Investment Protection, Human Rights, and International Arbitration in Extraordinary Times

Jun.-Prof. Dr. Julian Scheu LL.M.; Prof. Dr. Dr. Rainer Hofmann; Prof. Dr. Stephan W. Schill LL.M.; Prof. Dr. Christian J. Tams LL.M.

doi:10.5771/9783748914068

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2022
Publication date: 11.08.2022
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-7405-0
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-1406-8
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Schriften zur Europäischen Integration und Internationalen Wirtschaftsordnung
Volume: 61
Language: English
Pages: 435
Product type: Edited Book

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 18
Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
1. I. An Uneasy Relationship No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
2. II. Regime Interaction at the Macro-Level: Conceptual Difference and Complementarity No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
3. III. The Limits of Macro Perspectives No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
4. Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
  1. Part 1: Business and Human Rights Arbitration No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
  2. Part 2: Human Rights in International Investment Agreements No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
  3. Part 3: Specific Conflicts between Investment Law and Human Rights No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
  4. Part 4: African Perspectives on International Investment Law and Human Rights No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
  5. Part 5: International Investment Law and Human Rights in the Era of COVID-19 No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
5. V. Outlook No access Julian Scheu, Rainer Hofmann, Stephan W. Schill, Christian J. Tams
1. Anne van Aaken
  1. I. Introduction No access Anne van Aaken
  2. Anne van Aaken
    1. Anne van Aaken
      1. 1. Soft Law No access Anne van Aaken
      2. 2. UN Treaty on Business and Human Rights No access Anne van Aaken
      3. 3. Human Rights Courts No access Anne van Aaken
      4. Anne van Aaken
        a) Treaty Drafting No access Anne van Aaken
        b) IIAs Potential for Including Human Rights in Interpretation No access Anne van Aaken
        c) Remedies Gap in Investment Law No access Anne van Aaken
    2. B. National (Soft) Law and Procedures No access Anne van Aaken
  3. Anne van Aaken
    1. A. Context of the BHRA Rules No access Anne van Aaken
    2. B. Content of the BHRA Rules No access Anne van Aaken
    3. C. The Use of BHRA or Which Gaps Can Be Filled? No access Anne van Aaken
    4. D. Problems and Limitations No access Anne van Aaken
  4. IV. Outlook: No Panacea, But Piecemeal Approach No access Anne van Aaken
2. Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
  1. I. Introduction No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
  2. II. The Business and Human Rights Framework No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
  3. III. Business and Human Rights Arbitration: The Drafting of the Hague Rules No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
  4. Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
    1. A. Flexibility Comes First: Urbaser v. Argentina No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
    2. B. The Problem of Identity: South American Silver v. Bolivia No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
    3. C. Room to Grow: Copper Mesa v. Ecuador No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
  5. V. Conclusion No access Juan Ignacio Massun, Gustavo Becker
1. Barnali Choudhury
  1. I. Introduction No access Barnali Choudhury
  2. II. The Human Rights Responsibilities of Business No access Barnali Choudhury
  3. Barnali Choudhury
    1. A. The Disconnect Between International Investment Law and Human Rights No access Barnali Choudhury
    2. B. Risks Posed by Investment Arbitration and Investor-State Contract to Human Rights No access Barnali Choudhury
  4. Barnali Choudhury
    1. Barnali Choudhury
      1. 1. Preambles, Objectives, and Commitments No access Barnali Choudhury
      2. 2. Exceptions and Carve-Outs No access Barnali Choudhury
      3. 3. Investor Obligations No access Barnali Choudhury
    2. B. Human Rights-Related Provisions in Investment Treaties No access Barnali Choudhury
    3. B. Human Rights Provisions in Investor-State Contracts No access Barnali Choudhury
    4. C. Other Sources of Human Rights and Human Rights-Related Issues No access Barnali Choudhury
  5. Barnali Choudhury
    1. A. The Utility of Human Rights Provisions for State Regulatory Sovereignty No access Barnali Choudhury
    2. B. The Utility of Human Rights Provisions for Investor Obligations No access Barnali Choudhury
    3. C. Utility through Contextual Interpretations No access Barnali Choudhury
  6. VI. Conclusion No access Barnali Choudhury
2. Filip Balcerzak
  1. I. Introduction No access Filip Balcerzak
  2. II. Model Situations When Human Rights Are Relevant to Investor-State Arbitration No access Filip Balcerzak
  3. III. Jurisdiction and Admissibility in Treaty-Based Arbitrations - Types of Jurisdictional Clauses No access Filip Balcerzak
  4. Filip Balcerzak
    1. A. Wide Jurisdictional Clauses No access Filip Balcerzak
    2. B. Standard and Narrow Jurisdictional Clauses No access Filip Balcerzak
    3. C. Summary No access Filip Balcerzak
  5. Filip Balcerzak
    1. A. Link to a Claim No access Filip Balcerzak
    2. B. Counterclaims No access Filip Balcerzak
    3. C. Legality Clause No access Filip Balcerzak
  6. VI. Conclusions No access Filip Balcerzak
3. Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
  1. I. Introduction No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
  2. II. EU-China Economic Relations No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
  3. Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    1. A. Objective and Structure No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    2. Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      1. 1. Market Access No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      2. 2. Performance Requirements No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      3. 3. State-Owned Enterprises No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      4. 4. National Treatment and Most Favoured Nation Treatment No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      5. 5. Nationality Requirements, Entry and Stay of Natural Persons No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      6. 6. Non-Conforming Measures No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    3. Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      1. 1. Domestic Regulation No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      2. 2. Transparency No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
      3. 3. Financial Services No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    4. D. The General Dispute Settlement and Enforcement Mechanisms No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    5. E. Final Provisions No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
  4. Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    1. A. The Context No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    2. B. Structure and General Provisions No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    3. C. Investment and Environment No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    4. D. Public Participation in Matters of Sustainable Development No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    5. E. Investment and Labour No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
    6. F. A Special Dispute Settlement Procedure for Sustainable Development Matters No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
  5. V. The Special Case of Human Rights No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
  6. VI. Conclusion No access Peter-Tobias Stoll, Malte Gutt
1. Edward Guntrip
  1. I. Introduction No access Edward Guntrip
  2. II. Case Study: Rubber Plantations in Cambodia No access Edward Guntrip
  3. Edward Guntrip
    1. A. The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights No access Edward Guntrip
    2. B. Pillar 1 – The State Duty to Protect Human Rights No access Edward Guntrip
    3. C. Pillar 2 – The Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights No access Edward Guntrip
    4. D. Pillar 3 – The Right to a Remedy No access Edward Guntrip
    5. E. The Significance of Domestic Human Rights Frameworks No access Edward Guntrip
  4. IV. Conclusion No access Edward Guntrip
2. Christina Binder
  1. I. Introduction No access Christina Binder
  2. II. Tensions between International Investment Law and Indigenous Peoples’ Rights? The Human Rights Perspective No access Christina Binder
  3. III. Tensions between International Investment Law and Indigenous Peoples’ Rights? The Investment Protection Perspective No access Christina Binder
  4. Christina Binder
    1. Christina Binder
      1. 1. Jurisdictional Clause No access Christina Binder
      2. 2. Legality Requirements No access Christina Binder
      3. 3. Mandatory ex ante Human Rights/Cultural Impact Assessments? No access Christina Binder
      4. 4. Standards: Applicable Law No access Christina Binder
      5. 5. Further Going References to Indigenous Rights in IIAs No access Christina Binder
      6. 6. Cultural Exception Clauses No access Christina Binder
    2. Christina Binder
      1. 1. Treaty Interpretation and Margin of Appreciation Doctrine No access Christina Binder
      2. 2. Implicit Legality Requirements through Interpretation No access Christina Binder
      3. 3. Calculation of Compensation or Damages No access Christina Binder
      4. 4. Amicus Curiae Participation of Indigenous Peoples No access Christina Binder
    3. Christina Binder
      1. 1. Memorials by States Parties No access Christina Binder
      2. 2. Counterclaims No access Christina Binder
      3. 3. Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness: the Necessity Defence No access Christina Binder
    4. D. Résumé No access Christina Binder
  5. V. Concluding Appreciation No access Christina Binder
3. Henner Gött
  1. I. Introduction No access Henner Gött
  2. Henner Gött
    1. A. ILO Labour Standards – A Brief Introduction No access Henner Gött
    2. B. The Intrinsic Connection Between ILO Labour Standards and Tripartism No access Henner Gött
  3. Henner Gött
    1. A. Lowering of Labour Protection in Host States in the Context of Establishment No access Henner Gött
    2. B. Invocation of Investor Rights Against Labour-Related Measures in the Context of Investment Arbitration No access Henner Gött
    3. C. Implications for Tripartite Social Dialogue No access Henner Gött
    4. D. Investment Law and ILO Labour Standards: A Complex Relationship No access Henner Gött
  4. Henner Gött
    1. A. The Indeterminacy of Pertinent Treaties No access Henner Gött
    2. Henner Gött
      1. 1. International Law’s ‘Defragmentation Techniques’ No access Henner Gött
      2. 2. The Prevalence of (the ILO’s) Organizational Rules on Treaties (Art. 5 VCLT) No access Henner Gött
      3. 3. Defragmentation and ‘Tripartite Ownership’ Over ILO Labour Standards No access Henner Gött
  5. Henner Gött
    1. A. Building Blocks in Investment Law No access Henner Gött
    2. B. Possible Contributions by the ILO and Its Member States No access Henner Gött
    3. C. Enhanced Inter-Institutional Cooperation No access Henner Gött
    4. D. Considering Transnational Options No access Henner Gött
  6. VI. Conclusion No access Henner Gött
1. Anna Hankings-Evans
  1. I. Introduction No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  2. II. A Brief Overview of Africa’s Historic Role in the Shaping of International Investment Law No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  3. III. The Notion of Development as a Common Denominator of Africa’s Investment Policy No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  4. IV. Reconciling African Voices: Towards a Pan-African Investment Protocol for Sustainable Development No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  5. Anna Hankings-Evans
    1. A. Common Market of Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) No access Anna Hankings-Evans
    2. B. Southern African Development Community (SADC) No access Anna Hankings-Evans
    3. C. Economic Community of West African States’ (ECOWAS) No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  6. VI. Bilateral Approaches: The Morocco – Nigeria BIT (2016) and the Future of intra-African BITs No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  7. Anna Hankings-Evans
    1. A. Towards Liberalization: Facilitating Investment for Sustainable Recovery and Development in Ethiopia No access Anna Hankings-Evans
    2. B. Undoing Historical Wrongs: South Africa’s Radical Approach to Greater Regulatory Flexibility No access Anna Hankings-Evans
    3. C. Tanzania’s Ambivalence in Retaining State Control over Natural Resources No access Anna Hankings-Evans
  8. VIII. Concluding Remarks No access Anna Hankings-Evans
2. Tomasz Milej
  1. I. Introduction No access Tomasz Milej
  2. Tomasz Milej
    1. A. The Four Instruments: PAIC, ECOWIC, SADC FIP and the Morocco-Nigeria BIT No access Tomasz Milej
    2. B. The Role of the Right to Regulate No access Tomasz Milej
    3. C. The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard No access Tomasz Milej
    4. D. Compensation for Expropriation No access Tomasz Milej
    5. E. Backlash Against ISDS No access Tomasz Milej
    6. F. Alternatives to ISDS No access Tomasz Milej
  3. III. Global Trends No access Tomasz Milej
  4. Tomasz Milej
    1. A. Imbalance of Content No access Tomasz Milej
    2. Tomasz Milej
      1. 1. Threatening the Host State No access Tomasz Milej
      2. 2. The Costs of ISDS No access Tomasz Milej
      3. Tomasz Milej
        a) Ambiguity of Substantive Standards No access Tomasz Milej
        b) Structural Flaws of ISDS No access Tomasz Milej
    3. C. Imbalance of Power No access Tomasz Milej
    4. D. Bias Towards Big Investors No access Tomasz Milej
  5. V. Conclusions No access Tomasz Milej
1. Tillmann Rudolf Braun
  1. I. Introduction No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
  2. Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    1. A. How Can the Exercise of Police Powers Be Distinguished from an Indirect Expropriation? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    2. B. What Should Be the Focus of a Proportionality Analysis in a Global Health Emergency? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    3. C. Does the Doctrine of Police Powers Apply to All BIT Claims? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
  3. Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    1. A. If a Respondent State Invokes a Fundamental Change of Circumstances (clausula rebus sic stantibus), what Effect Does This Have on the Plea of Necessity? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    2. B. Can the Necessity Defence Be Raised Against a Non-State Actor? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    3. C. Was the Measure Taken the ‘Only Way’? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    4. D. Has the State ‘Contributed to the Situation of Necessity’? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
    5. E. What Are the Consequences of a Successful Plea of Necessity? No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
  4. IV. Conclusion No access Tillmann Rudolf Braun
2. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  1. I. Introduction No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  2. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    1. A. Potential Conflicts Between COVID-19 Measures and Investment Agreements No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    2. B. Options to Mitigate the Negative Impact of International Investment Law on COVID-19 Measures No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  3. III. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty in International Investment Law No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  4. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    1. A. Termination of Agreements No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    2. B. Unilateral Withdrawal of Consent to Arbitration No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    3. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
      1. 1. International Institute for Sustainable Development: Multilateral Agreement for Coordinated Suspension No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
      2. 2. Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment: Immediate Moratorium on All Claims No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  5. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    1. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
      1. 1. Taking Human Rights into Account when Interpreting Key Terms No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
      2. 2. Reliance on Existing Exception Clauses in Modern IIAs No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
    2. Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
      1. 1. Necessity No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
      2. 2. Human Rights as a Trump? No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  6. VI. Loyalty No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
  7. VII. Conclusion No access Martin Gronemann, Markus Krajewski
Contributors No access Pages 431 - 435