Smart Products

Prof. Dr. Sebastian Lohsse; Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Reiner Schulze; Prof. Dr. Dirk Staudenmayer

doi:10.5771/9783748929772

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2022
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-8556-8
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-2977-2
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Language: English
Pages: 246
Product type: Edited Book

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 8
1. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
  1. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    1. 1. Definition in EU law No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    2. 2. Why are smart products important for the Digital Economy? No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
  2. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    1. 1. New dimensions for European contract law No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    2. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      1. a) An innovative approach No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      2. b) Problems and regulatory gaps No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    3. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      1. a) The trader’s right to modify digital products No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      2. b) Open questions No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    4. 4. From transposition to transition No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
  3. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    1. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      1. a) Multiplicity of actors No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      2. b) Questions of user liability No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      3. c) Questions of product liability No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
    2. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      1. a) The legal novelty of autonomous contracting No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      2. Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
        aa) The European dimension No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
        bb) The international dimension No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
      3. c) Knowledge and control of the parties in autonomously concluded contracts No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
  4. IV. Conclusion No access Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer
1. Hans Schulte-Nölke
  1. I. Main thesis of this paper No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  2. II. A step by step farewell to the law of the Roman aediles No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  3. III. Obligation to update in the wording of the SGD No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  4. IV. Liability of the seller for the continuous supply of the digital content or digital service No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  5. V. Categories of subject matters of sales contracts No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  6. VI. A practical example: Smart lock No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  7. VII. Update obligations of the seller No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  8. VIII. Who is obliged to update? No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  9. IX. Digital “servitisation” of sales contracts and risk allocation to sellers No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  10. X. Effects for consumer protection No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  11. XI. Market effects of the update obligations No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
  12. XII. Conclusions No access Hans Schulte-Nölke
2. Christiane Wendehorst
  1. I. Introduction No access Christiane Wendehorst
  2. Christiane Wendehorst
    1. Christiane Wendehorst
      1. a) General aspects of the distinction No access Christiane Wendehorst
      2. b) Delimitation issues No access Christiane Wendehorst
    2. Christiane Wendehorst
      1. a) Subjective and objective requirements No access Christiane Wendehorst
      2. b) Relationship with Art 19 DCD No access Christiane Wendehorst
      3. c) Concrete actions owed by the trader No access Christiane Wendehorst
      4. d) Admissibility of forced updates? No access Christiane Wendehorst
    3. Christiane Wendehorst
      1. a) Liability for lack of conformity as a result of a failure to update No access Christiane Wendehorst
      2. b) Liability for lack of conformity resulting from an update No access Christiane Wendehorst
      3. c) Liability for damages under national law? No access Christiane Wendehorst
    4. Christiane Wendehorst
      1. a) Duration in the case of one-off supply No access Christiane Wendehorst
      2. b) Duration in the case of continuous provision over a period of time No access Christiane Wendehorst
    5. Christiane Wendehorst
      1. a) Remedies for lack of conformity No access Christiane Wendehorst
      2. b) Loss of remedies No access Christiane Wendehorst
      3. c) Qualified waiver No access Christiane Wendehorst
  3. Christiane Wendehorst
    1. Christiane Wendehorst
      1. a) Package model No access Christiane Wendehorst
      2. b) Agency model No access Christiane Wendehorst
      3. c) Warranty model No access Christiane Wendehorst
    2. 2. Solution adopted by DCD and SGD No access Christiane Wendehorst
    3. 3. Parallel obligations under end-user agreements No access Christiane Wendehorst
  4. IV. Critical evaluation No access Christiane Wendehorst
3. André Janssen
  1. I. General introduction No access André Janssen
  2. II. Relevance of Update Obligation for Smart Products No access André Janssen
  3. III. The Subjective Conformity Requirement (Express Terms) and the Update Obligation No access André Janssen
  4. André Janssen
    1. 1. Content of the Update Obligation No access André Janssen
    2. 2. Addressee of the Update Obligation No access André Janssen
    3. André Janssen
      1. a) Sales Contracts that Provide for a Single Act of Supply of Digital Content or Digital Service No access André Janssen
      2. b) Sales Contracts that Provide for Continuous Supply of Digital Content or Digital Service Over a Period of Time No access André Janssen
  5. André Janssen
    1. 1. Quality of Information No access André Janssen
    2. 2. Time at Which the Information is Made Available No access André Janssen
    3. 3. The Consumer's Failure to Install Updates under Art. 7(4) Sale of Goods Directive 2019/771 and its Applicability to Agreed Updates No access André Janssen
  6. VI. Conclusion No access André Janssen
1. Karin Sein
  1. I. Introduction No access Karin Sein
  2. II. General remarks No access Karin Sein
  3. III. What is a modification within the meaning of Article 19 DCD? No access Karin Sein
  4. Karin Sein
    1. 1. Modifications not detrimental to the consumer No access Karin Sein
    2. 2. Modifications detrimental to the consumer No access Karin Sein
  5. V. Modifications in the case of interpersonal communications services No access Karin Sein
  6. VI. Modifications in the case of goods with digital elements No access Karin Sein
  7. VII. Conclusions No access Karin Sein
2. Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  1. I. Introduction No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  2. Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    1. 1. General remarks No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    2. 2. Requirements of the right of modification according to Art. 19 DCD No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    3. 3. Contracts affected by Art. 19 DCD No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  3. Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    1. 1. Applicability of section 327r BGB to the respective modification No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    2. 2. Requirements regarding the modification clause No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    3. 3. Requirements and consequences of the consumer information No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    4. 4. Right of the consumer to terminate the contract, section 327r (3), (4) BGB No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
    5. 5. Contract design in terms and conditions No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  4. IV. Examination of contract clauses regarding the new legal provisions No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  5. V. Clause proposal considering the new legal regulations No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  6. VI. Contract design regarding the right of modification in B2B relationship No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
  7. VII. Conclusion No access Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel
1. Gerhard Wagner
  1. Gerhard Wagner
    1. 1. The Impact of Digitization No access Gerhard Wagner
    2. 2. Products Liability No access Gerhard Wagner
    3. 3. National Law No access Gerhard Wagner
  2. II. A Primer on the Scope of the Product Liability Directive No access Gerhard Wagner
  3. Gerhard Wagner
    1. 1. Fundamental Freedoms No access Gerhard Wagner
    2. 2. VAT No access Gerhard Wagner
    3. 3. Product Safety No access Gerhard Wagner
    4. 4. Contract and Commercial Law No access Gerhard Wagner
    5. 5. Conclusions and Observations No access Gerhard Wagner
  4. Gerhard Wagner
    1. 1. Methods of Interpretation No access Gerhard Wagner
    2. 2. Art. 2 of the Directive No access Gerhard Wagner
    3. 3. Movables No access Gerhard Wagner
    4. 4. Electricity No access Gerhard Wagner
    5. 5. The CJEU Decision on Printed Information No access Gerhard Wagner
    6. 6. Products vs. Services No access Gerhard Wagner
    7. 7. Software between Good and Service No access Gerhard Wagner
    8. 8. Categories of Software No access Gerhard Wagner
  5. V. Conclusion No access Gerhard Wagner
2. Georg Borges
  1. I. Change in AI systems as a challenge for product liability law No access Georg Borges
  2. Georg Borges
    1. 1. AI systems No access Georg Borges
    2. 2. AI systems as products within the meaning of product liability law No access Georg Borges
    3. 3. Machine learning and neural networks No access Georg Borges
  3. Georg Borges
    1. 1. Machine learning as part of the manufacturing process No access Georg Borges
    2. 2. Majority of manufacturing processes through training of AI systems No access Georg Borges
    3. 3. Operators of AI systems as manufacturers? Gap in product liability No access Georg Borges
  4. Georg Borges
    1. 1. Delimitations No access Georg Borges
    2. 2. Changeability as a defect of AI systems? No access Georg Borges
  5. Georg Borges
    1. 1. Strict liability for AI systems No access Georg Borges
    2. Georg Borges
      1. a) Obligation of the manufacturer to manage risks No access Georg Borges
      2. b) Monitoring obligations of the operator and manufacturer of AI systems No access Georg Borges
  6. VI. Conclusion No access Georg Borges
3. Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
  1. I. Smart Products in the Context of Product Liability Rules: the Problem No access Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
  2. Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
    1. 1. Complexity: The Ecosystem is the Product and the Product is an Ecosystem No access Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
    2. 2. Opacity, vulnerability,…and increasing autonomy No access Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
    3. 3. Openness: Smart Products as quasi ‘living beings’ No access Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
  3. III. Commercial and Technological Units: the Proposal No access Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell
1. Axel Voss
  1. Axel Voss
    1. Axel Voss
      1. 1) The political dimension No access Axel Voss
      2. 2) The legal dimension No access Axel Voss
    2. II. Closing legal gaps No access Axel Voss
    3. Axel Voss
      1. 1) Our aims No access Axel Voss
      2. 2) Adjustments to the law No access Axel Voss
    4. IV. Which AI systems are affected? No access Axel Voss
    5. V. Legal consequences of a high-risk AI system No access Axel Voss
    6. VI. Assignment to high-risk AI systems No access Axel Voss
2. Evelyne Gebhardt
  1. Evelyne Gebhhardt, Member of the European Parliament (MEP) No access Evelyne Gebhardt
3. Susanne Dehmel
  1. I. What is Artificial Intelligence? No access Susanne Dehmel
  2. II. Current regulation of Artificial Intelligence No access Susanne Dehmel
  3. Susanne Dehmel
    1. 1. Proposed extension of the product definition No access Susanne Dehmel
    2. 2. Proposed prolongation of responsibility No access Susanne Dehmel
    3. 3. Proposed extension of the scope of application to non-material damages No access Susanne Dehmel
  4. IV. Striking the delicate balance No access Susanne Dehmel
4. Jutta Gurkmann
  1. Introductory Statement of Jutta Gurkmann, Federation of German Consumer Organisations (vzbv) No access Jutta Gurkmann
5. Gerhard Schomburg
  1. I. Scope of the obligation to supply updates for ‘smart products’ No access Gerhard Schomburg
  2. II. Extension of the obligations of the producer? No access Gerhard Schomburg
6. Bernhard A. Koch
  1. Introductory Statement of Professor Bernhard A. Koch, University of Innsbruck No access Bernhard A. Koch
7. Introductory statement No access Pages 245 - 246 Jean-Sébastien Borghetti