The Camp

Dr. Ulf Uhlmannsiek LL.M.

doi:10.5771/9783689000219

Summary

Refugee and migrant camps have become the default solution to situations of displacement. Millions of people live in thousands of camps around the world. Far from being a short-term emergency solution, many people spend years or decades in camps. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the international human rights framework applicable to refugee and migrant camps. It identifies the legal limits and room for manoeuvre of both civilian relief organisations and States, thus providing a better legal understanding of complex camp operations under extreme conditions in the context of international human rights law. Ulf Uhlmannsiek is a Senior Policy Advisor and a graduate of the European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder).

Keywords

Search publication

Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2024
ISBN-Print: 978-3-68900-020-2
ISBN-Online: 978-3-68900-021-9
Publisher: Tectum, Baden-Baden
Series: Wissenschaftliche Beiträge aus dem Tectum Verlag: Rechtswissenschaft
Volume: 229
Language: English
Pages: 496
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages I - XXII
1. A. The elements of encampment No access
2. B. The role of international law No access
3. C. Methodology No access
4. D. Contemporary issues of law and encampment No access
5. E. The limits of this study No access
1. 1. 1. 1. a) Arrival and registration No access
      2. b) Adjudication of the asylum claim No access
      3. c) Appeals procedures No access
      4. d) Exceptional asylum procedures No access
    2. 1. aa) Initial reception centers No access
        bb) Collective accommodation centers No access
        cc) AnkER centers No access
      2. aa) Greek mainland No access
        bb) Greek islands No access
        cc) EU-Türkiye statement No access
        dd) Multi-purpose reception and identification centers No access
    3. 3. Asylum seeker protection No access
  2. 1. 1. a) Elements of refugee status No access
      2. b) Refugee status determination procedure No access
    2. 1. a) Jordan: The Zaatari camp system No access
      2. b) Kenya: The Dadaab camp system No access
    3. 1. a) Layers of attachment No access
      2. b) Standards of treatment No access
      3. c) Refugee protection beyond the 1951 Refugee Convention No access
  3. 1. 1. a) Immigration detention schemes No access
      2. b) Immigration detention procedure No access
    2. 1. a) CBP processing centers No access
      2. b) ICE detention centers No access
      3. c) ORR immigration detention shelters No access
    3. 3. Immigration detainee protection No access
2. 1. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 27 Refugee Convention No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 27 Refugee Convention No access
    2. 2. Interference with Article 27 Refugee Convention No access
    3. 3. Justification of interferences with Article 27 Refugee Convention No access
  2. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of the right of access to courts No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 14 (1) ICCPR: “suit at law” No access
      3. c) Substantial scope of Article 14 (1) ICCPR: equal access to courts No access
      4. d) Substantial scope of Article 16 (1) Refugee Convention No access
      5. e) Restricted access to the courts in the asylum process No access
    2. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 16 (2) Refugee Convention No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 16 (2) Refugee Convention No access
  3. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of family-related rights No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 17 ICCPR: “family” No access
      3. c) “Arbitrary or unlawful interference” with Article 17 ICCPR No access
      4. d) Justification of interferences with Article 17 ICCPR No access
    2. 1. a) Article 17 ICCPR: affirmative steps to family reunification No access
      2. b) Article 9 Convention on the Rights of the Child: “best interests of the child” No access
3. 1. I. The ICCPR and non-citizen issues No access
  2. II. Effects of the concept of citizenship No access
  3. III. Judicial and family protection No access
4. D. Summary: Personal dimensions of encampment No access
1. 1. I. Allocation of land No access
  2. II. Duty of camp residence No access
  3. 1. 1. Open encampment No access
    2. 2. Radius containment No access
    3. 3. On-site containment No access
2. 1. 1. 1. Personal scope of the right to freedom from arbitrary detention No access
    2. 2. Substantial scope of the right to freedom from arbitrary detention No access
    3. 3. Interference with the right to freedom from arbitrary detention No access
    4. 1. a) Article 9 (1) ICCPR: principle of legality No access
      2. b) Article 9 (1) ICCPR: non-arbitrariness No access
      3. c) Article 31 (2) Refugee Convention: necessity No access
      4. d) Article 31 (2) Refugee Convention: regularization No access
  2. 1. 1. Personal scope of Article 31 (1) Refugee Convention No access
    2. 2. Substantial scope of Article 31 (1) Refugee Convention No access
    3. 3. Interference with Article 31 (1) Refugee Convention No access
  3. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of the right to freedom of internal movement No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 12 (1) ICCPR No access
      3. c) Substantial scope of Article 26 Refugee Convention No access
    2. 2. Interference with the right to freedom of internal movement No access
    3. 1. a) Article 12 (3) ICCPR: permissible purposes No access
      2. b) Article 12 (3) ICCPR: necessity and proportionality No access
      3. c) Article 26 Refugee Convention: aliens generally in the same circumstances No access
      4. d) Article 26 Refugee Convention: principle of equality No access
  4. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 6 (1) ICCPR No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 6 (1) ICCPR No access
    2. 2. Interference with the right to life No access
    3. 3. Justification of interferences with the right to life No access
  5. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 7 ICCPR No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 7 ICCPR No access
    2. 1. a) Cruel or inhuman treatment or punishment No access
      2. b) Degrading treatment or punishment No access
  6. 1. 1. Significance of the right to security of person No access
    2. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 9 (1) ICCPR No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 9 (1) ICCPR No access
    3. 1. a) Systematic exposure to physical harm No access
      2. b) Systematic exposure to psychological harm No access
    4. 4. Justification of interferences with the right to security of person No access
3. 1. I. Security rights in the Refugee Convention No access
  2. II. Liberty rights in the Refugee Convention No access
  3. III. Derogation from liberty and security rights in the ICCPR No access
  4. IV. The ICCPR’s lawfulness-unlawfulness bias No access
  5. V. The effects of States’ territorial jurisdiction No access
4. D. Summary: Spatial dimensions of encampment No access
1. 1. I. Host State No access
  2. 1. 1. Legal status of UNHCR in international law No access
    2. 1. a) UNHCR-host State cooperation No access
      2. b) UNHCR cooperation with other international organizations No access
    3. 3. The role of regional organizations No access
  3. 1. 1. a) Legal status of NGOs in international law No access
      2. b) Legal character of UNHCR-NGO “partnership agreements” No access
    2. 2. Private companies No access
2. 1. 1. 1. Progressive implementation No access
    2. 2. Non-discrimination standard No access
    3. 3. “Developing countries” clause No access
  2. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 11 (1) ICESCR No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 11 (1) ICESCR No access
    2. 2. Interference with the right to adequate shelter No access
    3. 3. Justification of interferences with the right to adequate shelter No access
  3. 1. 1. aa) Personal scope of Article 11 (1) ICESCR No access
        bb) Substantial scope of Article 11 (1) ICESCR No access
      2. b) Interference with the right to food No access
      3. c) Justification of interferences with the right to food No access
    2. 1. aa) Personal scope of the right to water No access
        bb) Substantial scope of the right to water No access
      2. b) Interference with the right to water No access
      3. c) Justification of interferences with the right to water No access
  4. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 12 (1) ICESCR No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 12 (1) ICESCR No access
    2. 2. Interference with the right to healthcare No access
    3. 3. Justification of interferences with the right to healthcare No access
  5. 1. 1. aa) Personal scope of the right of access to work No access
        bb) Substantial scope of Article 6 ICESCR No access
        cc) Substantial scope of Article 17 (1) Refugee Convention No access
        dd) Substantial scope of Article 18 Refugee Convention No access
      2. b) Interference with the right to access to work No access
      3. aa) Justification of interferences with Article 6 (1) ICESCR No access
        bb) Justification of interferences with Article 17 (1) Refugee Convention No access
        cc) Justification of interferences with Article 18 Refugee Convention No access
    2. 1. aa) Personal scope of the right to fair working conditions No access
        bb) Substantial scope of the right to fair working conditions No access
      2. b) Interference with the right to fair working conditions No access
      3. c) Justification of interferences with the right to fair working conditions No access
  6. 1. 1. aa) Personal scope of the right to primary education No access
        bb) Substantial scope of Article 13 (2) (a) ICESCR No access
        cc) Substantial scope of Article 22 (1) Refugee Convention No access
      2. b) Interference with the right to primary education No access
      3. aa) Justification of interferences with Article 13 (2) (a) ICESCR No access
        bb) Justification of interference with Article 22 (1) Refugee Convention No access
    2. 1. aa) Personal scope of the right to secondary and other education No access
        bb) Substantial scope of Article 13 (2) (b)–(d) ICESCR No access
        cc) Substantial scope of Article 22 (2) Refugee Convention No access
      2. b) Interference with the right to secondary and other education No access
      3. c) Justification of interferences with the right to secondary and other education No access
3. 1. 1. 1. Applicability of the general ASR rules No access
    2. 1. a) State organs No access
      2. b) Para-Statal entities No access
      3. c) Ultra vires conduct No access
      4. d) Private persons No access
    3. 1. a) Minimum standard of international aliens law No access
      2. b) International human rights and refugee law No access
    4. 1. a) Force majeure No access
      2. b) Distress No access
      3. c) Necessity No access
    5. 5. Consequences of State responsibility No access
  2. 1. 1. Applicability of the general ARIO rules No access
    2. 1. a) Organs and agents of the organization No access
      2. b) Seconded organs or agents No access
      3. c) Ultra vires conduct No access
    3. 1. a) Minimum standard of international aliens law No access
      2. b) International human rights and refugee law No access
      3. c) Rules of the organization (UNHCR Statute) No access
    4. 4. Circumstances precluding wrongfulness No access
    5. 5. Consequences of organizational responsibility No access
  3. III. Accountability of non-State actors No access
4. 1. I. Implementation of the ICESCR No access
  2. II. The ICESCR and non-citizens No access
  3. III. Socio-economic safeguards in the Refugee Convention No access
  4. IV. Effectiveness of the responsibility regime No access
5. E. Summary: Administrative dimensions of encampment No access
1. 1. I. Termination of encampment No access
  2. II. Protraction of encampment No access
  3. 1. 1. “Voluntary repatriation” schemes No access
    2. 2. “Local integration” efforts No access
    3. 3. “Resettlement” programs No access
2. 1. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of Article 12 (4) ICCPR No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Article 12 (4) ICCPR No access
    2. 2. Interference with the right to return No access
    3. 3. Justification of interferences with the right to return No access
  2. 1. 1. a) Personal scope of the duty of non-refoulement No access
      2. b) Substantial scope of Articles 6 and 7 ICCPR No access
      3. c) Substantial scope of Article 33 (1) Refugee Convention No access
    2. 2. Interference with the duty of non-refoulement No access
    3. 1. a) No justification of interferences with non-refoulement under the ICCPR No access
      2. aa) Article 33 (2): Danger to security of the country No access
        bb) Article 33 (2): Conviction of a particular serious crime No access
  3. 1. 1. Repatriation No access
    2. 2. Voluntary re-establishment No access
    3. 3. Naturalization No access
    4. 4. Resettlement No access
3. 1. I. The ICCPR and solution-related rights No access
  2. II. Cessation rules in the Refugee Convention No access
  3. III. Effects of external State sovereignty No access
  4. IV. Solution-related protection No access
4. D. Summary: Temporal dimensions of encampment No access
1. A. Core findings of the study No access
2. B. Outlook: alternatives to encampment No access
Bibliography No access Pages 447 - 496