The Future of European Private Law

André Janssen; Matthias Lehmann; Reiner Schulze

doi:10.5771/9783748913078

Summary

Until a few years ago, nothing seemed impossible in terms of the further development of European Private Law. Important projects such as the Common Frame of Reference and a Common European Sales Law were discussed, even a European Civil Code seemed to be within reach. With the failure of these ideas, however, the great visions for European Private Law have become silent, which does not take away from the fact that it is nevertheless developing steadily, only in a more small-scale and fragmentary manner than originally envisioned. This book aims on the one hand to show the state of development of European Private Law in all its facets, and on the other hand to answer the question of what the acquis communautaire of the future should look like.With Contributions byEsther Arroyo Amayuelas | Wojciech Bańczyk |Christian von Bar | Luigi Buonanno | Michel Cannarsa | Olha O. Cherednychenko | Mateja Durovic | Raphaël Gellert | Michele Graziadei |Helmut Heiss |Ewoud Hondius |Geraint Howells | André Janssen | Bernhard A. Koch | Matthias Lehmann | Marco B.M. Loos | Ulrich Magnus | Pascal Pichonnaz | Katarzyna Południak-Gierz | Cristina Poncibò | Barbara Pozzo | Hans Schulte-Nölke | Reiner Schulze | Pietro Sirena | Matthias E. Storme |Fryderyk Zoll

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2023
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-7292-6
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-1307-8
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Language: English
Pages: 547
Product type: Edited Book

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 10
1. I. The Aim No access Pages 11 - 11
2. 1. 1. a) The Turning of European Legislation to Private Law No access
    2. 1. aa) European Community Private Law No access
      2. bb) Legal History No access
      3. cc) Comparative Law No access
    3. 1. aa) The Pioneers: “Principles of European Contract Law” No access
      2. bb) The Dynamics of the Acquis Communautaire No access
      3. cc) The Principles of the Existing EU Contract Law No access
      4. dd) European Tort Law No access
    4. d) Common Frame of Reference and Common European Sales Law No access
    5. e) The “New Start” No access
  2. 1. a) The “Discovery” of New or Revitalisation of “Old” Regulatory Areas No access
    2. b) The Intensification of the Degree of Harmonisation No access
    3. c) European Private Law as an Engine of Private Law Innovation No access
    4. d) Blurring and Intertwining of Public and Private Law No access
    5. e) The “Revival” of Literature on European Private Law No access
3. 1. 1. New Challenges for European Private Law No access
  2. 2. (Re)Shaping European Private Law No access
  3. 3. (Re)Drafting Principles of European Private Law No access
4. IV. Outlook No access Pages 37 - 40
1. Pascal Pichonnaz
  1. 1. 1. A few initial remarks No access
    2. 1. 2.1. Digital Sales Contract and Contract for Supply of Digital Content and Services No access
      2. 2.2. Online Platform and Rules for the Superstructure No access
      3. 2.3. Safety and liability of AI and products No access
      4. 2.4. Further projects No access
    3. 3. Reflexions on the oscillation between ius commune and domestic law No access
  2. II. What needs to be done to go further No access
  3. III. Conclusion No access
2. Ewoud Hondius
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. Un peu d’histoire No access
  3. C. The new Dutch Code No access
  4. D. Some practical issues No access
  5. E. Recodification in Western Europe No access
  6. F. An exception: Switzerland No access
  7. G. Commercial law No access
  8. H. Consumer law: help from an unexpected side No access
  9. I. Conclusion No access
3. Hans Schulte-Nolke
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. EU legislative competence No access
  3. C. Definition of private law No access
  4. D. Historical development of private law purposes No access
  5. E. Phases of EU private law No access
  6. F. Today: EU internal market private law No access
  7. G. The challenges of ‘EU IMND+ Private Law’ No access
  8. H. The future of EU private law – is it digital? No access
4. Ulrich Magnus
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. Zeitgeist and law No access
  3. 1. I. What is meant by EU private law? No access
    2. 1. 1) Creation of uniform EU law as such no aim of the EU No access
      2. 2) The case of the EU Enactments on international procedural law and international private law No access
      3. 3) The EU legislator’s attitude towards European private law No access
      4. 4) The two decades after the fall of the wall in 1989/90 No access
  4. D. What are the prospects? No access
5. Barbara Pozzo
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. 1. I. The institutional frame of linguistic diversity No access
    2. II. Linguistic diversity through the looking glass of comparative law No access
  3. 1. I. Introduction No access
    2. 1. 1. Introduction No access
      2. 2. The problem of legal terminology in EU directives No access
      3. 3. Implementing the EU terminology in the various national legal systems: a question of different legal mentalities No access
      4. 4. The initiatives taken by the European Institutions to develop a consistent terminology in the field of contract law: the Draft Common Frame of Reference No access
      5. 5. The Proposal for a Common European Sales Law (CESL) No access
      6. 6. The new Directives on Digital Content No access
  4. D. Conclusions No access
1. Reiner Schulze
  1. I. Introduction No access
  2. 1. 1. Overview No access
    2. 1. a) System of contractual rights and obligations No access
      2. b) Concept of contract No access
      3. c) Trade in digital products and goods with digital elements No access
    3. 3. Outlines of the Change No access
    4. 4. Effects in National Laws No access
  3. III. Tort law No access
  4. 1. 1. A Separate Block of “Digital Law”? No access
    2. 1. a) Increasing Importance of EU Private Law No access
      2. b) Impact on National Codifications No access
  5. V. Conclusions No access
2. Raphael Gellert, Andre Janssen
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. 1. I. The properties of AI and other emerging digital technologies No access
    2. II. Challenges for tort law in general No access
    3. III. Challenges to EU tort law: the actual Product Liability Directive No access
  3. 1. I. First route: a new EU tort liability regime for AI No access
    2. II. The revision of the PLD No access
    3. III. Options for reform No access
  4. 1. I. General overview of the proposed Directives No access
    2. II. Material scope: defect versus fault No access
    3. III. Personal scope: provider and user versus producer/economic operator No access
  5. 1. I. Overlapping material scope: alternative application instead of cumulative No access
    2. II. Personal scope: (in)distinction between user and manufacturer? No access
  6. F. Beyond the frictions: added value of two separate instruments No access
  7. G. Conclusion No access
3. Fryderyk Zoll, Katarzyna Południak-Gierz, Wojciech Bańczyk
  1. A. Public aims in private law No access
  2. B. Actio popularis in protecting the environment – private law beyond the protection of individual interests No access
  3. 1. I. Conformity with the contract No access
    2. II. The remedies No access
  4. D. Outside the Sales Directive: the Right to Withdraw and the circular paradox of the internal market No access
  5. 1. I. Revision of Directive 2019/771 No access
    2. II. The granular approach No access
  6. F. Conclusion No access
4. Matthias Lehmann
  1. 1. I. The Promises of Legal Tech and RegTech No access
    2. II. An Already Existing Use Case No access
    3. III. An Explanation No access
    4. IV. Limits No access
  2. B. Is Codification Outdated? No access
  3. C. Digitised Codification No access
  4. D. Conclusion No access
1. Michel Cannarsa
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. 1. I. Contract Law and Tort Law: The Comparative Law “Bonanza” No access
    2. II. Contract Law and Tort Law: The Law of the Market No access
    3. III. Europeanisation of Contract Law and Tort Law: Just a Serious Game? No access
  3. C. Contract Law and Tort Law: The Core Notions, Principles and Values to Build on No access
  4. 1. I. Fight Against Fragmentation of the Single Market No access
    2. II. A “Common Digital Law” for European Private Law No access
  5. E. Conclusion No access
2. Geraint Howells
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. Ordo-liberal market based private law No access
  3. C. Reliance on information No access
  4. D. Marketing controls No access
  5. E. Restriction on pacta sunt servanda No access
  6. F. Mandatory liability rules No access
  7. G. Controls on terms No access
  8. H. Incremental remedies No access
  9. I. Blurring of public and private No access
  10. J. Collective dimension No access
  11. K. Cross-border dimension No access
  12. L. Role of consumer law in shaping EU private law No access
  13. M. Something for the future – greening private law No access
3. Christian von Bar
  1. A. Property Law No access
  2. 1. I. Notion No access
    2. II. A Triangle No access
  3. 1. I. Things and numerus clausus No access
    2. II. Objects, Objects of Legal Transactions, and Things No access
    3. III. Real Things and Normative Things No access
  4. D. Things and Rights No access
4. Helmut Heiss
  1. A. Introductory Remarks No access
  2. 1. 1. 1. No Fundamental Distinction between Public and Private Law No access
      2. 2. Distinction Made in Specific Contexts No access
      3. 3. Classification of Union Law by Member States No access
      4. 4. Hybrid or Mixed Rules No access
    2. 1. 1. Europe-wide Distinction No access
      2. 2. The Fading Distinction: Regulatory Private Law No access
      3. 3. Publification of Private Law or Privatisation of Public Law – A Question of Perspective No access
  3. 1. 1. 1. General Remarks No access
      2. 2. “Mutation” Model: Safeguarding an Informed Choice by the Policyholder No access
      3. 3. “Pendulum” Model: Protection against Unfair Terms No access
      4. 4. Model of “Direct Effect”: Supervisory Rules with Effect on the Contractual Relationship No access
      5. a. Private International Law Issues No access
        b. Constitutional Limits No access
    2. 1. 1. General Remarks No access
      2. 2. Models of Co-existence: Personal Insurance No access
      3. 3. Exclusionary Models: From Insurance of Buildings to Modern Public/Private Insurance Schemes No access
      4. a. Role Model: Motor Vehicle Liability Insurance No access
        b. Other Types of Compulsory Liability Insurance No access
        c. The Legitimacy of the “Publification” of Liability Insurance No access
    3. 1. 1. Differentiation as a Basic Element of Private Insurance No access
      2. 2. Prohibition to Differentiate Depending on the Sex of the Insured No access
      3. 4. The Public/Private Law Divide No access
  4. D. Conclusions No access
5. Michele Graziadei
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. A heckered History: Foundations and the Law of Non-profit Organisations in the Union No access
  3. C. The Proposal for a European Foundation: Anatomy of a Failure No access
  4. D. Recent Initiatives Favouring a Functional Approach to European Legislation on Non-profit Organisations No access
  5. E. Conclusions No access
1. Pietro Sirena
  1. A. ‘Legal pluralism’ v. ‘Legal positivism’ No access
  2. B. ‘Ius commune europaeum’ v. ‘Ius communitatis’ No access
  3. C. General doctrines of European private law and their prescriptive nature No access
2. Matthias E. Storme
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. 1. I. Heterogeneity (in preferences, situations) and homogeneity bonus No access
    2. II. More possibilities to restrict rent seeking No access
    3. III. Better use of and creation of knowledge No access
    4. IV. Pressure to learn, innovate and adapt No access
  3. 1. I. Economies of scale No access
    2. II. Barriers of trade No access
    3. III. Negative interjurisdictional spillovers No access
  4. D. Summary of the actual situation in the EU and its evaluation No access
  5. E. An alternative No access
3. Luigi Buonanno
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. The role of comparative law for European private aw: the case of general principles No access
  3. C. The tacit role of comparison in CJEU judgments and the need for comparative references in the Advocate General’s opinions No access
  4. D. The mandatory comparative remarks of the Advocate General No access
  5. E. European private law and the multilevel dimension of comparative assessment. No access
  6. F. The fit-for-purpose criterion for the election of principles in the multi-level comparative assessment No access
  7. G. Conclusion No access
1. Marco B.M. Loos
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. 1. I. Regulations and directives No access
    2. II. Full and minimum harmonization No access
    3. III. Justification for harmonization of contract law? No access
  3. C. Targeted full harmonization as the way out? No access
  4. D. Targeted harmonization 2.0? No access
  5. E. Concluding remarks No access
2. Cristina Poncibo
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. B. Contract Law and the Equality in the EU No access
  3. C. The Principles of Anti-discrimination in EU Contract Law No access
  4. D. The Principle of Anti-discrimination in EU contract law – an unfinished change No access
  5. E. The Challenge of Substantial Equality in EU Contract Law No access
  6. F. The doctrine of unfair terms in consumer contracts: between the goals of fairness and substantial equality No access
  7. G. Equality in the Age of Algorithmic Contracting No access
  8. H. Conclusion No access
3. Olha O. Cherednychenko
  1. 1. Introduction No access
  2. 1. 2.1 National private law as a state-backed bastion of interpersonal justice No access
    2. 2.2 European private law as a subset of market regulation beyond the nation-state No access
    3. 2.3 Conflicting values at stake No access
  3. 1. 3.1 Characteristics No access
    2. 3.2 Manifestations No access
    3. 3.3 Implications No access
  4. 1. 4.1 Characteristics No access
    2. 4.2 Manifestations No access
    3. 4.3 Implications No access
  5. 1. 5.1 Characteristics No access
    2. 5.2 Manifestations No access
    3. 5.3 Implications No access
  6. 6. The way forward No access
1. Mateja Durovic
  1. A. Introduction: The PECL and attempts to harmonise private laws in the European Union No access
  2. B. The relevance and implications of PECL No access
  3. C. Redrafted PECL for the 21st century No access
  4. D. Consumer law as the most successful example for Europeanisation No access
  5. 1. I. EU law developments in sales of digital content and digital transactions No access
    2. II. Platformisation and European contract law No access
    3. III. New framework on Artificial Intelligence No access
    4. IV. Blockchain, smart contracts and a European response No access
  6. F. Brexit as new hope for the European Civil Code? No access
  7. G. Conclusion No access
2. Bernhard A. Koch
  1. 1. I. The Principles of European Tort Law No access
    2. II. The European Group on Tort Law then and now No access
  2. 1. 1. 1. Prescription No access
      2. 2. Defences No access
      3. 3. Borderlines to other areas of the law No access
      4. 4. Special instances of liability No access
      5. 5. Remedies No access
    2. 1. 1. Strict liability in general No access
      2. 2. Liability for emerging digital technologies in particular No access
  3. C. Outlook No access
3. Esther Arroyo Amayuelas
  1. A. Introduction No access
  2. 1. I. A Contract Law for Consumers and Businesses No access
    2. 1. 1. The emergence of platforms: how to define them? No access
      2. 2. The importance of having a contract No access
      3. 3. Accessibility and continuity as features of digital elements No access
      4. a) Personal data as consideration No access
        b) On mixed contracts No access
        aa) Unequal formulations No access
        bb) The waiving of some objective conformity requirements No access
        cc) The duration period for updates No access
        dd) Unilateral modification of the contract No access
    3. III. Does the effet utile of the directives require the consumer's expectations to be specified? No access
    4. IV. What role should national law play in the creation of the ACQP? On the liability of platforms No access
  3. C. Final remarks No access