The Advisory Function of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights

Dr. Eleanor Benz

doi:10.5771/9783748919803

Summary

How do the rights of same-sex couples have to be ensured by states, and which kind of environmental obligations are induced by the right to life and to personal integrity? Questions as diverse and far-reaching as these are regularly dealt with by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in its advisory function. This book is the first comprehensive, non-Spanish-written treatise on the advisory function of this Court. It analyzes the scope of the Court's advisory jurisdiction and its procedural practice in comparison with that of other international courts. Moreover, the legal effects of the Court’s advisory opinions and the question when the Court should better reject a request for an advisory opinion are examined.

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2024
ISBN-Print: 978-3-7560-1443-9
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-1980-3
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht
Volume: 329
Language: English
Pages: 0
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/InhaltsverzeichnisPages 1 - 22 Download chapter (PDF)
IntroductionPages 23 - 32 Download chapter (PDF)
Chapter 1: The IACtHR as part of the inter-American human rights systemPages 33 - 42 Download chapter (PDF)
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1. A. Advisory opinions in general
2. 1. I. England
  2. II. United States of America
  3. III. Canada and India
  4. IV. Latin American states
  5. V. Permanent Court of International Justice
  6. VI. International Court of Justice
  7. VII. Intermediate conclusion
3. 1. I. The idea to create a binding American Human Rights Convention
  2. II. Draft of the Inter-American Council of Jurists
  3. III. Chilean draft convention
  4. IV. Draft of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
  5. V. 1969 Specialized Inter-American Conference
  6. VI. Rejection of an optional advisory jurisdiction in the draft Statute
  7. VII. Concluding summary
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1. 1. I. OAS member states
  2. II. OAS organs including the IACHR
  3. 1. 1. National courts
    2. 2. National parliaments
    3. 3. Non-governmental organizations
    4. 4. Other regional organizations independent of the OAS
  4. IV. Authority to render advisory opinions proprio motu?
2. 1. I. Article 64 (1): “The interpretation of…”
  2. II. “… this Convention”
  3. 1. 1. OC-1/82
    2. 2. Interpretation of soft law instruments and references to customary international law
    3. 3. Concluding summary
  4. IV. Article 64 (2): Compatibility of domestic laws
3. 1. I. Clarification and reduction
  2. 1. 1. OC-23/17
    2. 2. OC-24/17
    3. 3. Extension of the subject matter upon request of amici
4. 1. I. Advisory jurisdiction of the IACtHR compared to the ICJ’s advisory jurisdiction
  2. II. Advisory jurisdiction of the IACtHR compared to the ECtHR’s advisory jurisdiction
  3. III. Advisory jurisdiction of the IACtHR compared to the AfrCtHPR’s advisory jurisdiction
  4. IV. Overview over the advisory and related jurisdiction of several international courts and the trend towards preliminary ruling procedures
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1. A. Written admissibility requirements
2. B. Submission and notification of a request
3. 1. 1. 1. First rejection
    2. 2. Second rejection
    3. 3. Third rejection
    4. 4. Fourth rejection
    5. 5. Fifth rejection
    6. 6. Sixth rejection
  2. 1. 1. aa) OC-3/83
        bb) OC-14/94
        cc) Intermediate conclusion
      2. aa) OC-13/93
        bb) OC-15/97
        cc) OC-19/05
        dd) Combined analysis in light of OC-5/85
      3. aa) OC-16/99
        bb) OC-23/17
        cc) OC-24/17
        dd) OC-28/21
        ee) Intermediate conclusion
      4. (1) OC-16/99
        (2) OC-23/17
        bb) Conflict with a state not party to the OAS
        (1) OC-18/03
        (2) OC-21/14
        (3) OC-26/20
        (4) OC-28/21
        dd) Intermediate conclusion
    2. 2. Political debates, controversies and proceedings at the national level
    3. 3. Issues on which the Court has already ruled in its jurisprudence
    4. 4. Abstract speculations without a foreseeable application to specific situations
  3. 1. 1. a) Requests by the Commission relating to a dispute with states
      2. b) Requests by states relating to a dispute with the Commission
      3. c) Requests by the Commission relating to petitions pending before it
      4. d) Requests by states relating to petitions pending before the Commission
      5. e) Requests related to conflicts between states
    2. 2. Political debates, controversies and proceedings at the national level
    3. 3. Issues on which the Court has already ruled in its jurisprudence
    4. 4. Abstract speculations without a foreseeable application to specific situations
  4. IV. Concluding summary
4. D. Composition of the Court in advisory proceedings
5. E. Written proceedings
6. F. Role of amici
7. G. Public hearing
8. H. Delivery and publication of the final advisory opinion
9. I. Average length of the advisory proceedings
10. 1. I. Exclusion of national judges
  2. II. Separate decision on jurisdiction and admissibility / preliminary objections
  3. III. Accelerated procedure
  4. IV. Creation of a preliminary ruling procedure
11. K. Conclusion
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1. 1. I. Permanent Court of International Justice
  2. II. International Court of Justice
  3. III. Intermediate conclusion
2. 1. I. Legal nature and effects of the advisory opinions as conceived by the constituent instruments
  2. 1. 1. Origins and foundation of the doctrine
    2. 2. Legal basis of the doctrine
    3. 1. a) Case of Aguado-Alfaro: Ex officio exercise within the spheres of competence
      2. b) Case of Boyce et al.: Conventionality control includes constitutional norms
      3. c) Case of Radilla Pacheco: Duty of consistent interpretation
      4. d) Case of Cabrera García and Montiel Flores: Extension on all state authorities
      5. e) Extension of the control on all human rights treaties
      6. f) Gelman case: Conventionality control and the binding effects of the Court’s decisions
      7. g) OC-21/14: Inclusion of advisory opinions in the material controlante
    4. 4. Summary and conclusion
  3. 1. 1. Early years
    2. 2. Acknowledgment of “undeniable legal effects”
    3. 3. Inclusion of advisory opinions in the doctrine of conventionality control
    4. 4. Evaluation and intermediate conclusion
  4. 1. 1. a) Views held before the advisory opinions’ inclusion in the doctrine of conventionality control
      2. b) Contemporary voices
      3. c) Evaluation and intermediate conclusion
    2. 1. aa) Faúndez Ledesma
        bb) Salvioli
        cc) Roa
        dd) Zelada
      2. aa) Costa Rica
        bb) Ecuador
        cc) Peru
      3. c. Evaluation and intermediate conclusion
    3. 1. a) Res interpretata versus res judicata
      2. b) Legal basis and the applicability of res interpretata to advisory opinions
      3. c) Formation of res interpretata
      4. aa) Arguments against the strict understanding of res interpretata
        bb) Problems of a too lax understanding of res interpretata
        cc) Suggested understanding of res interpretata
      5. e) Res interpretata and the asymmetries in the inter-American human rights system
      6. f) Evaluation and intermediate conclusion
3. C. Final summary and conclusion
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1. A. Present
2. B. Future
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1. 1. Advisory opinions
  2. Contentious cases
  3. Orders/Resolutions of the Court
  4. Requests for advisory opinions
2. B. IACHR
3. 1. Advisory opinions
  2. Contentious cases
4. 1. Advisory opinions
  2. Contentious cases
5. 1. Advisory opinions
  2. Contentious cases
6. F. AfrCtHPR
7. G. CJEU
8. H. ICTY
9. I. Special Court for Sierra Leone
10. J. ITLOS
11. K. Arbitral awards
12. 1. Chile
  2. Colombia
  3. Costa Rica
  4. Ecuador
  5. Germany
  6. Mexico
  7. Peru
  8. United States of America
BibliographyPages 451 - 466 Download chapter (PDF)
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1. 1. General publications of the Court
  2. Procedural documents from advisory proceedings before the Court
2. B. IACHR
3. C. OAS documents
4. D. Documents from Europe
5. E. League of Nations and PCIJ
6. F. United Nations and ICJ
7. G. Newspaper articles and websites
8. H. Miscellaneous