Angriff auf Friedensmissionen

Dr. Lina Rolffs

doi:10.5771/9783845292823

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Angriff auf Friedensmissionen

Eine Untersuchung des völkerstrafrechtlichen Tatbestands

Authors:
Series:: Kölner Schriften zum Friedenssicherungsrecht - Cologne Studies on International Peace and Security Law - Études colonaises sur le droit de la paix et de la sécurité internationale, Volume 8
Publisher:: 25.09.2018

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Bibliographic data

Publication year: 2018
Publication date: 25.09.2018
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-5078-8
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-9282-3
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Kölner Schriften zum Friedenssicherungsrecht - Cologne Studies on International Peace and Security Law - Études colonaises sur le droit de la paix et de la sécurité internationale
Volume: 8
Language: German
Pages: 362
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 14
Einleitung No access Pages 15 - 19
1. 1. I. Anfänge No access
  2. 1. 1. a) Entstehungsgeschichte No access
      2. „operation for the purpose of maintaining or restoring international peace and security“ No access
        „established by the competent organ of the United Nations in accordance with the UN Charter“ No access
        „conducted under United Nations authority and control“ No access
        β) Ausschluss vom Anwendungsbereich nach Art. 2 Abs. 2 No access
        γ) Geschützte individuelle Personen No access
        (ii) Tathandlungen No access
        (iii) Innere Tatseite No access
      3. c) Kaum nationale Umsetzung No access
      4. d) Bewertung der Safety Convention No access
    2. 1. a) Tatbestand No access
      2. b) Umsetzung über nationale Gerichte No access
      3. c) Bewertung des Draft Code No access
  3. 1. 1. Aufnahme und Ausgestaltung des Tatbestands im IStGH-Statut No access
    2. 2. Nationale Umsetzung No access
  4. 1. 1. Entstehung des Sondergerichtshofes No access
    2. 2. Tatbestand No access
    3. 3. Bewertung No access
2. 1. 1. 1. Feststellungen zum Sachverhalt No access
    2. 1. (i) Taugliches Tatobjekt No access
        (ii) Ausgedehnter oder systematischer Angriff auf die Zivilbevölkerung No access
        (iii) Individuelle (Vorgesetzten-) Verantwortlichkeit No access
      2. (i) Taugliches Tatobjekt No access
        (ii) Zusammenhang der Tat mit einem nicht-internationalen Konflikt No access
    3. 1. (i) Taugliches Tatobjekt No access
        (ii) Ausgedehnter oder systematischer Angriff auf die Zivilbevölkerung No access
      2. (i) Taugliches Tatobjekt No access
        (ii) Zusammenhang der Tat mit einem nicht-internationalen bewaffneten Konflikt No access
      3. c) Individuelle (Vorgesetzten-)Verantwortlichkeit No access
      4. d) Strafzumessung No access
  2. 1. 1. Sachverhalt No access
    2. 2. Allgemeine Bemerkungen zum Tatbestand des Angriffs auf Friedensmissionen No access
    3. 1. a) Bewaffneter Konflikt, nicht-internationaler Charakter und Zusammenhang mit den Einzeltaten No access
      2. b) Definition der Friedensmission No access
      3. c) Schutz, der Zivilpersonen nach humanitärem Völkerrecht gewährt wird No access
      4. d) Angriff No access
      5. e) Keine Erörterung des Angriffs auf Objekte No access
    4. 4. Tatbestand der Geiselnahme als Kriegsverbrechen No access
  3. 1. 1. Sachverhalt No access
    2. 1. a) Bewaffneter Konflikt No access
      2. (i) Angriffsbegriff der Zusatzprotokolle der Genfer Konventionen No access
        (ii) Kausalitätserfordernis No access
        (iii) Im konkreten Fall No access
      3. c) Begriff der Friedensmission No access
      4. d) In Übereinstimmung der UN-Charta No access
      5. (i) Personal No access
        (ii) Objekte No access
      6. f) Innere Tatseite No access
    3. 3. Rechtliche Würdigung im Banda-Fall No access
  4. 1. 1. Feststellungen zum Sachverhalt No access
    2. 2. Rechtliche Würdigung No access
    3. 3. Bewertung No access
3. 1. I. Gewohnheitsrechtlicher Status der Strafbarkeit No access
  2. II. Ausgestaltung No access
1. 1. 1. 1. Merkmale des internationalen bewaffneten Konflikts No access
    2. 1. a) Internationalisierung durch Zurechnung nicht-staatlicher Akteure No access
      2. b) Internationalisierung durch Friedensmission? No access
    3. 3. Besatzung No access
  2. 1. 1. Grundlagen No access
    2. 1. a) Organisierte Gruppen No access
      2. b) Dauer und Intensität der bewaffneten Gewalt No access
  3. III. Örtliche und zeitliche Ausdehnung des „Konflikts“ No access
  4. 1. 1. Erfordernis der inneren Tatseite No access
    2. 1. (i) Verbrechenselemente als Abweichung von Art. 30 IStGH-Statut? No access
        (ii) Reine Tatsachenkenntnis als Widerspruch zum IStGH-Statut? No access
      2. b) Innere Tatseite des Kontextelements bewaffneter Konflikt No access
2. 1. 1. 1. Rechtsprechung der Ad-hoc-Tribunale No access
    2. 2. Objektive oder subjektive Bestimmung des Nexus No access
  2. II. Nexus bei Angriff auf Friedensmissionen No access
  3. 1. 1. Erfordernis der inneren Tatseite No access
    2. 2. Anforderungen an die innere Tatseite No access
3. 1. I. Begrifflichkeiten No access
  2. II. Quellen für die Begriffsbestimmung No access
  3. 1. 1. Entwicklung der Friedensmission in der Geschichte der Vereinten Nationen No access
    2. 1. α) Territorialstaat No access
        β) Andere, insbesondere nicht-staatliche Konfliktparteien No access
        α) Anfängliche Zustimmung No access
        β) Zustimmung bei laufender Mission und zu Mandatsänderungen No access
        (iii) Zwischenergebnis zur Zustimmung No access
      2. (i) Entwicklung des Prinzips der Unparteilichkeit No access
        (ii) Praxis der Vereinten Nationen No access
        (iii) Zwischenergebnis zur Unparteilichkeit No access
      3. (i) Entwicklung des Prinzips der Gewaltlosigkeit No access
        α) Dogmatische Grundlage: zwischen individueller Notwehr und völkerrechtlicher Verteidigung No access
        Verteidigungslage No access
        Verteidigungshandlung No access
        Geschützter Personenkreis No access
        (iii) Verteidigung des Mandats No access
        (iv) Schutz von Zivilisten No access
        (v) Zwischenergebnis zur Gewaltlosigkeit No access
      4. d) Zwischenergebnis zu den „fundamental principles“ als konstitutive Merkmale No access
    3. 1. (i) Friedensbezug No access
        (ii) Zivilistenschutz No access
      2. b) Zusammensetzung No access
      3. α) Rolle regionaler Organisationen No access
        β) Anforderungen an potentielle Entsendeorganisationen No access
        γ) Kein UN-Mandat erforderlich No access
        (ii) Kommando und Kontrolle No access
    4. 4. Zwischenergebnis No access
  4. 1. 1. Bestimmtheitsanforderungen im Völkerstrafrecht No access
    2. 2. Keine hinreichende Bestimmtheit anhand der Diskussion zu den „fundamental principles“ No access
    3. 3. Vorschlag einer (weiten) völkerstrafrechtlichen Definition der Friedensmission No access
    4. 1. a) Personen No access
      2. b) Objekte No access
  5. V. In Übereinstimmung mit der UN-Charta No access
  6. VI. Innere Tatseite No access
4. 1. 1. 1. a) Streitkraft? No access
      2. b) Konfliktpartei? No access
    2. 1. a) Unmittelbare Beteiligung an Kampfhandlungen No access
      2. b) Anwendung auf Friedensmissionen No access
    3. 3. Zwischenergebnis zum Schutzanspruch von Zivilpersonen No access
  2. 1. 1. Internationaler Konflikt No access
    2. 2. Nicht-internationaler Konflikt No access
  3. III. Innere Tatseite No access
5. 1. 1. 1. (i) Rechtsgut „Person“ No access
        (ii) Rechtsgut „Freiheit“ No access
        (iii) Art des Eingriffs No access
      2. b) Angriff auf Objekte No access
    2. 1. (i) Auch Defensivakte No access
        (ii) Gegner No access
        (iii) Gewaltanwendung No access
        (iv) Erforderlichkeit einer schweren Folge No access
      2. b) Übertragung ins Völkerstrafrecht No access
    3. 1. a) Bisherige Rechtsprechung und Literatur No access
      2. (i) Ausgangsbegriff Art. 49 Abs. 1 ZP I No access
        (ii) Aber: abweichende Auslegung der einzelnen Merkmale No access
        (iii) Gewaltanwendung gegen den Gegner No access
        (iv) Folgen, Kausalität und Vollendung No access
        (v) Zwischenergebnis No access
  2. 1. 1. Angriff No access
    2. 2. Angriffsobjekt No access
1. 1. 1. 1. Raum für Notwehr bei Tatbestandsmäßigkeit? No access
    2. 1. a) „unmittelbar drohende Anwendung von Gewalt“ No access
      2. b) Geschützte Rechtsgüter No access
      3. c) Rechtswidrigkeit der Gewaltanwendung No access
      4. d) Verbleibender Anwendungsbereich der Notwehrlage No access
    3. 3. Notwehrhandlung No access
    4. 4. Subjektives Element No access
  2. 1. 1. Tatsachenirrtum No access
    2. 2. Rechtsirrtum No access
  3. III. Völkerrechtsquellen außerhalb des Statuts No access
2. 1. I. Vorbemerkung zu Konkurrenzen im Völkerstrafrecht No access
  2. 1. 1. Angriff auf Personen No access
    2. 2. Angriff auf Objekte im internationalen Konflikt No access
    3. 3. Angriff auf Objekte im nicht-internationalen Konflikt No access
  3. III. Ergebnis No access
Schlussbemerkungen mit Thesen No access Pages 337 - 342
1. Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das ehemalige Jugoslawien – International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia No access
Literaturverzeichnis No access Pages 349 - 362

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