The Responsibility to Protect (R2P)

Dr. Félicité Akonkwa Mugombozi

doi:10.5771/9783748965978

Summary

This study analyzes the implementation of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and the challenges of applying IHL in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It examines the Force Intervention Brigade’s role under R2P, the attribution of IHL violations among the UN, troop-contributing states, and the DRC, as well as available remedies for victims. A key contribution is the interpretation of UN Security Council Resolution 2098, which created the Brigade within MONUSCO and supports all three R2P pillars. The book also explores reparation mechanisms, proposing innovations such as a victim compensation fund that links reparation with prevention and post-conflict reconstruction as central to R2P.

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Bibliographic data

Publication year: 2025
Publication date: 25.11.2025
ISBN-Print: 978-3-7560-3534-2
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-6597-8
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Leipziger Schriften zum Völkerrecht, Europarecht und ausländischen öffentlichen Recht
Volume: 26
Language: English
Pages: 256
Product type: Book Titles

1. Abstract No access
2. Acknowledgements No access
3. Abbreviations No access
4. Table of Legal Instruments No access
5. Table of Cases No access
6. Table of United Nations Resolutions and Documents No access
1. 1. Background to the Problem No access
2. 2. Legal Implications No access
3. 3. Research Methodology No access
4. 4. Organisational Lay Out No access
1. 1. 1. A. Background of the R2P No access
    2. B. Definition of R2P No access
  2. 2. Legal status of R2P No access
  3. 1. A. The “duty” to prevent No access
    2. B. The “duty” to react No access
    3. C. The “duty” to rebuild No access
  4. 1. A. Analysis by origin and legal nature of IHL and R2P No access
    2. B. States’ obligations under IHL and R2P No access
    3. C. Applicability of IHL and R2P No access
2. 1. 1. A. War crimes No access
    2. B. Crimes against humanity No access
    3. C. Ethnic cleansing No access
    4. D. Genocide No access
  2. 2. The “Duty” of DR Congo under Responsibility to Protect No access
  3. 1. A. Regional intervention No access
    2. B. The Intervention of the European Union (EU) No access
    3. C. United Nations’ intervention No access
  4. 1. A. Background to the Resolution 2098 No access
    2. B. Scope of Resolution 2098 No access
    3. C. Resolution 2098: “R2P measure” or “robust peacekeeping mandate”? No access
    4. D. Implementation of the Resolution 2098 No access
1. 1. 1. Qualification of the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo No access
  2. 2. Legal consequences of applicability of IHL to the implementation of resolution 2098 No access
  3. 3. International Humanitarian Law violations during the implementation of R2P in DR Congo No access
2. 1. 1. A. Basis of International Responsibility for violations of IHL No access
    2. B. Attribution of an IHL violation committed by the Brigade to the United Nations. No access
  2. 1. A. Basis of concurrent responsibility between the United Nations, Troops Contributing Countries and the host country for violations of IHL No access
    2. B. Mechanisms for sharing responsibility between entities for IHL violations committed during the implementation of resolution 2098 No access
    3. C. The specific responsibility of entities involved in the implementation of resolution 2098. No access
  3. 3. Individual international criminal responsibility for IHL violations during the R2P implementation No access
3. 1. 1. 1. i. Mechanisms provided for under Public International Law No access
      2. ii. Mechanisms under International Criminal Law No access
    2. 1. i. Jurisdiction of the Troops Contributing States and the DRC No access
      2. ii. The jurisdiction of other Courts: Universal Jurisdiction No access
  2. 2. Non-judicial Mechanisms for violations of International Humanitarian Law No access
4. Conclusion No access
1. Books No access
2. Articles and Book Chapters No access
3. Reports No access
4. Thesis No access