovation in the European Court of Human Rights.” Human Rights Law Review 15 (2015): 523-547. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  496. Lovett, Frank. “Can Justice Be Based on Consent?”. The Journal of Political Philosophy 12 (2004): 79-101. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  497. Luban, David. “Human Rights Pragmatism and Human Dignity.” In Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights, edited by Rowan Cruft, S. Matthew Liao and Massimo Renzo, 263-278. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  498. Lübbe-Wolff, Gertrude. “Homogenes Volk - Über Homogenitätspostulate und Integration.” Zeitschrift für Ausländerrecht und Ausländerpolitik 27 (2007): 121-127. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  499. Luca, Zoé. “Case of Lautsi v Italy. Religious Symbols in Public Schools and the (Lack of) Margin of Appreciation.” Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 17 (2010): 98-104. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  500. Lugato, Monica. “The ‘Margin of Appreciation’ and Freedom of Religion: Between Treaty Interpretation and Subsidiarity.” Journal of Catholic Legal Studies 52 (2013): 49-70. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  501. Luhmann, Niklas. Recht und Automation in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Eine verwaltungswissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1966. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  502. Lupu, Yonatan. “International Judicial Legitimacy: Lessons from National Courts.” Theoretical Inquiries in Law 14 (2013): 437-454. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  503. Lyon, Arabella. Deliberative Acts. Democracy, Rhetoric, and Rights. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  504. Lyons, David. “Nature and Soundness of the Contract and Coherence Arguments.” In Reading Rawls: Critical Studies on Rawls’ ‘A Theory of Justice’, edited by Norman Daniels, 141-167. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  505. MacCormick, Neil. Legal Reasoning and Legal Theory. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  506. MacCormick, Neil. Rhetoric and the Rule of Law. A Theory of Legal Reasoning. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  507. Macdonald, R. St. J. “The Margin of Appreciation.” In The European System for the Protection of Human Rights, edited by R. St. J. Macdonald, Franz Matscher and Herbert Petzold, 83-124. Dordrecht: Nijhoff, 1993. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  508. Maciejewski, Tim, and Jens T. Theilen. “Temporal Aspects of the Interaction between National Law and European Union Law: Reintroducing the Protection of Legitimate Expectations.” European Law Review (2017): 706-721. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  509. Madsen, Mikael Rask. “The Protracted Institutionalization of the Strasbourg Court: From Legal Diplomacy to Integrationist Jurisprudence.” In The European Court of Human Rights between Law and Politics, edited by Jonas Christoffersen and Mikael Rask Madsen, 43-60. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  510. Madsen, Mikael Rask. “Rebalancing European Human Rights: Has the Brighton Declaration Engendered a New Deal on Human Rights in Europe?”. Journal of International Dispute Settlement 9 (2018): 199-222. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  511. Madsen, Mikael Rask, Pola Cebulak, and Micha Wiebusch. “Backlash Against International Courts: Explaining the Forms and Patterns of Resistance to International Courts.” International Journal of Law in Context 14 (2018): 197-220. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  512. Madsen, Mikael Rask, Pola Cebulak, and Micha Wiebusch. “Resistance to International Courts. Introduction and Conclusion.” International Journal of Law in Context 14 (2018): 193-196. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  513. Maduro, Miguel Poiares. We The Court: The European Court of Justice and The European Economic Constitution. A Critical Reading of Article 30 of the EC Treaty. Oxford: Hart, 1998. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  514. Mahoney, Paul. “Judicial Activism and Judicial Self-Restraint in the European Court of Human Rights: Two Sides of the Same Coin.” Human Rights Law Journal 11 (1990): 57-88. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  515. Mahoney, Paul. “Marvellous Richness of Diversity or Invidious Cultural Relativism?”. Human Rights Law Journal 19 (1998): 1-6. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  516. Mahoney, Paul, and Rachael Kondak. “Common Ground. A Starting Point or Destination for Comparative-Law Analysis by the European Court of Human Rights?”. In Courts and Comparative Law, edited by Mads Andenas and Duncan Fairgrieve, 119-140. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  517. Makaza, Dorothy. “Towards Afrotopia: The AU Withdrawal Strategy Document, the ICC, and the Possibility of Pluralistic Utopias.” German Yearbook of International Law 60 (2017): 485-517. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  518. Mälksoo, Lauri. “Concluding Observations. Russia and European Human-Rights Law: Margins of the Margin of Appreciation.” In Russia and European Human-Rights Law: The Rise of the Civlizational Argument, edited by Lauri Mälksoo, 217-227. Leiden: Brill, 2014. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  519. Mälksoo, Lauri. “Russia’s Constitutional Court Defies the European Court of Human Rights.” European Constitutional Law Review 12 (2016): 377-395. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  520. Mann, Roni. “Non-ideal Theory of Constitutional Adjudication.” Global Constitutionalism 7 (2018): 14-53. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  521. Marks, Susan. “False Contingency.” Current Legal Problems 62 (2009): 1-21. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  522. Marks, Susan. “International Judicial Activism and the Commodity-Form Theory of International Law.” European Journal of International Law 18, no. 1 (2007): 199-211. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  523. Marks, Susan. The Riddle of All Constitutions. International Law, Democracy, and the Critique of Ideology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  524. Marochkin, Sergei Yu. “A Russian Approach to International Law in the Domestic Legal Order: Basics, Development and Perspectives.” Italian Yearbook of International Law XXVI (2016): 15-40. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  525. Martens, Paul. "Perplexity of the National Judge Faced with the Vagaries of European Consensus." In Dialogue between judges, European Court of Human Rights, 53-65, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  526. Martí, José Luis. “The Epistemic Conception of Deliberative Democracy Defended: Reasons, Rightness and Equal Political Autonomy.” In Deliberative Democracy and its Discontents, edited by Samantha Besson and José Luis Martí, 27-56. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  527. Martini, Stefan. Vergleichende Verfassungsrechtsprechung. Praxis, Viabilität und Begründung rechtsvergleichender Argumentation durch Verfassungsgerichte. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  528. Marx, Karl. “Thesen über Feuerbach.” In Karl Marx: Thesen über Feuerbach, edited by Georges Labica. Hamburg and Berlin: Argument-Verlag, 1998. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  529. Maus, Ingeborg. Menschenrechte, Demokratie und Frieden. Perspektiven globaler Organisation. Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  530. Mavronicola, Natasa. “Taking Life and Liberty Seriously: Reconsidering Criminal Liability Under Article 2 of the ECHR.” Modern Law Review 80, no. 6 (2017): 1026-1051. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  531. Mayer, Franz C. “Constitutional Comparativism in Action. The Example of General Principles of EU Law and How They Are Made - A German Perspective.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 11 (2013): 1003-1020. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  532. McCrudden, Christopher. “Using Comparative Reasoning in Human Rights Adjudication: The Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights Compared.” Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 15 (2012-2013): 383-. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  533. McGinnis, John O., and Michael Rappaport. “The Condorcet Case for Supermajority Rules.” Supreme Court Economic Review 16, no. 1 (2008): 67-115. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  534. McGoldrick, Dominic. “A Defence of the Margin of Appreciation and an Argument for its Application by the Human Rights Committee.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 65 (2016): 21-60. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  535. McHarg, Aileen. “Reconciling Human Rights and the Public Interest: Conceptual Problems and Doctrinal Uncertainty in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights.” Modern Law Review 62 (1999): 671-696. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  536. McLachlan, Campbell. “The Principle of Systemic Integration and Article 31(3)(C) of the Vienna Convention.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 54 (2005): 279-320. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  537. McNeilly, Kathryn. “After the Critique of Rights: For a Radical Democratic Theory and Practice of Human Rights.” Law and Critique 27 (2016): 269-288. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  538. McNeilly, Kathryn. Human Rights and Radical Social Transformation: Futurity, Alterity, Power. London and New York: Routledge, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  539. Meckled-García, Saladin. “Specifying Human Rights.” In Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights, edited by Rowan Cruft, S. Matthew Liao and Massimo Renzo, 300-315. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  540. Meckled-García, Saladin, and Başak Çalı. “Lost in Translation. The Human Rights Ideal and International Human Rights Law.” In The Legalization of Human Rights. Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Human Rights and Human Rights Law, edited by Saladin Meckled-García and Başak Çalı, 11-31. London and New York: Routledge, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  541. Medda-Windischer, Roberta. “Dismantling Segregating Education and the European Court of Human Rights. D.H. and Others vs. Czech Republic: Towards an Inclusive Education?”. European Yearbook of Minority Issues 7 (2007/8): 19-55. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  542. Mégret, Frédéric. “The Apology of Utopia: Some Thoughts on Koskenniemian Themes, with Particular Emphasis on Massively Institutionalized International Human Rights Law.” Temple International and Comparative Law Journal 27 (2013): 455-497. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  543. Mégret, Frédéric. “Where Does the Critique of International Human Rights Stand? An Exploration in 18 Vignettes.” In New Approaches to International Law: The European and American Experiences, edited by José María Beneyto and David Kennedy, 3-40. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  544. Meier, Severin. “The Influence of Utopian Projects on the Interpretation of International Law and the Healthy Myth of Objectivity.” German Yearbook of International Law 60 (2017): 519-542. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  545. Mena Parras, Francisco Javier. “Democracy, Diversity and the Margin of Appreciation: A Theoretical Analysis from the Perspective of the International and Constitutional Functions of the European Court of Human Rights.” Revista Electrónica de Estudios Internacionales 29 (2015): 1-18. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  546. Merkouris, Panos. Article 31(3)(c) VCLT and the Principle of Systemic Integration. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2015. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  547. Merrills, J.G. The Development of International Law by the European Court of Human Rights. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  548. Milanovic, Marko. “On Realistic Utopias and Other Oxymorons: An Essay on Antonio Cassese’s Last Book.” European Journal of International Law 23 (2012): 1033-1048. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  549. Miles, Cameron A. “Indeterminacy.” In Concepts for International Law. Contributions to Disciplinary Thought, edited by Jean d’Aspremont and Sahib Singh, 447-458. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  550. Mill, John Stuart. “De Tocqueville on Democracy in America [II].” In The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, Volume XVIII - Essays on Politics and Society, edited by John M. Robson, 153-204. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1977. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  551. Mill, John Stuart. “On Liberty.” In On Liberty and Other Essays, 1-128. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  552. Miller, David. “Republicanism, National Identity, and Europe.” In Republicanism and Political Theory, edited by Cécile Laborde and John Maynor, 133-158. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  553. Momirov, Aleksandar, and Andria Naudé Fourie. “Vertical Comparative Law Methods: Tools for Conceptualising the International Rule of Law.” Erasmus Law Review 2, no. 3 (2009): 291-309. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  554. Moravcsik, Andrew. “The Origins of Human Rights Regimes: Democratic Delegation in Postwar Europe.” International Organization 54, no. 2 (2000): 217-252. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  555. Morawa, Alexander. “The ‘Common European Approach’, ‘International Trends’, and the Evolution of Human Rights Law. A Comment on Goodwin and I v. the United Kingdom.” German Law Journal 3 (2002). Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  556. Mouffe, Chantal. The Democratic Paradox. London and New York: Verso, 2005. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  557. Mouffe, Chantal. “The Limits of John Rawls’s Pluralism.” Politics, Philosophy & Economics 4 (2005): 221-231. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  558. Mowbray, Alastair. “The Creativity of the European Court of Human Rights.” Human Rights Law Review 5, no. 1 (2005): 57-79. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  559. Moyn, Samuel. The Last Utopia. Human Rights in History. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2012. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  560. Moyn, Samuel. Not Enough. Human rights in an Unequal World. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  561. Murray, John L. "Consensus: Concordance, or Hegemony of the Majority?" In Dialogue between judges, European Court of Human Rights, 25-48, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  562. Mutua, Makau. “Savages, Victims, and Saviors: The Metaphor of Human Rights.” Harvard International Law Journal 42, no. 1 (2001): 201-245. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  563. Myjer, Egbert. “The Succes[s] Story of the European Court: The Times They Are A-Changin’?”. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 30, no. 3 (2012): 264-271. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  564. Neuman, Gerald L. “Import, Export, and Regional Consent in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.” European Journal of International Law 19 (2008): 101-123. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  565. Nic Shuibhne, Niamh. “Consensus as Challenge and Retraction of Rights: Can Lessons Be Drawns from - and for - EU Citizenship Law?”. In Building Consensus on European Consensus. Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights in Europe and Beyond, edited by Panos Kapotas and Vassilis Tzevelekos, 421-447. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  566. Nickel, James W. Making Sense of Human Rights. Malden: Blackwell, 2007. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  567. Nicola, Fernanda G. “National Legal Traditions at Work in the Jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union.” American Journal of Comparative Law 64 (2016): 865-889. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  568. Nielsen, Kai. “Grounding Rights and a Method of Reflective Equilibrium.” Inquiry 25, no. 3 (1982): 277-306. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  569. Nollkaemper, André. “International Adjudication of Global Public Goods: The Intersection of Substance and Procedure.” European Journal of International Law 23 (2012): 769-791. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  570. Nolte, Georg. “Jurisprudence under Special Regimes Relating to Subsequent Agreements and Subsequent Practice.” In Treaties and Subsequent Practice, edited by Georg Nolte, 210-306. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  571. Nowlin, Christopher. “The Protection of Morals Under the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.” Human Rights Quarterly 24 (2002): 264-286. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  572. Nozawa, Junko. “Drawing the Line: Same-sex adoption and the jurisprudence of the ECtHR on the application of the “European consensus” standard under Article 14.” Merkourios 29 (2013): 66-75. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  573. Nussbaum, Martha C. From Disgust to Humanity. Sexual Orientation & Constitutional Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  574. Nussbaum, Martha C. Frontiers of Justice. Disability, Nationality, Species Membership. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  575. Nußberger, Angelika. “Auf der Suche nach einem europäischen Konsens – zur Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte.” Zeitschrift für rechtswissenschaftliche Forschung 3 (2012): 197-211. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  576. Nußberger, Angelika. “Hard Law or Soft Law - Does it Matter? Distinction Between Different Sources of International Law in the Jurisprudence of the EC⁠t⁠HR.” In The European Convention on Human Rights and General International Law, edited by Anne van Aaken and Iulia Motoc, 41-58. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  577. Nussberger, Angelika. The European Court of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  578. O’Boyle, Michael. “The Future of the European Court of Human Rights.” German Law Journal 12 (2011): 1862-1877. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  579. O’Cinneide, Colm. “Rights under Pressure.” European Human Rights Law Review (2017): 43-48. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  580. O’Connell, Paul. “Human Rights: Contesting the Displacement Thesis.” Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 69, no. 1 (2018): 19-35. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  581. O’Connell, Paul. “On the Human Rights Question.” Human Rights Quarterly 40, no. 4 (2018): 962-988. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  582. Odermatt, Jed. “Patterns of Avoidance: Political Questions Before International Courts.” International Journal of Law in Context 14 (2018): 221-236. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  583. O’Hara, Claerwen. “Consensus, Difference and Sexuality: Que(e)rying the European Court of Human Rights’ Concept of ‘European Consensus’.” Law and Critique (2020). Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  584. Oomen, B.M. “A Serious Case of Strasbourg-Bashing? An Evaluation of the Debates on the Legitimacy of the European Court of Human Rights in the Netherlands.” International Journal of Human Rights 20 (2016): 407-425. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  585. Orakhelashvili, Alexander. The Interpretation of Acts and Rules in Public International Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  586. Orford, Anne. “Embodying Internationalism: The Making of International Lawyers.” Australian Yearbook of International Law 19 (1998): 1-34. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  587. Örücü, Esin. “Whither Comparativism in Human Rights Cases?”. In Judicial Comparativism in Human Rights Cases, edited by Esin Örücü, 229-242. London: UKNCCL, 2003. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  588. Ost, François. “The Original Canons of Interpretation of the European Court of Human Rights.” In The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights. International Protection versus National Restrictions, edited by Mireille Delmas-Marty, 283-318. Dordrecht et al.: Kluwer, 1992. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  589. Ostrovsky, Aaron A. “What’s So Funny About Peace, Love, and Understanding? How the Margin of Appreciation Doctrine Preserves Core Human Rights within Cultural Diversity and Legitimises International Human Rights Tribunals.” Hanse Law Review 1 (2005): 47-64. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  590. Otto, Dianne. “Lost in Translation: Re-scripting the Sexed Subjects of International Human Rights Law.” In International Law and its Others, edited by Anne Orford, 318-356. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  591. Otto, Dianne. “Queering Gender [Identity] in International Law.” Nordic Journal of Human Rights 33 (2015): 299-318. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095
  592. Paczolay, Péter. "Consensus and Discretion: Evolution or Erosion of Human Rights Protection?" In Dialogue between judges, European Court of Human Rights, 69-79, 2008. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783748925095

Similar publications

from the series "Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht"
Cover of book: Comparative Perspectives on the Law of Energy Transition in Europe
Edited Book Full access
Michael Rodi, Johannes Saurer
Comparative Perspectives on the Law of Energy Transition in Europe
Cover of book: Human Dignity in the General Theory of Fundamental Rights
Book Titles No access
Augusto Wiegand Cruz
Human Dignity in the General Theory of Fundamental Rights
Cover of book: The Animal in Public International Law
Book Titles No access
Joseph Reeves
The Animal in Public International Law
Cover of book: Legislative Remedies before Human Rights Courts
Book Titles Full access
Lucas Sánchez de Miquel
Legislative Remedies before Human Rights Courts
Cover of book: Die Ausbürgerung von Terroristen
Book Titles Full access
Samuel Hartwig
Die Ausbürgerung von Terroristen

Notice

This work is protected by copyright and may only be used in accordance with the provisions of the Terms of Use and License Agreement. Any use of the work beyond this is expressly prohibited and will be prosecuted.

Give feedback

We welcome your feedback on content and features. Your message helps us to continuously improve our service.

Rating
Attach images
or drag and drop
PNG or JPG (max. 3 MB)

Login

Forgotten your password?
Login via your Institution (SSO, Shibboleth, OpenAthens)
Don't have an account yet?
Register now

Cite publication

Download: RIS BibTex