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Safe Access to Asylum in Europe
Normative assessment of safe pathways to protection in the legal context of the European Union- Authors:
- Series:
- Schriften zum Migrationsrecht, Volume 45
- Publisher:
- 13.05.2024
Summary
The book provides a comprehensive legal assessment of four different types of safe pathways to protection in the EU: the asylum visa, resettlement, ad hoc humanitarian admission and sponsorship programs. It investigates the effects these pathways can have on the asylum paradox, that is the paradoxical interplay in current EU asylum policy between the granting of territorial protection on the one hand and the prevention of access to territory on the other. Based on the assumption, that the asylum paradox is the result of a conflict of responsibility principles, the book develops an analytical tool, a responsibility framework, for the analysis and assessment. Overall, the book identifies normative differences, depending on the specific pathway and its details of implementation.
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Bibliographic data
- Publication year
- 2024
- Publication date
- 13.05.2024
- ISBN-Print
- 978-3-7560-0572-7
- ISBN-Online
- 978-3-7489-3926-9
- Publisher
- Nomos, Baden-Baden
- Series
- Schriften zum Migrationsrecht
- Volume
- 45
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 268
- Product type
- Book Titles
Table of contents
ChapterPages
- Titelei/InhaltsverzeichnisPages 1 - 22 Download chapter (PDF)
- 1 The asylum paradox Download chapter (PDF)
- 2 Aim and research questions Download chapter (PDF)
- 3.1.1 Protection seekers Download chapter (PDF)
- 3.1.2 Safe pathways to protection Download chapter (PDF)
- 3.1.3 The notion of ‘State’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 3.2 Legal sources Download chapter (PDF)
- 4.1 Normative reconstruction of the status quo: developing a responsibility framework Download chapter (PDF)
- 4.2 Structured analysis and normative assessment: safe pathways in the light of the responsibility framework Download chapter (PDF)
- 5.1.1 The limited scope of the right to seek asylum and the principle of non-refoulement Download chapter (PDF)
- 5.1.2 The scope of non-refoulement in ‘asylum visa’ cases Download chapter (PDF)
- 5.2 No access to asylum: the legality of border and migration control with a view to access to protection Download chapter (PDF)
- 5.3 The relation of sovereignty and human rights in refugee law Download chapter (PDF)
- 5.4 Studies of safe pathways to protection Download chapter (PDF)
- 6.1 The notion of principles: from legal principles to principles in legal philosophy Download chapter (PDF)
- 6.2 The notion and structuring function of principles in this book Download chapter (PDF)
- 6.3 The normative function of responsibility principles Download chapter (PDF)
- 7.1.1 From Westphalian sovereignty to State autonomy Download chapter (PDF)
- 7.1.2 Sovereignty and the concept of asylum Download chapter (PDF)
- 7.1.3 Sovereignty claims in migration and border control Download chapter (PDF)
- 7.2 Sovereignty as responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 7.3 The scope of the internal responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 7.4 Conclusion Download chapter (PDF)
- 8.1.1 The universal scope of human rights and refugee law Download chapter (PDF)
- 8.1.2 Key human rights provisions governing access to protection in the EU Download chapter (PDF)
- 8.2 Human rights as basis of an external responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 8.3 The scope of the external responsibility in the territorial context Download chapter (PDF)
- 8.4 Conclusion Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.1.1 The principle of solidarity at international level Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.1.2 The principle of solidarity in the legal context of the EU Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.2 The principle of inter-State responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.3.1 Three main approaches: ‘common responsibility’, ‘common but differentiated responsibility’ and ‘emergency solidarity’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.3.2 Proposals for responsibility-sharing schemes: from the ‘Comprehensive Plan of Action’ to ‘Regional Disembarkation Platforms’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.3.3 The New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants and the UN Global Compacts of 2018 Download chapter (PDF)
- 9.4 Conclusion Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.1 The triad of responsibility principles underlying the asylum paradox Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.1.1 Assessment standards following from the internal responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.1.2 Assessment standards following from the external responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.1.3 Assessment standards following from the inter-State responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.2 The heuristic function of the responsibility framework: revealing tensions and trade-offs Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.3.1 Migration control and deterrence Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.3.2 Individual access and procedural safeguards Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.2.3.3 Common but differentiated responsibility Download chapter (PDF)
- 10.3 The strengths and limits of a responsibility-based approach Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.1 Definition: clarifying the term ‘asylum visa’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.2.1 Diplomatic asylum Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.2.2 Historic precedents of ‘protective passports’ in Europe Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.3.1 EU visa regulations with impact on protection seekers Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.3.2 The role of carrier sanctions on access to protection Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.3.3 National policies of granting ‘humanitarian visas’ in the EU Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.4.1 A short note on extraterritorial jurisdiction Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.4.2 The CJEU case X and X and the ECtHR case M.N. Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.4.3 The relevance of the case N.D. and N.T. Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.4.4 Summarising the approach of this book: a dynamic interpretation of human rights in asylum visa cases Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.5.1 ‘Who’: protection seekers Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.5.2 ‘How’: asylum visa procedures Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.5.3 ‘What’: the protection status granted through an asylum visa scheme Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.1.1 Beneficiaries: ‘anyone anywhere’ under a severe human rights risk Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.1.2 Asylum visa procedures with individual rights and guarantees Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.1.3 Content of protection: access to national asylum procedures Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.2.1 Beneficiaries: no margin of discretion Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.2.2 Asylum visa procedures: migration control with limits Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.2.3 Content of protection: access to the national asylum procedure Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.3.1 Beneficiaries: no large-scale admission or consideration of State interests Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.3.2 Asylum visa procedures: paradigm change in responsibility allocation and issues of international cooperation Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.6.3.3 Content of protection: the relevance of a long-term perspective Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.7.1 Safe access to embassies and physical safety during the procedures Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.7.2 Legal access to the procedures and legal safeguards Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.7.3 The ‘floodgate’ argument Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.7.4 Limits of the asylum visa in terms of scope, numbers and predictability Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.7.5 Interim conclusion: the asylum visa as human rights tool Download chapter (PDF)
- 11.8 Conclusion: the asylum visa as paradigm shift Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.1 Defining resettlement Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.2.1 Resettlement at international level Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.2.2 Resettlement in the EU Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.3.1 ‘Who’: ‘resettled refugees’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.3.2 ‘How’: resettlement procedures Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.3.3 ‘What’: the protection status of ‘resettled refugees’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.1.1 Beneficiaries of resettlement: from vulnerability to IDPs Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.1.2 Resettlement procedures: from one ‘gatekeeper’ to another Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.1.3 Content of protection: no uniform resettlement status Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.2.1 Utilitarian admission criteria and links to migration control Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.2.2 Flexible procedures and discretionary status Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.3.1 Beneficiaries and procedures: from ‘cherry picking’ to limited quotas and political leverage Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.4.3.2 Content of protection: predictability Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.5.1 The discretionary nature of resettlement: from ‘filters’ to ‘gatekeepers’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.5.2 Resettlement and territorial asylum Download chapter (PDF)
- 12.6 Conclusion: resettlement between solidarity and political leverage in migration control Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.1 Defining ad hoc humanitarian admission Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.2 Background Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.3.1 ‘Who’: beneficiaries of ad hoc humanitarian admission Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.3.2 ‘How’: ad hoc humanitarian admission procedures Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.3.3 ‘What’: the status granted through ad hoc humanitarian admission Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.4.1.1 Beneficiaries: from the ‘one-to-one’ approach to ‘close-tie’ requirements Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.4.1.2 Ad hoc admission procedures: silence on procedural guarantees Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.4.1.3 Content of protection: access vs. rights Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.4.2 Internal responsibility: State discretion at peak Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.4.3 Inter-State responsibility: ad hoc admissions as acts of ‘emergency solidarity’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.5.1 The ‘good’ refugee and the ‘bad’ asylum seeker Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.5.2 The controversial nature of the ‘close-tie’ requirement Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.5.3 Access vs. rights Download chapter (PDF)
- 13.6 Conclusion: ad hoc humanitarian admission as emergency solidarity and State discretion at peak Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.1 Defining sponsorship schemes Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.2.1 International perspective: the Canadian private sponsorship scheme as a role model Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.2.2 Sponsorship schemes in the legal context of the EU Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.3.1 ‘Who’: beneficiaries of sponsorship schemes Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.3.2 ‘How’: sponsorship procedures Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.3.3 ‘What’: status upon arrival Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.1.1 Beneficiaries: the ‘close tie’ requirement as a key consideration Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.1.2 Admission procedures: enhancing agency Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.1.3 Content of protection: issues of status and responsibility transfer Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.2.1 Beneficiaries: limited State discretion for more social acceptance Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.2.2 Admission procedures: civil society as an internal driving force Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.2.3 Content of protection: the leading role of sponsors in the post-arrival phase Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.4.3 Inter-State responsibility: the scope of ‘solidarity bonds’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.5.1 Between ‘undue burdens’ and empowerment of civil society Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.5.2 The relevance of complementarity in sponsorship schemes Download chapter (PDF)
- 14.6 Conclusion: sharing responsibility – not burdens Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.1 Overall conclusion Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.2.1 Safe access to safe pathways Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.2.2 Permanent schemes vs. ad hoc schemes Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.2.3 State discretion vs. individual rights Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.2.4 Access vs. rights Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.2.5 Safe pathways and territorial asylum: the ‘fig leaf’ and the ‘queue jumpers’ Download chapter (PDF)
- 15.2.6 Complementarity of safe pathways Download chapter (PDF)
- 16.1 Point of departure: the asylum paradox and established definitions Download chapter (PDF)
- 16.2 Theoretical foundation: the responsibility triad as basis of a responsibility framework Download chapter (PDF)
- 16.3.1 The asylum visa Download chapter (PDF)
- 16.3.2 Resettlement Download chapter (PDF)
- 16.3.3 Ad hoc humanitarian admission Download chapter (PDF)
- 16.3.4 Sponsorship schemes Download chapter (PDF)
- 17 List of key findings Download chapter (PDF)
- 18.1 The map: human rights must follow borders and adapt to new challenges Download chapter (PDF)
- 18.2 The vessel: safe pathways to protection Download chapter (PDF)
- 18.3 The terrain: digitalisation, technology and mobility Download chapter (PDF)
- BibliographyPages 255 - 268 Download chapter (PDF)
