Sozialgerechte Bodennutzung durch kooperative Baulandmodelle

RAin Dr. Maike Hölscher

doi:10.5771/9783748939085

Summary

Providing the community with affordable housing is a challenge for municipalities. Many cities have introduced cooperative building land models through which the developer participates in the costs of housing land development and commits to build subsidized housing. The thesis shows possible regulatory contents of urban development contracts and examines their legal boundaries. In addition, the new instrument of the sectoral land-use plan for housing provision is examined and its influence on the development of affordable housing. The thesis addresses employees of municipalities, lawyers and representatives of planning offices.

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Bibliographic data

Publication year: 2023
Publication date: 06.07.2023
ISBN-Print: 978-3-7560-0555-0
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-3908-5
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Berliner Schriften zur Stadt- und Regionalplanung
Volume: 45
Language: German
Pages: 392
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 26
1. A. Hintergrund der Arbeit No access
2. B. Gang der Untersuchung No access
1. 1. A. Begriff der sozialgerechten Bodennutzung No access
  2. 1. 1. a) Gewährleistungsinhalt des Sozialstaatsprinzips No access
        b) Konkretisierung in den Landesverfassungen No access
        c) Revidierte Europäische Sozialcharta, UN-Menschenrechtscharta und UN-Sozialpakt No access
        d) Kein subjektiv einklagbares Recht auf Wohnung No access
      2. a) Objektförderung No access
        b) Subjektförderung No access
        c) Sozialer Schutz über Regelungen des allgemeinen Wohnraummietrechts No access
    2. 1. 1. Grundeigentum als geschützte Rechtsposition No access
      2. 2. Inhalts- und Schrankenbestimmungen des Eigentums No access
      3. a) Inhalt der Gemeinwohlklausel No access
        b) Keine unmittelbare Verpflichtung des Einzelnen durch die Gemeinwohlklausel No access
  3. 1. I. Grundlagen der Raumordnung No access
    2. II. Wohnbedarf als Festlegungsinhalt von Raumordnungsplänen No access
    3. III. Bindungswirkung der Festlegungen No access
    4. IV. Steuerung sozialgerechter Bodennutzung durch Festlegungen im Regionalplan No access
  4. 1. 1. 1. Gesetzgebungshistorie No access
      2. 2. Funktion von Planungsgrundsätzen No access
      3. 3. Inhalt des Planungsgrundsatzes „sozialgerechte Bodennutzung“ No access
    2. 1. 1. Allgemeine Anforderungen an gesunde Wohnbedürfnisse No access
      2. 2. Wohnbedürfnisse der Bevölkerung No access
      3. 3. Soziale Bedürfnisse der Bevölkerung No access
    3. 1. 1. Darstellungen von Bauflächen und Baugebieten - § 5 Abs. 2 Nr. 1 BauGB No access
      2. 2. Darstellungen von Anlagen und Einrichtungen des Gemeinbedarfs - § 5 Abs. 2 Nr. 2 lit. a BauGB No access
    4. 1. a) Art der baulichen Nutzung - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 1 Alt. 1 BauGB No access
        b) Maß der baulichen Nutzung - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 1 Alt. 2 BauGB No access
      2. 2. Festsetzungen von Bauweise und überbaubaren Grundstücksflächen - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 2 BauGB No access
      3. 3. Festsetzungen von Mindest- und Höchstmaßen für Grundstücke - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 3 BauGB No access
      4. 4. Festsetzungen von Flächen für den Gemeinbedarf - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 5 BauGB No access
      5. 5. Festsetzungen von Beschränkungen der Zahl der Wohnungen - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 6 BauGB No access
      6. 6. Festsetzungen von Flächen für den geförderten Wohnungsbau - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 7 BauGB No access
      7. 7. Festsetzungen von Flächen für Personengruppen mit besonderem Wohnbedarf - § 9 Abs. 1 Nr. 8 BauGB No access
  5. E. Zusammenfassung No access
2. 1. 1. I. Begriff des kooperativen Baulandmodells No access
    2. II. Begriff des Baulandbeschlusses No access
    3. III. Begriff der Baulandstrategie No access
  2. 1. 1. 1. Soziale Ziele No access
      2. 2. Ökonomische Ziele No access
      3. 3. Städtebauliche Ziele No access
    2. 1. a) Inhalt No access
        b) Personeller und sachlicher Anwendungsbereich No access
        c) Verfahren No access
      2. a) Inhalt No access
        b) Personeller und sachlicher Anwendungsbereich No access
        c) Verfahren No access
      3. a) Inhalt No access
        b) Personeller und sachlicher Anwendungsbereich No access
        c) Verfahren No access
    3. 1. 1. Personeller Anwendungsbereich No access
      2. 2. Sachlicher Anwendungsbereich No access
    4. 1. 1. Grundzustimmung des Vorhabenträgers No access
      2. 2. Planaufstellungsbeschluss der Gemeinde No access
      3. 3. Abschluss des städtebaulichen Vertrags No access
      4. 4. Satzungsbeschluss No access
    5. 1. a) Städtebaulicher Vertrag über die Erschließung No access
        b) Planungsvertrag No access
      2. aa) Inhalt und Ziel einer Bauverpflichtung No access
        bb) Abgrenzung zum Baugebot No access
        aa) Städtebauliche Erforderlichkeit No access
        (1) Sozialquote No access
        (a) Begründung der Belegungsbindung No access
        (b) Arten von Belegungsbindungen No access
        (c) Belegungsrechte No access
        (d) Bindungsdauer No access
        (e) Weitergehende Vereinbarungen im städtebaulichen Vertrag No access
        (3) Mietbindungen No access
        (1) Quote für preisgedämpften Wohnraum No access
        (2) Belegungsbindungen No access
        (3) Mietbindungen No access
        (4) Bindungsdauer No access
        (5) Konsequenzen No access
        c) Vereinbarungen über den Erwerb angemessenen Wohnraums durch einkommensschwächere und weniger begüterte Personen der örtlichen Bevölkerung No access
      3. aa) Erschließungsanlagen No access
        (1) Abgrenzung zum Planungsvertrag No access
        (2) Verwaltungsinterne Personal- und Sachkosten No access
        cc) Soziale Infrastruktur No access
        aa) Regelungen in den untersuchten kooperativen Baulandmodellen No access
        bb) Wahlrecht des Vorhabenträgers bei der Erfüllung seiner Verpflichtung? No access
        aa) Räumliche Komponente der Kausalität No access
        bb) Zeitliche Komponente der Kausalität No access
        aa) Ermittlung des Bedarfs No access
        bb) Umfang der Kosten No access
        cc) Verteilungsmaßstab bei mehreren Vorhabenträgern No access
        dd) Zulässigkeit eines Pauschalbetrags No access
  3. C. Zusammenfassung No access
1. 1. A. Verfassungsrechtliche Grundlagen des Vorbehalts des Gesetzes No access
  2. B. Keine Grundrechtswesentlichkeit von kooperativen Baulandmodellen No access
2. 1. A. Kommunale Satzung No access
  2. B. Informelle städtebauliche Planungen, § 1 Abs. 6 Nr. 11 BauGB No access
  3. 1. I. Organisations- und Verfahrensvorschriften No access
    2. II. Entscheidungslenkende Verwaltungsvorschriften No access
  4. D. Beschluss ohne Außenwirkung No access
3. 1. 1. I. Verbandskompetenz der Gemeinde nach Art. 28 Abs. 2 Satz 1 GG No access
    2. II. Organkompetenz innerhalb der Gemeinde No access
    3. III. Besonderheiten des Verwaltungsaufbaus im Stadtstaat Berlin und deren Auswirkungen auf die Kompetenz No access
  2. 1. 1. 1. Ausarbeitung des Baulandbeschlusses No access
      2. 2. Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit als besondere Verfahrensvoraussetzung? No access
    2. II. Verfahren zur Änderung kooperativer Baulandmodelle No access
    3. III. Verfahren zur Aufhebung eines kooperativen Baulandmodells No access
  3. C. Form und Inhalt No access
4. 1. 1. 1. 1. Struktur der Eigentumsgarantie des Grundgesetzes No access
      2. a) Baufreiheit als Bestandteil der Institutsgarantie des Art. 14 Abs. 1 Satz 1 GG No access
        b) Baufreiheit als Bestandteil des Individualschutzes des Art. 14 Abs. 1 Satz 1 GG? No access
        c) Baufreiheit aufgrund öffentlich-rechtlicher Verleihung No access
      3. a) Sicherung der persönlichen Freiheit durch Eigentum No access
        b) Soziale Funktion des Grundeigentums No access
        c) Intensität des sozialen Bezugs beim Grundeigentum No access
    2. 1. 1. Gewährleistungsgehalt des allgemeinen Gleichheitssatzes No access
      2. 2. Vereinbarkeit einer Bagatellgrenze mit dem allgemeinen Gleichheitssatz No access
      3. 3. Vereinbarkeit einer Ausnahme von der Anwendbarkeit eines Baulandmodells mit dem allgemeinen Gleichheitssatz No access
    3. 1. 1. Verfassungsrechtliche Herleitung und Voraussetzungen des Vertrauensschutzes No access
      2. a) Vertrauenstatbestand bei erstmaliger Einführung eines kooperativen Baulandmodells No access
        b) Vertrauenstatbestand bei Änderung eines bestehenden kooperativen Baulandmodells No access
      3. 3. Betätigung des Vertrauens durch Vorhabenträger No access
      4. a) Beibehaltungsinteresse des Vorhabenträgers No access
        b) Änderungsinteresse der Gemeinde No access
      5. 5. Notwendigkeit von Übergangsregelungen als Folge schutzwürdigen Vertrauens No access
  2. 1. I. Verbot unzulässiger Planbindung No access
    2. II. Vereinbarkeit mit dem Abwägungsgebot No access
    3. 1. aa) Ermittlung der Steigerung des Bodenwerts No access
        bb) Vor- und Nachteile des Bodenwerts als Maßstab der Angemessenheit No access
        aa) Ermittlung des Ertragswerts No access
        bb) Vor- und Nachteile des Ertragswerts als Maßstab der Angemessenheit No access
        c) Bewertung der möglichen Maßstäbe No access
      2. 2. Priorisierungsregelungen zur Wahrung der Angemessenheit No access
      3. a) Angemessene Frist einer Bauverpflichtung No access
        b) Keine Pflicht zur Errichtung sozial geförderten Wohnraums bei unverschuldet ausbleibender Förderzusage No access
        (1) Rechtsprechung zur Bindungsdauer bei Einheimischenmodellen No access
        (2) Rechtsprechung zur Bindungsdauer von Nutzungsbeschränkungen No access
        (3) Wirtschaftlicher Maßstab No access
        bb) Unbefristete Belegungs- und Mietbindungen No access
        d) Berücksichtigung einer Nachnutzung bei den Kosten der sozialen Infrastruktur? No access
    4. 1. 1. Bezugspunkt des Koppelungsverbots – Leistung und Gegenleistung No access
      2. a) Vorhaben entspricht Bebauungsplan No access
        b) Ausnahme und Befreiung No access
        aa) Zulässigkeit des Vorhabens nach § 34 BauGB No access
        bb) Planungspflicht der Gemeinde? No access
        cc) Schaffung zusätzlichen Baurechts No access
      3. aa) Gebietsbezug No access
        bb) Ablösung der Verpflichtung durch Zahlung eines Geldbetrags No access
        b) Sachlicher Zusammenhang bei Folgekostenverträgen No access
  3. C. Zusammenfassung No access
5. 1. 1. 1. 1. Gesetzgebungskompetenz No access
      2. 2. Erforderlichkeit der Festsetzung, § 1 Abs. 3 Satz 1 BauGB No access
      3. 3. Veränderte Gewichtung der Abwägungsbelange, § 1 Abs. 7 BauGB No access
      4. 4. Bewertung No access
    2. 1. 1. Rechtsprechung des Bundesverwaltungsgerichts zu Verkaufsflächenbegrenzungen No access
      2. 2. Rechtsprechung des Bundesverwaltungsgerichts zu Lärmemissionskontingenten No access
      3. a) § 4a Abs. 4 Nr. 2 Alt. 1 BauNVO, § 6a Abs. 4 Nr. 3 Alt. 1 BauNVO und § 7 Abs. 4 Satz 1 Nr. 2 Alt. 1 BauNVO No access
        b) § 11 Abs. 1 i.V.m. Abs. 2 Satz 1 BauNVO No access
        c) § 1 Abs. 4 Satz 1 Nr. 1 BauNVO No access
        d) § 1 Abs. 4 Satz 1 Nr. 2 BauNVO No access
        e) § 1 Abs. 9 BauNVO No access
      4. 4. Ergebnis No access
  2. 1. I. Entstehungsgeschichte No access
    2. II. Zeitlicher Anwendungsbereich No access
    3. 1. 1. Festsetzung nach § 9 Abs. 2d Satz 1 Nr. 1 BauGB No access
      2. 2. Festsetzung nach § 9 Abs. 2d Satz 1 Nr. 2 BauGB No access
      3. a) Verpflichtungserklärung des Vorhabenträgers No access
        b) Sicherstellung der Verpflichtung No access
        c) Einhaltung der Förderbedingungen bei Ausbleiben der sozialen Wohnraumförderung? No access
      4. 4. Ergänzende Festsetzungsmöglichkeiten nach § 9 Abs. 2d Satz 2 BauGB No access
      5. 5. Räumliche Präzisierung der Festsetzungen nach § 9 Abs. 2d Satz 3 und 4 BauGB No access
      6. 6. Rückgriff auf § 9 Abs. 1 BauGB? No access
    4. IV. Räumlicher Anwendungsbereich No access
    5. V. Ergänzende städtebauliche Verträge über Kosten für soziale Infrastruktur No access
    6. 1. 1. Besonderheiten bei der planerischen Abwägung No access
      2. 2. Planungsschadensrechtliche Entschädigungsansprüche No access
      3. 3. Befristung No access
    7. VII. Bewertung und Ausblick No access
  3. C. Integration eines Musterbeschlusses „kooperatives Baulandmodell“ in das BauGB? No access
  4. 1. I. Regionale Wohnungsmarkstrategie des Kommunalverbunds Niedersachsen/Bremen e.V. No access
    2. II. „Großer Frankfurter Bogen“ No access
    3. III. Fortentwicklung der interkommunalen Zusammenarbeit No access
  5. E. Zusammenfassung No access
6. Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse No access
Literaturverzeichnis No access Pages 373 - 392

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