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Monographie Kein Zugriff

U.S. Emissions Trading and what it can teach us for a Post-Kyoto World

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Verlag:
 2021

Zusammenfassung

Mit einzelnen Staaten der USA, der Volksrepublik China und der Europäischen Union setzen wesentliche Emittenten CO2 Emittenten weiterhin auf Emissionshandelssysteme zur Reduzierung des CO2 Ausstoßes. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht diese Arbeit vier Emissionshandelssysteme in den USA. Hierfür werden die juristischen und ökonomischen Grundlagen des Emissionshandels ausführlich dargestellt. Anschließend werden Emissionshandelssysteme anhand hierfür definierter Kriterien sowohl aus ökonomischer als auch juristischer Sicht analysiert und die Ergebnisse in den Kontext nationalen und internationalen Rechts eingebettet. Hierfür betreibt der Autor ausführliche Grundlagenforschung durch die Aufbereitung der verfügbaren Emissions- und Handelsdaten.

Schlagworte

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Bibliographische Angaben

Copyrightjahr
2021
ISBN-Print
978-3-8487-8390-8
ISBN-Online
978-3-7489-2780-8
Verlag
Nomos, Baden-Baden
Reihe
Schriften zum Umweltenergierecht
Band
32
Sprache
Englisch
Seiten
280
Produkttyp
Monographie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

KapitelSeiten
  1. Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis Kein Zugriff 1 - 14
      1. 1. The topic Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. Research context Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Analysis of emissions trading in the United States Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Grassroots environmental regulation as a potential solution to the Kyoto shortcomings: Policy shift from Kyoto to Paris Kein Zugriff
    2. II. Methods Kein Zugriff
    3. III. Structure and contents Kein Zugriff
    4. IV. Terms Kein Zugriff
  3. B. Climate change and the necessity of regulation Kein Zugriff 26 - 30
    1. I. Global pollution as a free-rider problem Kein Zugriff
    2. II. Climate change and its international response: From UNFCCC to Kyoto and Doha Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. History of the Kyoto Protocol Kein Zugriff
        1. a. International emissions trading Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Joint implementation Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Basic framework Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. CDM economics Kein Zugriff
          3. cc. CDM as linking instrument Kein Zugriff
          4. dd. The theoretical benefits of linking in the Kyoto context Kein Zugriff
      3. 4. Why the Kyoto Protocol failed Kein Zugriff
      4. 5. Kyoto results and the Copenhagen Accord Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Basic content Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. Legal character Kein Zugriff
      3. 3. The Paris Agreement and emissions trading Kein Zugriff
      4. 4. Summary: The Paris Agreement Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Introduction to international environmental law Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. History of the Principle of Sustainable Development Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Definition Kein Zugriff
        2. b. The Principle of Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. The Precautionary Principle Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. The Principle of Prevention Kein Zugriff
          3. cc. Differentiation between the Precautionary Principle and the Principle of Prevention Kein Zugriff
        4. d. The Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities Kein Zugriff
        5. e. The concept of common heritage of mankind Kein Zugriff
        6. f. The Polluter and User Pays Principle Kein Zugriff
        7. g. The Due Diligence Principle Kein Zugriff
        8. h. The Principle of Equitable Utilization of Shared Resources Kein Zugriff
        9. i. The Liability Principle Kein Zugriff
      3. 3. Conclusion and relevance for the topic Kein Zugriff
    1. I. Basics of environmental regulation Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Command and control Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. Pigouvian taxes Kein Zugriff
        1. a. What is cap-and-trade Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Emission Reduction Credits vs. Allowances Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Externalities and social costs Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Social costs in institutional economics Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Tragedy of the commons: The prisoner’s dilemma in international pollution policy Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Understanding Coasian Bargaining Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Transaction costs Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Market power Kein Zugriff
          3. cc. Uncertainty regarding future prices Kein Zugriff
          4. dd. Conditional allowance allocations Kein Zugriff
          5. ee. Non-minimizing behavior by firms Kein Zugriff
          6. ff. Differential regulatory treatment of entities Kein Zugriff
          7. gg. Conclusion Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Takeaways from Pigou vs. Coase Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Cost-benefit analysis and pollution Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. Other economic and regulatory considerations Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Absolute and relative targets Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Strict or moving targets Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Coverage Kein Zugriff
        4. d. Upstream vs. downstream caps Kein Zugriff
        5. e. Offset credits Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Allocation method Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Free allocation vs. selling Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Avoiding overallocation—The Feasibility Principle Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Subsequent correction of overallocation Kein Zugriff
      4. 4. Emissions management period Kein Zugriff
      5. 5. Banking Kein Zugriff
      6. 6. Borrowing Kein Zugriff
      7. 7. Trading and pricing Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. One-way and two-way linkages Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. One-way linkages between cap-and-trade and credit systems Kein Zugriff
          3. cc. Indirect national trading linkage Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Linking provisions in the real world Kein Zugriff
      9. 9. Compliance Kein Zugriff
      10. 10. Emissions leakage Kein Zugriff
    6. VI. Conclusion – an efficient cap-and-trade program Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Design factors – requirements of an effective policy regime Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. Economic studies on linking as coalition forming Kein Zugriff
    8. VIII. Bottom-up and top-down as used in this thesis Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Background Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Regulatory history Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Geographical Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Covered sources Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Cap Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Allocation of allowances Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Rules Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Allowance market Kein Zugriff
          3. cc. Banking data Kein Zugriff
        5. e. Offset credits and projects Kein Zugriff
        6. f. Compliance Kein Zugriff
      3. 3. Analysis Kein Zugriff
      4. 4. Conclusion Kein Zugriff
      5. 5. The Acid Rain Program after 2010 Kein Zugriff
      6. 6. The Acid Rain Program as an example for bottom-up regulation Kein Zugriff
      7. 7. Lessons learned from the Acid Rain Program for a post-Kyoto world Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Introduction Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Geographical coverage Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Emissions management period Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Regulated sources and participants Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Baseline emissions Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Allocation basics Kein Zugriff
        1. a. General provisions on trading Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Alternative Compliance Market Account (ACMA) Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Banking Kein Zugriff
        4. d. Market efficiency Kein Zugriff
      5. 5. Offset credits and projects Kein Zugriff
      6. 6. Linking Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Data Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Explanations for the overallocation Kein Zugriff
        2. b. The ERMS in economic scholarship Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Conclusion Kein Zugriff
      8. 8. The ERMS as an example for bottom-up regulation Kein Zugriff
      9. 9. Lessons learned from the ERMS for a post-Kyoto world Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. The Memorandum of Understanding Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. From the model rule to state legislature Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Coverage Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Cap Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Price control in the RGGI MR: The Cost Containment Reserve Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Voluntary renewable energy market set-aside allocation Kein Zugriff
          3. cc. Optional limited exemption set-aside allocation Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Regulatory rules Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Market data Kein Zugriff
        5. e. Offset credits Kein Zugriff
        6. f. Compliance Kein Zugriff
        7. d. Linking Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Environmental analysis Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Market analysis Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Environmental effects Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Market design Kein Zugriff
      6. 6. The RGGI as an example for a top-down regulation Kein Zugriff
      7. 7. Lessons from the RGGI for a post-Kyoto world Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Coverage Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Cap Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Allocation of allowances Kein Zugriff
        4. d. Trading Kein Zugriff
        5. e. Offset credits and projects Kein Zugriff
        6. f. Compliance Kein Zugriff
        7. d. Linking Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. Assembly Bill 32 Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Coverage Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Cap Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Allocation of allowances Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Regulatory environment Kein Zugriff
            1. (1) Auctioning data Kein Zugriff
            2. (2) Secondary market data Kein Zugriff
          1. aa. Regulatory environment Kein Zugriff
          2. bb. Data Kein Zugriff
        6. f. Compliance Kein Zugriff
        7. d. Linking Kein Zugriff
        1. a. Environmental analysis Kein Zugriff
        2. b. Economic analysis Kein Zugriff
        3. c. Market analysis Kein Zugriff
        4. d. Offsets and environmental justice Kein Zugriff
        5. e. Offsets and market design Kein Zugriff
      5. 5. Conclusion Kein Zugriff
      6. 6. The WCI as an example for bottom-up regulation Kein Zugriff
      7. 7. Lessons from the WCI for a post-Kyoto world Kein Zugriff
    1. I. Conclusion: Does emissions trading work? Kein Zugriff
    2. II. Growth and linkage potential Kein Zugriff
      1. 1. Systematic issues with emissions trading Kein Zugriff
      2. 2. A case for harmonized sectoral bottom-up regulation? Kein Zugriff
      3. 3. Implications from international law Kein Zugriff
    4. IV. Emissions trading decision making Kein Zugriff
    5. V. Conclusion: Can “bottom-up” trading work? Kein Zugriff
  8. G. What U.S. emissions trading teaches us about emissions trading, bottom-up regulation, and linkage in an international context Kein Zugriff 263 - 264
  9. References Kein Zugriff 265 - 280

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