Aggression under the Rome Statute

Andreas Zimmermann; Elisa Freiburg-Braun

doi:10.17104/9783406795312

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2022
ISBN-Print: 978-3-406-70826-8
ISBN-Online: 978-3-406-79531-2
Publisher: C.H.BECK Recht - Wirtschaft - Steuern, München
Series: Beck International
Language: English
Pages: 110
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages I - VIII
1. 1. Background No access
2. 2. The crime of aggression in the Rome Statute: an overview No access
3. 1. a) League of Nations Covenant No access
  2. b) Kellogg-Briand Pact No access
  3. c) 1933 Convention for the Definition of Aggression No access
  4. d) International Military Tribunals No access
  5. e) UN Charter No access
  6. f) UN General Assembly “Definition of Aggression” No access
  7. g) Draft Code of Crimes against the Peace and Security of Mankind No access
  8. h) Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts No access
4. 4. Structure No access
1. 1. a) Draft Code submitted by the International Law Commission No access
  2. 1. aa) Definition of the crime of aggression No access
    2. bb) Role of the UN Security Council No access
  3. c) Discussions during the Rome Conference No access
  4. 1. aa) Discussions in the framework of the Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court No access
    2. bb) Discussions in the framework of the Assembly of States Parties No access
2. 2. Developments during the Kampala Review Conference No access
3. 3. Preconditions for the exercise of the Court’s jurisdiction over the crime of aggression and the legality of the amendment No access
4. 4. Outlook No access
1. 1. The origins of the definition adopted in Kampala No access
2. 1. 1. aa) The “act” of aggression within the meaning of the UN Charter No access
    2. bb) The “acts” as contained within UN General Assembly resolution 3314 No access
  2. 1. aa) Invasion, attack, military occupation or annexation No access
    2. bb) Bombardment or use of weapons No access
    3. cc) Blockade No access
    4. dd) Attack on the land, sea or air forces, or marine and air fleets of another State No access
    5. ee) Violation of stationing agreements and unlawful extension of presence No access
    6. ff) Allowing one’s territory to be used for an act of aggression No access
    7. gg) Sending of irregular forces No access
    8. hh) Other forms of aggression not listed No access
  3. 1. aa) Preventive and pre-emptive self-defence No access
    2. bb) Self-defence against non-State actors No access
    3. cc) Humanitarian intervention/Responsibility to protect No access
    4. dd) Implicit authorizations by the UN Security Council and the “revitalization” of previous UN Security Council resolutions No access
    5. ee) Intervention upon invitation No access
    6. ff) Rescue of nationals abroad No access
3. 1. 1. aa) Planning, preparation, initiation or execution No access
    2. bb) Persons carrying out the crime of aggression No access
  2. b) “Act” of aggression as a manifest violation of the UN Charter No access
4. 1. a) Individual criminal responsibility No access
  2. b) Grounds for excluding criminal responsibility No access
  3. c) Ne bis in idem No access
  4. d) Exercise of domestic jurisdiction over the crime of aggression No access
5. 1. a) Replacing the “placeholder” on the crime of aggression No access
  2. b) Bearing on general international law No access
6. 6. Outlook No access
1. 1. Exercise of jurisdiction No access
2. 2. Jurisdiction Ratione Temporis No access
3. 1. a) Activation post-adoption of the Kampala amendments No access
  2. b) Jurisdiction ratione temporis, activation of the Court’s jurisdiction and Understanding no. 3 No access
4. 1. 1. aa) Scope ratione personae of opt-out declarations No access
    2. bb) Timing and effects ratione temporis of opt-out declarations No access
    3. cc) Breadth of declarations made No access
    4. dd) Addressee of opt-out declarations No access
  2. b) Withdrawal of opt-out declarations No access
5. 5. The de facto reversal of the opt-out option by Resolution ICC-ASP/16/Res.5 (2017) No access
6. 1. a) Interaction between the Prosecutor and the UN No access
  2. b) UN Security Council determinations of an act of aggression No access
  3. c) Lack of a determination by the UN Security Council, and the role of the Pre-Trial Division No access
  4. d) Independence of the Court No access
7. 1. a) Exercise of jurisdiction No access
  2. b) Exclusion of jurisdiction concerning non-parties No access
  3. c) Domestic jurisdiction over the crime of aggression No access
8. 8. Outlook No access
1. 1. Exercise of jurisdiction No access
2. 2. Entry into force and jurisdiction ratione temporis over the crime of aggression No access
3. 3. Independence of the Court No access
4. 4. Relationship with jurisdiction over other crimes No access
5. 5. Outlook No access
VI. Summary and Outlook: Crime of aggression and the ICC post-2018 No access Pages 95 - 98
1. 1. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (excerpts) No access
2. 2. Resolutions and understandings adopted in Kampala No access
3. 3. Resolution ICC-ASP/16/Res.5 adopted on 14 December 2017 No access
4. 4. UN General Assembly Resolution 3314 (XXIX) of 14 December 1974 on the Definition of Aggression No access