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Plastic Pollution of the World’s Oceans as a Legal Problem

Does the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea entail Obligations to Clean-Up existing Plastic Pollution?
Autor:innen:
Verlag:
 2024

Zusammenfassung

Im Fokus steht eine mögliche staatliche Aufräumpflicht für schon bestehende Plastikverschmutzung der marinen Umwelt. Es wird insbesondere hinterfragt, ob der Schutz der marinen Umwelt durch das Seerechtsübereinkommen Staaten nicht nur zu präventiven Maßnahmen verpflichtet, sondern ob ebenso eine Verpflichtung zur Umkehrung von bereits existierenden Schäden an der marinen Umwelt besteht. Alternativ wird eine solche Restitutionspflicht aus den allgemeinen Regeln zur Staatenverantwortlichkeit abgeleitet. Hierfür müssten Staaten zunächst ihrer Sorgfaltspflicht signifikante Umweltschäden zu vermeiden nicht nachgekommen sein und die Rechtsfolge der Restitution nicht unverhältnismäßig sein.

Schlagworte

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Bibliographische Angaben

Copyrightjahr
2024
ISBN-Print
978-3-7560-1723-2
ISBN-Online
978-3-7489-4452-2
Verlag
Nomos, Baden-Baden
Reihe
Studies in International Law of the Sea and Maritime Law - Internationales Seerecht und Seehandelsrecht
Band
15
Sprache
Englisch
Seiten
226
Produkttyp
Monographie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

KapitelSeiten
  1. Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis Kein Zugriff 1 - 12
  2. Introduction Kein Zugriff 13 - 18
    1. A. Plastics Kein Zugriff
    2. B. Definition of plastic pollution Kein Zugriff
      1. I. Land-based marine plastic pollution Kein Zugriff
      2. II. Sea-based marine plastic pollution Kein Zugriff
      3. III. Difficulties determining exact sources Kein Zugriff
      1. I. Effects of marine plastic pollution Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. The different maritime zones under UNCLOS Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. Distribution Kein Zugriff
      1. I. The inadequacy of the regulatory framework and policy focusing on prevention Kein Zugriff
      2. II. The long durability of plastic Kein Zugriff
    6. F. Preliminary Conclusion Kein Zugriff
      1. I. Introduction to Part XII Kein Zugriff
      2. II. UNCLOS as a living instrument Kein Zugriff
      1. I. The concept of restoration in International Environmental Law Kein Zugriff
      2. II. Definition of restoration approaches Kein Zugriff
      3. III. Remediation efforts Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. Textual approach Kein Zugriff
          1. a. Subsequent agreements Kein Zugriff
          2. b. Subsequent practice Kein Zugriff
          3. c. Systemic integration Kein Zugriff
          4. d. Evolutive or dynamic interpretation Kein Zugriff
        3. 3. Object and purpose Kein Zugriff
      2. II. The rules on interpretation according to Art. 32 VCLT Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. Art. 194 and Art. 207 UNCLOS Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. Preliminary Conclusion Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. Art. 199 UNCLOS Contingency plans against pollution Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. Art. 197, 200 UNCLOS The duty to cooperate Kein Zugriff
        3. 3. Preliminary Conclusion Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. Art. 192 UNCLOS The general obligation to protect and preserve the marine environment Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. Art. 194 V UNCLOS The obligation to protect and preserve rare or fragile ecosystems Kein Zugriff
          1. a. The South China Sea Award as a reference for an expansive interpretation of UNCLOS Kein Zugriff
          2. b. Systemic and dynamic interpretation of UNCLOS Kein Zugriff
          3. c. A positive obligation to clean-up through ecosystem restoration Kein Zugriff
      1. I. The formal amendment procedure provided by UNCLOS Kein Zugriff
      2. II. Modification of UNCLOS through subsequent means Kein Zugriff
      3. III. Modification through Soft Law Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. Notification, consultation and Environmental Impact Assessment Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. Precautionary approach Kein Zugriff
        3. 3. Common but differentiated responsibilities Kein Zugriff
      2. II. Informing the content through Soft Law Kein Zugriff
      3. III. The applicability of active marine restoration to the problem of marine plastic pollution – practical thoughts Kein Zugriff
    7. G. Preliminary Conclusion Kein Zugriff
    1. A. Applicable law lex specialis v. lex generalis Kein Zugriff
    2. B. Responsibility and liability – working definitions Kein Zugriff
      1. I. Attribution to the State Kein Zugriff
      2. II. Breach of an international obligation Kein Zugriff
      3. III. Legal consequences Kein Zugriff
      1. I. Attribution to the State Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. The need for environmental damage? Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. Due diligence Kein Zugriff
        3. 3. Shared responsibility Kein Zugriff
        4. 4. Common but differentiated responsibilities Kein Zugriff
        1. 1. Environmental harm Kein Zugriff
        2. 2. The problem of causality – Overdetermination Kein Zugriff
        3. 3. Article 35 ARSIWA Restitution Kein Zugriff
      4. IV. Invocation of responsibility Kein Zugriff
    5. E. State liability for hazardous activities Kein Zugriff
    6. F. Polluter Pays Principle Kein Zugriff
    7. G. Preliminary Conclusion Kein Zugriff
  6. Conclusion Kein Zugriff 205 - 208
    1. Literature Kein Zugriff
    2. Reports Kein Zugriff
    3. Jurisprudence Kein Zugriff
    4. Documents Kein Zugriff
    5. Treaties Kein Zugriff

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