Weibliche Genitalbeschneidung in Ägypten: Debatten zwischen Islam und Medizin, 1940–2010

Dr. Elisabeth Trepesch

doi:10.5771/9783956508288

Keywords

Search publication

Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2021
Copyright Year: 2021
ISBN-Print: 978-3-95650-827-1
ISBN-Online: 978-3-95650-828-8
Publisher: Ergon, Baden-Baden
Series: Recht, Ethik und Gesellschaft im Vorderen Orient | Law, Ethics and Society in the Middle East
Volume: 1
Language: German
Pages: 452
Product Type: Monograph

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 14
1. What’s in a name? Bezeichnungen und Formen der vorliegenden Praktik No access
2. Die weibliche Beschneidung als Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Forschung No access
3. Islam, Medizin und die diskursive Konstruktion von Wissen No access
4. Das islamische Recht als diskursive Tradition No access
5. Die Hüter der islamischen Tradition und die Herausforderungen der Moderne No access
6. Medizin, Ärzte und der Anspruch auf Modernität No access
7. Noch einmal: Islam und Medizin No access
8. Quellen und Vorgehen No access
1. 1. 2.1. Ärzte, ḥakīmāt und dāyāt: Moderne medizinische Praxis und Genitaloperationen im 19. Jahrhundert No access
  2. 2.2. Kolonialismus und Gynäkologie: Die weibliche Beschneidung in der Medizin des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts No access
  3. 2.3. Fazit: Weibliche Genitalbeschneidung zwischen Ägypten und Europa No access
2. 1. 1. Hinweise auf eine Kritik an der Beschneidung von Mädchen bis 1940 No access
    2. Schauplätze und Konfliktlinien der Kontroverse, 1940 bis 1957 No access
    3. Eine Kampagne gegen weibliche Genitalverstümmelung unter Nasser? 1957 bis 1960 No access
  2. 1. Bauern und Frauen: Reformdebatten zwischen 1930 und 1960 No access
    2. Ärzte und dāyāt: Die weibliche Beschneidung als barbarische Volkspraktik No access
    3. Ärzte und Religion: Die weibliche Beschneidung als unislamische Angelegenheit No access
    4. Arzt und Gelehrter: Ḥāmid al‑Ġawābī als Verteidiger der weiblichen Beschneidung No access
    5. Fazit No access
  3. 1. Beschneidung und Sunna: Konzeptualisierungen der Praktik in Anlehnung an überlieferte Texte No access
    2. Beschneidung und maṣlaḥa: Das Abwägen von Nutzen und Schaden No access
    3. Islam und Medizin: Von der edlen Tat zum potenziellen Verbot No access
    4. Fazit No access
  4. 1. šahwa und laḏḏa: Normative Vorstellungen der weiblichen Sexualität No access
    2. Sex und Drogen: Eine Gesundheitsgefährdung für die ganze Nation No access
  5. 3.5. Fazit: Die Marginalisierung weiblicher Stimmen in der Debatte No access
3. 1. 4.1. National: Regelungen der weiblichen Beschneidung in Ägypten No access
  2. 4.2. Transnational: Diskussionen in Kolonien und internationalen Organisationen No access
4. Zwischenfazit I No access
1. 1. 5.1. Internationale Debatten: Von Gesundheit zu Menschenrechten No access
  2. 5.2. Die Cairo Family Planning Association: Von Familienplanung zu reproduktiver Gesundheit No access
  3. 5.3. Task Force und NCCM: Von zivilgesellschaftlichem Engagement zu staatlichen Programmen No access
2. 1. 1. Empirie und Überzeugung: Forschung im Dienste der Bekämpfung weiblicher Genitalverstümmelung No access
    2. Indikation und Expertise: Medizinische Rechtfertigungen für Genitaloperationen No access
    3. Ästhetik, Hygiene und gesundheitlicher Nutzen: Die medizinische Lobby für die weibliche Beschneidung No access
    4. Fazit No access
  2. 6.2. Recht und Praxis: Die Medikalisierung der Beschneidung von Mädchen No access
  3. 1. Der Irrtum der Rechtsgelehrten: Aḥmad Šauqī al‑Fanǧarī No access
    2. Die religiöse Inkompetenz der Mediziner*innen: Munīr Muḥammad Fauzī No access
  4. 6.4. Fazit: Die weibliche Beschneidung als medizinethisches Problem No access
3. 1. 7.1. Fragmentierung, Pluralisierung und Nationalisierung: Islam und religiöse Autoritäten von Nasser bis Mubarak No access
  2. 1. al‑Ḫifāḍ fī ḥaqq al‑ināṯ mašrūʿ: ʿulamāʾ und die Legitimierung der weiblichen Beschneidung No access
    2. ʿĀda wa‑laisa ʿibāda: Kritische Stimmen zur weiblichen Beschneidung in der Religionsgelehrsamkeit No access
    3. Hal aṣbaḥa ḫitān al‑ināṯ ḥarāman? Eine Analyse von Kontinuität und Wandel No access
  3. 1. Lā tunhikī: Interpretationen der Hadithe zur weiblichen Beschneidung No access
    2. Lā ḍarar wa‑lā ḍirār: Die Argumentation mit allgemeinen Prinzipien der Scharia No access
    3. Laisa fī l‑ḫitān ḫabar yurǧaʿu ilaihi wa‑lā sunna tuttabaʿu: Die Umdeutung der islamischen Rechtstradition No access
  4. 7.4. Fa‑sʾalū ahl aḏ‑ḏikr in kuntum lā taʿlamūna (Sure 16:43): Medizin in der Urteilsfindung religiöser Gelehrter No access
  5. 7.5. Der Versuch der Vereindeutigung: Islam, ʿulamāʾ und Kampagnen gegen weibliche Genitalverstümmelung No access
  6. 7.6. Fazit: Von der Legitimierung der Praktik zur Legitimierung ihres Verbots No access
4. 1. 8.1. Gesetze und Klagen: Die Produktion rechtlicher Normen zur weiblichen Beschneidung No access
  2. 8.2. Scharia und Medizin: Gerichtsurteile über die Zulässigkeit eines Verbots der Beschneidung von Mädchen No access
  3. 8.3. Fazit: Die Bestätigung des Interpretationspluralismus in Islam und Medizin No access
5. Zwischenfazit II No access
1. Ärzte, medizinisches Wissen und Genitaloperationen bei Frauen und Mädchen No access
2. ʿUlamāʾ, die islamische Rechtstradition und der Wandel im Urteil über die weibliche Beschneidung No access
3. Ein letztes Mal: Islam und Medizin No access
4. Where do we go from here? – Ein Ausblick No access
1. Abkürzungsverzeichnis No access
2. 1. Hinweise No access
  2. Interviews No access
  3. Einzelne unpublizierte Quellen No access
  4. Gesetze, Rechtsverordnungen und Gerichtsurteile No access
  5. Dokumente des Völkerbunds und der UN inkl. ihrer Sonderorganisationen No access
  6. Systematisch durchgesehene Zeitungen und Zeitschriften No access
  7. Publizierte arabischsprachige Literatur No access
  8. Literatur in europäischen Sprachen No access

Bibliography (866 entries)

Eich, Thomas / Bentlage, Björn, 2011: Negotiating Islamic Identity in Egypt through Bioethics. Contesting „the West“ and Saudi Arabia. In: Myser, Catherine (Hg.): Bioethics around the Globe, Oxford, S. 216 241. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eickelman, Dale F., 2004: Who Speaks for Islam? Inside the Islamic Reformation. In: Browers, Michaelle L. / Kurzman, Charles (Hg.): An Islamic Reformation?, Lanham, Md. [u. a.], S. 18 27. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eickelman, Dale F. / Anderson, Jon W. (Hg.), 1999: New Media in the Muslim World. The Emerging Public Sphere, Bloomington / Indianapolis. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eickelman, Dale F. / Piscatori, James P., 1996: Muslim Politics, Princeton. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Guindi, Fadwa, 2006: „Had This Been Your Face, Would You Leave It as It Is?“ Female Circumcision among Nubians of Egypt. In: Abusharaf, Rogaia Mustafa (Hg.): Female Circumcision. Multicultural Perspectives, Philadelphia, S. 27 46. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Masry, Youssef, 1963: Die Tragödie der Frau im arabischen Orient, übers. v. Brigitte Kahr, München. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Messiri Nadim, Nawal, 1980: Rural Health Care in Egypt, Ottawa. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Saadawi, Nawal, 1982: Circumcision of Girls. In: Baasher, Taha [u. a.] (Hg.): Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children, WHO/EMRO Technical Publication No. 2, Bd. 2, Alexandria, S. 215 228. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Shakry, Omnia S., 2007: The Great Social Laboratory. Subjects of Knowledge in Colonial and Postcolonial Egypt, Stanford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Damanhoury, I., 2013: The Jewish and Christian View on Female Genital Mutilation. In: African Journal of Urology 19/3, S. 127 129. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Defrawi, Mohammed H. [u. a.], 2001: Female Genital Mutilation and Its Psychosexual Impact. In: Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 27/5, S. 465 473. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Gibaly, Omaima [u. a.], 2002: The Decline of Female Circumcision in Egypt: Evidence and Interpretation. In: Social Science & Medicine 54/2, S. 205 220. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Gibaly, Omaima / Aziz, Mirette / Abou Hussein, Salma, 2019: Health Care Providers’ and Mothers’ Perceptions about the Medicalization of Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting in Egypt. A Cross-Sectional Qualitative Study. In: BMC International Health and Human Rights 19, abrufbar unter: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12914-019-0202-x (letzter Zugriff: 04.01.2021). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Hamamsy, Laila, 1973: The Daya of Egypt: Survival in a Modernizing Society, Caltech Population Program Occasional Papers, Series 1, No. 8, Pasadena, Calif. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Rouayheb, Khaled, 2005: Before Homosexuality in the Arab-Islamic World, 1500 1800, Chicago / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Sayed, Mohamed, 2007: Girl’s Death Leads to Ban. In: Al Ahram Weekly, 11.07.2007, abrufbar unter: http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2007/852/eg13.htm (letzter Zugriff: 12.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
El Zanaty, Fatma [u. a.], 1996: Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 1995, hg. v. National Population Council / Macro International Inc., Cairo / Calverton, Md. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Elshakry, Marwa S., 2008: Knowledge in Motion. The Cultural Politics of Modern Science Translations in Arabic. In: Isis 99/4, S. 701-730. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Elshakry, Marwa, 2010: When Science Became Western: Historiographical Reflections. In: Isis 101/1, S. 98 109. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Engels, Dörthe, 2008: Die islamrechtliche Beurteilung der Mädchenbeschneidung. Eine kritische Analyse des Beschlusstextes der Gelehrtenkonferenz „Verbot des Missbrauchs des weiblichen Körpers“ vom 22. bis 23. November 2006 an der Azhar Universität in Kairo im Kontext moderner Entwicklungen in der islamischen Rechtsfindungspraxis. Magisterarbeit, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, abrufbar unter: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/16684 (letzter Zugriff 02.07.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ephrat, Daphna / Hatina, Meir, 2014: Introduction. In: Dies. (Hg.): Religious Knowledge, Authority, and Charisma. Islamic and Jewish Perspectives, Salt Lake City, S. 1-22. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Erlich, Michel, 1990: Notion de mutilation et criminalisation de l’excision en F⁠r⁠a⁠n⁠c⁠e. In: Droit et Cultures 20, S. 151-162. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Erlich, Michel, 2007: La chirurgie sexuelle en France: aspects historiques. In: Sexologies 16/3, S. 180 188. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Amel / El Mouelhy, Mawaheb T. / Ragab, Ahmed R., 2010: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting and Issues of Sexuality in Egypt. In: Reproductive Health Matters 18/36, S. 181-190. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Khaled, 1997: All the Pasha’s Men. Mehmed Ali, His Army and the Making of Modern Egypt, Cambridge [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Khaled, 1998b: The Era of Muhammad ʿAli Pasha, 1805 1848. In: Daly, Martin W. (Hg.): The Cambridge History of Egypt. Bd. 2: Modern Egypt from 1517 to the End of the Twentieth Century, o. O., S. 139 179. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Khaled, 1998c: Women, Medicine, and Power in Nineteenth-Century Egypt. In: Abu-Lughod, Lila (Hg.): Remaking Women. Feminism and Modernity in the Middle East, Princeton, S. 35 72. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Khaled, 2002: Prostitution in Egypt in the Nineteenth Century. In: Rogan, Eugene L. (Hg.): Outside In. On the Margins of the Modern Middle East, London / New York, S. 77 103. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Khaled, 2018: In Quest of Justice. Islamic Law and Forensic Medicine in Modern Egypt, Oakland, Calif. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fahmy, Ninette S., 1998a: The Performance of the Muslim Brotherhood in the Egyptian Syndicates: An Alternative Formula for Reform? In: Middle East Journal 52/4, S. 551-562. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fakhouri, Hani, 1972: Kafr el-Elow. An Egyptian Village in Transition, New York [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Feillard, Andrée / Marcoes, Lies, 1998: Female Circumcision in Indonesia: To „Islamize“ in Ceremony or Secrecy. In: Archipel 56/1, S. 337 367. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Foucault, Michel, 2003: Die Ordnung des Diskurses, übers. v. Walter Seitter, Frankfurt am Main, 9. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Foucault, Michel, 2012: Der Wille zum Wissen, übers. v. Ulrich Raulff und Walter Seitter, Frankfurt am Main, 19. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Foucault, Michel, 2013: Archäologie des Wissens, übers. v. Ulrich Köppen, Frankfurt am Main, 16. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gaborieau, Marc / Zeghal, Malika, 2004: Autorités religieuses en islam. In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions 49/125, S. 5 21. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gadelrab, Sherry Sayed, 2016: Medicine and Morality in Egypt: Gender and Sexuality in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries, London / New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gallagher, Nancy Elizabeth, 1983: Medicine and Power in Tunisia, 1780 1900, Cambridge [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gallagher, Nancy Elizabeth, 1990: Egypt’s Other Wars. Epidemics and the Politics of Public Health, Syracuse, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gallagher, Nancy, 2005: Writing Women Medical Practitioners into the History of Modern Egypt. In: Goldschmidt, Arthur / Johnson, Amy J. / Salmoni, Barak A. (Hg.): Re-Envisioning Egypt 1919 1952, Cairo / New York, S. 351-370. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gasper, Michael Ezekiel, 2009: The Power of Representation. Publics, Peasants, and Islam in Egypt, Stanford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gauvain, Richard, 2013: Salafi Ritual Purity. In the Presence of God, London / New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gershoni, Israel, 1999: Egyptian Liberalism in an Age of „Crisis of Orientation“: Al Risāla’s Reaction to Fascism and Nazism, 1933 39. In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 31/4, S. 551-576. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gershoni, Israel / Jankowski, James P., 1995: Redefining the Egyptian Nation, 1930 1945, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gesink, Indira Falk, 2018: Intersex Bodies in Premodern Islamic Discourse. In: Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 14/2, S. 152-173. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ghaly, Mohammed, 2012: The Beginning of Human Life: Islamic Bioethical Perspectives. In: Zygon 47/1, S. 175 213. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ghaly, Mohammed, 2015: Biomedical Scientists as Co-Muftis: Their Contribution to Contemporary Islamic Bioethics. In: Die Welt des Islams 55/3 4, S. 286 311. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ghaly, Mohammed (Hg.), 2016a: Islamic Perspectives on the Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Muslim Religious Scholars and Biomedical Scientists in Face-to-Face Dialogue with Western Bioethicists, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ghaly, Mohammed, 2016b: Deliberations within the Islamic Tradition on Principle-Based Bioethics: An Enduring Task. In: Ders. (Hg.): Islamic Perspectives on the Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Muslim Religious Scholars and Biomedical Scientists in Face-to-Face Dialogue with Western Bioethicists, London, S. 3 39. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ghannam, Farha / Sholkamy, Hania, 2004: Introduction. In: Dies. (Hg.): Health and Identity in Egypt, Cairo / New York, S. 1-20. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Giladi, Avner, 1997: Normative Islam versus Local Tradition: Some Observations on Female Circumcision with Special Reference to Egypt. In: Arabica 44/2, S. 254 267. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Girgis, B., 1936: Infibulation [Letter]. In: Lancet 227/5864, S. 170. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gomaa, ʿAli, 2011: Question 22: Much Debate Surrounds the Issue of Female Circumcision. Some Claim That It Cannot Be Prohibited by Islamic Law. What Is the Truth? In: Ders.: Responding from the Tradition. One Hundred Contemporary Fatwas by the Grand Mufti of Egypt, übers. v. Tarek Elgawhary und Nuri Friedlander, Louisville, Ky., S. 98 104. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gosselin, Claudie, 2000: Feminism, Anthropology and the Politics of Excision in Mali: Global and Local Debates in a Postcolonial World. In: Anthropologica 42/1, S. 43 60. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gräf, Bettina, 2010: Medien-Fatwas@Yusuf al Qaradawi. Die Popularisierung des islamischen Rechts, Berlin. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gräf, Bettina, 2014: Media Fatwas and Fatwa Editors: Challenging and Preserving Yusuf al Qaradawi’s Religious Authority. In: Hudson, Leila / Kirk, Mimi / Iskander, Adel (Hg.): Media Evolution on the Eve of the Arab Spring, New York, S. 139 157. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gräf, Bettina / Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob, 2009: Introduction. In: Dies. (Hg.): Global Mufti. The Phenomenon of Yūsuf al Qaraḍāwī, London, S. 1-15. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Green, Fiona J., 2005: From Clitoridectomies to „Designer Vaginas“: The Medical Construction of Heteronormative Female Bodies and Sexuality through Female Genital Cutting. In: Sexualities, Evolution & Gender 7/2, S. 153 187. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Grisaru, Nimrod / Lezer, Simcha / Belmaker, R. H., 1997: Ritual Female Genital Surgery among Ethiopian Jews. In: Archives of Sexual Behavior 26/2, S. 211-215. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Groneman, Carol, 1994: Nymphomania: The Historical Construction of Female Sexuality. In: Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 19/2, S. 337 367. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Gruenbaum, Ellen, 2001: The Female Circumcision Controversy. An Anthropological Perspective, Philadelphia. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Haddad, Yvonne Y., 1987: Islamic „Awakening“ in Egypt. In: Arab Studies Quarterly 9/3, S. 234 259. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hadler, Gordon, 2003: Modernes politisches Iftāʾ am Beispiel von ägyptischen Fatwas zu Friedensverträgen mit Israel. In: Ebert, Hans-Georg / Hanstein, Thoralf (Hg.): Beiträge zum Islamischen Recht, Bd. III, Frankfurt am Main, S. 101-128. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hafez, Sherine, 2011: An Islam of Her Own. Reconsidering Religion and Secularism in Women’s Islamic Movements, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 1984: Was the Gate of Ijtihad Closed? In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 16/1, S. 3 41. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 1999: A History of Islamic Legal Theories. An Introduction to Sunnī uṣūl al fiqh, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2001a: From Regional to Personal Schools of Law? A Reevaluation. In: Islamic Law and Society 8/1, S. 1-26. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2001b: Authority, Continuity, and Change in Islamic Law, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2003: Juristic Authority vs. State Power: The Legal Crises of Modern Islam. In: Journal of Law and Religion 19/2, S. 243 258. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2005a: What Is Shari’a. In: Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law 12, S. 151-180. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2005b: The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2009: Sharīʿa. Theory, Practice, Transformations, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hallaq, Wael B., 2018: Restating Orientalism. A Critique of Modern Knowledge, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hamdan, Hussein, 2014: Der christlich-islamische Dialog der Azhar Universität, Freiburg. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hamdy, Aissa, 1873: De la Circoncision, Montpellier / Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hamdy, Sherine, 2012: Our Bodies Belong to God. Organ Transplants, Islam, and the Struggle for Human Dignity in Egypt, Berkeley [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hamid, Besah Abdul / Ibrahim, Hassan, 2006: Controversy Surrounding the Grand Qāḍī of the Sudan, 1899 1956: A Historical Analysis. In: Intellectual Discourse 14/1, S. 1-18. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hansen, Henny Harald, 1972: Clitoridectomy: Female Circumcision in Egypt. In: Folk (København) 14 15, S. 15 26. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hartung, Jan-Peter, 2013: What Makes a „Muslim Intellectual“? On the Pros and Cons of a Category. In: Middle East – Topics & Arguments 1, S. 35 45. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hassanin, Ibrahim M. A. [u. a.], 2008: Prevalence of Female Genital Cutting in Upper Egypt: 6 Years after Enforcement of Prohibition Law. In: Reproductive BioMedicine Online 16, Supplement 1, S. 27 31. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hatem, Mervat F., 1997: The Professionalization of Health and the Control of Women’s Bodies as Modern Governmentalities in Nineteenth-Century Egypt. In: Zilfi, Madeline C. (Hg.): Women in the Ottoman Empire. Middle Eastern Women in the Early Modern Era, Leiden [u. a.], S. 66 80. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hatina, Meir, 2009a: Introduction. In: Ders. (Hg.): Guardians of Faith in Modern Times: ʿUlamaʾ in the Middle East, Leiden / Boston, S. 1-17. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hatina, Meir, 2009b: The Clerics’ Betrayal? Islamists, ʿUlamaʾ and the Polity. In: Ders. (Hg.): Guardians of Faith in Modern Times: ʿUlamaʾ in the Middle East, Leiden / Boston, S. 247 264. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hatina, Meir, 2010: „Ulama“, Politics, and the Public Sphere. An Egyptian Perspective, Salt Lake City. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hernlund, Ylva / Shell-Duncan, Bettina (Hg.), 2007a: Transcultural Bodies. Female Genital Cutting in Global Context, New Brunswick, NJ [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hernlund, Ylva / Shell-Duncan, Bettina, 2007b: Transcultural Positions. Negotiating Rights and Culture. In: Dies. (Hg.): Transcultural Bodies. Female Genital Cutting in Global Context, New Brunswick, NJ [u. a.], S. 1-45. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hirschkind, Charles, 2006: Cassette Ethics. Public Piety and Popular Media in Egypt. In: Meyer, Birgit / Moors, Annelies (Hg.): Religion, Media, and the Public Sphere, Bloomington / Indianapolis, S. 29 51. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hoodfar, Homa, 1995: Child Care & Child Health in Low-Income Neighborhoods of Cairo. In: Fernea, Elizabeth Warnock (Hg.): Children in the Muslim Middle East, Austin, Tex., S. 146 167. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hopkins, Nicholas S., 2014: Anthropology in Egypt 1900 1967. Culture, Function, and Reform, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Horn, Jessica, 2005: Not Culture but Gender. Reconceptualizing Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. In: Chavkin, Wendy / Chesler, Ellen (Hg.): Where Human Rights Begin. Health, Sexuality, and Women in the New Millennium, New Brunswick, NJ [u. a.], S. 35 64. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hosken, Fran P., 1975: Female Circumcision and Fertility in Africa. In: Women & Health 1/6, S. 3 11. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hosken, Fran P., 1978: The Epidemiology of Female Genital Mutilations. In: Tropical Doctor 8/3, S. 150 156. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hosken, Fran P., 1979: The Hosken Report. Genital and Sexual Mutilation of Females, Lexington, Mass., 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Huhner, Max, 1946: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexual Disorders in the Male and Female Including Sterility and Impotence, Philadelphia, 3., erw. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hulverscheidt, Marion, 2016: Weibliche Genitalverstümmelung: Diskussion und Praxis in der Medizin während des 19. Jahrhunderts im deutschsprachigen Raum, Frankfurt am Main, 3. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Hussein, Aziza, 1996: Female Circumcision, hg. v. Egyptian Society for the Prevention of Harmful Traditional Practices to Woman and Child, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ibrahim, Aly Bey, 1931: Circumcision. In: Khalil, Mohamed Bey (Hg.): Comptes rendus. Congrès international de médecine tropicale et d’hygiène, Le Caire, Egypte, Décembre 1928. Bd. III: Chirurgie-gynécologie-ophtalmologie-pathologie et bactériologie, Le Caire, S. 197 208. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Inhorn, Marcia C., 1994: Quest for Conception. Gender, Infertility, and Egyptian Medical Traditions, Philadelphia. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Inter-African Committee on Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children / World Health Organization (Hg.), 1988: Report on the Regional Seminar on Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children in Africa, 6 10 April 1987, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Jacob, Wilson Chacko, 2011: Working Out Egypt. Effendi Masculinity and Subject Formation in Colonial Modernity, 1870 1940, Durham. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
James, Stanlie M. / Robertson, Claire C. (Hg.), 2002: Genital Cutting and Transnational Sisterhood. Disputing U. S. Polemics, Urbana / Chicago. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Jankowski, James P., 2002: Nasser’s Egypt, Arab Nationalism, and the United Arab Republic, Boulder / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Jellett, Henry, 1908: A Short Practice of Gynaecology, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johansen, Baber, 1999: Contingency in a Sacred Law. Legal and Ethical Norms in the Muslim Fiqh, Leiden [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnsdotter, Sara / Essén, Birgitta, 2010: Genitals and Ethnicity: The Politics of Genital Modifications. In: Reproductive Health Matters 18/35, S. 29 37. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnson, Amy J., 2004: Reconstructing Rural Egypt: Ahmed Hussein and the History of Egyptian Development, Syracuse, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnson, Amy J. / Greene, Zachary D., 2004: Female Genital Mutilation and Constructions of Masculinity in Twentieth Century Egypt. In: Al Raida XXI/104-105, S. 52 63. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnson, Amy J. / McIntosh, Scott David, 2005: Empowering Women, Engendering Change. Aziza Hussein and Social Reform in Egypt. In: Goldschmidt, Arthur / Johnson, Amy J. / Salmoni, Barak A. (Hg.): Re-Envisioning Egypt 1919 1952, Cairo / New York, S. 249 276. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnson, Michelle C., 2000: Becoming a Muslim, Becoming a Person: Female „Circumcision“, Religious Identity, and Personhood in Guinea-Bissau. In: Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva (Hg.): Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London, S. 215 233. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnson, Michelle C., 2007: Making Mandinga or Making Muslims? Debating Female Circumcision, Ethnicity, and Islam in Guinea-Bissau and Portugal. In: Hernlund, Ylva / Shell-Duncan, Bettina (Hg.): Transcultural Bodies. Female Genital Cutting in Global Context, New Brunswick, NJ [u. a.], S. 202 223. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Johnson, Stanley, 1995: The Politics of Population. The International Conference on Population and Development, Cairo 1994, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Juynboll, G. H. A. / Brown, D. W., 2012: Sunna. In: Bearman, P. [u. a.] (Hg.): Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Leiden / London, erste Onlineveröffentlichung, abrufbar unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573 3912_islam_COM_1123 (letzter Zugriff: 29.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Juynboll, Gautier H. A., 1969: The Authenticity of the Tradition Literature. Discussions in Modern Egypt, Leiden. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karam, Azza M., 1998: Women, Islamisms and the State: Contemporary Feminisms in Egypt, Basingstoke [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karim, Mahmoud, 1995: Circumcision and Mutilations, Male and Female. Medical Aspects, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karim, Mahmoud, 1998: Female Genital Mutilation (Circumcision): Historical, Social, Religious, Sexual, and Legal Aspects, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karim, Mahmoud, o. J.: C.V., abrufbar unter: http://mahmoudkarim.com/english/cv.php (letzter Zugriff: 03.07.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karim, Mahmoud / Ammar, Roshdi, 1965: Female Circumcision and Sexual Desire, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kedar, Mordechai, 2002: Islam and „Female Circumcision“. The Debate over FGM in the Egyptian Press, September 1994. In: Medicine and Law 21/2, S. 403 418. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Keddie, Nikki R., 1972: Introduction. In: Dies. (Hg.): Scholars, Saints, and Sufis. Muslim Religious Institutions in the Middle East since 1500, Berkeley [u. a.], S. 1-14. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Khadduri, M., 2012: Maṣlaḥa. In: Bearman, P. [u. a.] (Hg.): Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Leiden / London, erste Onlineveröffentlichung, abrufbar unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573 3912_islam_SIM_5019 (letzter Zugriff: 10.11.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Khalifa, Ahmad M., 1975: Traditional Patterns of Hashish Use in Egypt. In: Rubin, Vera (Hg.): Cannabis and Culture, The Hague / Paris, S. 195 205. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Khalil, Mohamed Bey, 1931: Comptes rendus. Congrès international de médecine tropicale et d’hygiène, Le Caire, Egypte, Décembre 1928. Bd. I: Organisation du congrès, Le Caire. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Khattab, Aziz Ahmed, 1999: Human Sexuality, Cairo, 3., erw. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 1986]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kholoussi, Samia, 2005: Fallahin: The „Mud Bearers“ of Egypt’s „Liberal Age“. In: Goldschmidt, Arthur / Johnson, Amy J. / Salmoni, Barak A. (Hg.): Re-Envisioning Egypt 1919 1952, Cairo / New York, S. 277 314. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kholoussy, Hanan, 2010: Monitoring and Medicalising Male Sexuality in Semi-Colonial Egypt. In: Gender & History 22/3, S. 677 691. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kimani, Samuel / Muteshi, Jacinta / Njue, Carolyne, 2016: Health Impacts of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Synthesis of the Evidence, hg. v. UK AID / Population Council, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kinitz, Daniel, 2016: Die andere Seite des Islam. Säkularismus-Diskurs und muslimische Intellektuelle im modernen Ägypten, Berlin / Boston. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kinsey, Alfred C. [u. a.], 1953: Sexual Behavior in the Human Female, Philadelphia / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kister, M. J., 1994: „... and He Was Born Circumcised...“: Some Notes on Circumcision in Ḥadīth. In: Oriens 34, S. 10 30. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Klein, Elliot [u. a.], 2018: Female Genital Mutilation: Health Consequences and Complications – A Short Literature Review. In: Obstetrics and Gynecology International, abrufbar unter: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ogi/2018/7365715/ (letzter Zugriff: 21.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Knoblauch, Hubert, 2005: Wissenssoziologie, Konstanz. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat, 2011a: Cannabis Prohibition in Egypt, 1880 1939: From Local Ban to League of Nations Diplomacy. In: Middle Eastern Studies 47/3, S. 443 460. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat, 2011b: Policing Egyptian Women. Sex, Law, and Medicine in Khedival Egypt, Syracuse, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat, 2013a: „We, the Sexologists …“: Arabic Medical Writing on Sexuality, 1879 1943. In: Journal of the History of Sexuality 22/3, S. 426 445. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat, 2013b: White Drugs in Interwar Egypt: Decadent Pleasures, Emaciated Fellahin, and the Campaign against Drugs. In: Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 33/1, S. 89 101. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat, 2015: Translating Sexology, Writing the Nation. Sexual Discourse and Practice in Hebrew and Arabic in the 1930s. In: Bauer, Heike (Hg.): Sexology and Translation: Cultural and Scientific Encounters Across the Modern World, Philadelphia, S. 135 153. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat, 2017: Global Women, Colonial Ports. Prostitution in the Interwar Middle East, Albany, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kozma, Liat / Samuels, Diane, 2019: Beyond Borders. The Egyptian 1947 Epidemic as a Regional and International Crisis. In: British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 46/1, S. 50 67. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Krämer, Gudrun / Schmidtke, Sabine, 2006: Introduction: Religious Authority and Religious Authorities in Muslim Societies. A Critical Overview. In: Dies. (Hg.): Speaking for Islam. Religious Authorities in Muslim Societies, Leiden / Boston, S. 1-14. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Krawietz, Birgit, 1991: Die Ḥurma. Schariatrechtlicher Schutz vor Eingriffen in die körperliche Unversehrtheit nach arabischen Fatwas des 20. Jahrhunderts, Berlin. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Krawietz, Birgit, 1995: Der Mufti und sein Fatwa: Verfahrenstheorie und Verfahrenspraxis nach islamischem Recht. In: Die Welt des Orients 26, S. 161-180. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Krawietz, Birgit, 2002: Hierarchie der Rechtsquellen im tradierten sunnitischen Islam, Berlin. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kugle, Scott Siraj al Haqq, 2003: Sexuality, Diversity, and Ethics in the Agenda of Progressive Muslims. In: Safi, Omid (Hg.): Progressive Muslims on Justice, Gender, and Pluralism, Oxford, S. 190 234. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kuhnke, Laverne, 1990: Lives at Risk. Public Health in Nineteenth-Century Egypt, Berkeley [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kupferschmidt, Uri M., 1987: Reformist and Militant Islam in Urban and Rural Egypt. In: Middle Eastern Studies 23/4, S. 403 418. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kurz, Susanne, 2016: Never Just for Fun? Sexual Intercourse in Persophone Medicine, Erotology and Ethics. In: Dies. / Preckel, Claudia / Reichmuth, Stefan (Hg.): Muslim Bodies. Körper, Sexualität und Medizin in muslimischen Gesellschaften / Body, Sexuality and Medicine in Muslim Societies, Berlin, S. 97 130. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kutscher, Jens, 2011: Towards a Solution Concerning Female Genital Mutilation? An Approach from Within According to Islamic Legal Opinions. In: Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 23, S. 216 236. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Landolt, Laura K., 2007: USAID, Population Control, and NGO-Led Democratization in Egypt: The Fate of the ICPD Programme of Action. In: Democratization 14/4, S. 706 722. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Landwehr, Achim, 2002: Das Sichtbare sichtbar machen. Annäherungen an „Wissen“ als Kategorie historischer Forschung. In: Ders. (Hg.): Geschichte(n) der Wirklichkeit: Beiträge zur Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte des Wissens, Augsburg, S. 61 89. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Landwehr, Achim, 2009: Historische Diskursanalyse, Frankfurt am Main / New York, 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lane, Sandra D. / Rubinstein, Robert A., 1996: Judging the Other: Responding to Traditional Female Genital Surgeries. In: The Hastings Center Report 26/3, S. 31-40. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lehnguth, Cornelius, 2013: Waldheim und die Folgen. Der parteipolitische Umgang mit dem Nationalsozialismus in Österreich, Frankfurt am Main. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lemke, Wolf-Dieter, 1980: Maḥmūd Šaltūt (1893 1963) und die Reform der Azhar. Untersuchungen zu Erneuerungsbestrebungen im ägyptisch-islamischen Erziehungssystem, Frankfurt am Main [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Leslau, Wolf, 1957: Coutumes et croyances des Falachas (Juifs d’Abyssinie), Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lewis, Bernard, 1973: Islam in History: Ideas, Men and Events in the Middle East, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lia, Brynjar, 2006: The Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt. The Rise of an Islamic Mass Movement 1928 1942, Reading. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lightfoot-Klein, Hanny, 1989: Prisoners of Ritual. An Odyssey into Female Genital Circumcision in Africa, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lock, Margaret / Nguyen, Vinh-Kim, 2010: An Anthropology of Biomedicine, Malden, Mass. [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lohlker, Rüdiger, 2012: Islamisches Recht, Wien. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lombardi, Clark B., 2006: State Law as Islamic Law in Modern Egypt. The Incorporation of the Sharī’a into Egyptian Constitutional Law, Leiden [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lotfy, Safwat Hassan [u. a.], 1996: Female Circumcision Procedure. In: Journal of the Egyptian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology 22/4, S. 711-715. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
MacIntyre, Alasdair C., 1984: After Virtue. A Study in Moral Theory, Notre Dame, Ind., 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
MacLeod, Roy M. / Lewis, Milton (Hg.), 1988: Disease, Medicine, and Empire. Perspectives on Western Medicine and the Experience of European Expansion, London / New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahfouz, Naguib, 1935: The History of Medical Education, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahfouz, Naguib, 1949: Atlas of Mahfouz’s Obstetric and Gynaecological Museum, Bd. 2, Altrincham. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahfouz, Naguib, 1966: The Life of an Egyptian Doctor, Edinburgh / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahmood, Saba, 2005: Politics of Piety. The Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject, Princeton [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahran, M., 1981: Medical Dangers of Female Circumcision. In: IPPF Medical Bulletin 15/2, S. 1-3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Makhlouf, Ahmed Gad, 2017: Zur Mitwirkung von Frauen in den Fiqh-Institutionen. In: Zeitschrift für Recht und Islam 9, S. 135 154. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Malherbe, A., 1874: Maladies des voies urinaires. In: Le progrès médical. Journal de médecine, de chirurgie et de pharmacie 2, S. 240. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mallat, Chibli, 1996: Tantawi on Banking Operations in Egypt. In: Masud, Muhammad Khalid / Messick, Brinkley / Powers, David S. (Hg.): Islamic Legal Interpretation. Muftis and Their Fatwas, Cambridge, Mass. / London, S. 286 296. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Malmström, Maria Frederika, 2013: The Production of Sexual Mutilation among Muslim Women in Cairo. In: Global Discourse 3/2, S. 306 321. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Malmström, Maria Frederika, 2016: The Politics of Female Circumcision in Egypt. Gender, Sexuality and the Construction of Identity, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Malmström, Maria / Van Raemdonck, An, 2015: „The Clitoris Is in the Head!“ Female Circumcision and the Making of a Harmful Cultural Practice in Egypt. In: Longman, Chia / Bradley, Tamsin (Hg.): Interrogating Harmful Cultural Practices: Gender, Culture and Coercion, Farnham / Burlington, S. 121-137. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Malone, Padraig / Steinbrecher, Henrik, 2007: Medical Aspects of Male Circumcision. In: British Medical Journal 335/7631, S. 1206 1209. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mandaville, Peter, 2007: Globalization and the Politics of Religious Knowledge. Pluralizing Authority in the Muslim World. In: Theory, Culture & Society 24/2, S. 101-115. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Marshall, Dominique, 2004: Children’s Rights in Imperial Political Cultures: Missionary and Humanitarian Contributions to the Conference on the African Child of 1931. In: The International Journal of Children’s Rights 12/3, S. 273 318. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Massad, Joseph A., 2007: Desiring Arabs, Chicago / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Masters, William H. / Johnson, Virginia E., 1967: Die sexuelle Reaktion, übers. v. V. Siegusch und J. D. Wilson, Frankfurt am Main. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Masud, Muhammad Khalid / Messick, Brinkley / Powers, David S., 1996: Muftis, Fatwas, and Islamic Legal Interpretation. In: Dies. (Hg.): Islamic Legal Interpretation. Muftis and Their Fatwas, Cambridge, Mass. / London, S. 3 32. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
McIntosh, C. Alison / Finkle, Jason L., 1995: The Cairo Conference on Population and Development: A New Paradigm? In: Population and Development Review 21/2, S. 223 260. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Meinardus, Otto F. A., 1970: Christian Egypt. Faith and Life, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mernissi, Fatima, 1991: Geschlecht, Ideologie, Islam, München, 4. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Messick, Brinkley Morris, 1993: The Calligraphic State. Textual Domination and History in a Muslim Society, Berkeley [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ministry of Health and Population / El Zanaty and Associates / ICF International, 2015a: Egypt Health Issues Survey 2015, Cairo / Rockville, Md. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ministry of Health and Population / El Zanaty and Associates / ICF International, 2015b: Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 2014, Cairo / Rockville, Md. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ministry of State for Population, o. J.: The National FGM Abandonment Strategy 2016 2020, [Cairo]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mir-Hosseini, Ziba, 2012: Sexuality and Inequality: The Marriage Contract and Muslim Legal Tradition. In: Hélie, Anissa / Hoodfar, Homa (Hg.): Sexuality in Muslim Contexts. Restrictions and Resistance, London / New York, S. 124 148. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mitchell, Timothy J., 1991: Colonising Egypt, Berkeley [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mitchell, Timothy, 2000a: Introduction. In: Ders. (Hg.): Questions of Modernity, Minneapolis / London, S. XI XXVII. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mitchell, Timothy, 2000b: The Stage of Modernity. In: Ders. (Hg.): Questions of Modernity, Minneapolis / London, S. 1 34. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mitchell, Timothy, 2002: Rule of Experts. Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity, Berkeley [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Moaddel, Mansoor, 2005: Islamic Modernism, Nationalism, and Fundamentalism. Episode and Discourse, Chicago [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Modrek, Sepideh / Sieverding, Maia, 2016: Mother, Daughter, Doctor: Medical Professionals and Mothers’ Decision Making about Female Genital Cutting in Egypt. In: International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, S. 81-92. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Morsy, Hassan Ragab, 1963: Die ägyptische Presse: Struktur und Entwicklung der ägyptischen Presse der Gegenwart, Hannover. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Morsy, Soheir A., 1993: Gender, Sickness, and Healing in Rural Egypt. Ethnography in Historical Context, Boulder [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Moscucci, Ornella, 1996: Clitoridectomy, Circumcision, and the Politics of Sexual Pleasure in Mid-Victorian Britain. In: Miller, Andrew H. / Adams, James Eli (Hg.): Sexualities in Victorian Britain, Bloomington, S. 60 78. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mostafa, S. R. A. [u. a.], 2006: What Do Medical Students in Alexandria Know about Female Genital Mutilation? In: Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 12, S. 78 92. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Moussa, Jasmine, 2011: Competing Fundamentalisms and Egyptian Women’s Family Rights. International Law and the Reform of Sharīʿa-Derived Legislation, Leiden / Boston. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Moustafa, Tamir, 2000: Conflict and Cooperation between the State and Religious Institutions in Contemporary Egypt. In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 32/1, S. 3 22. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mūsā, Salāma, 1961: The Education of Salāma Mūsā, übers. v. Lein Oebele Schuman, Leiden. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mustafa, Asim Zaki, 1966: Female Circumcision and Infibulation in the Sudan. In: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 73/2, S. 302 306. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nader, Laura, 1996: Introduction. Anthropological Inquiry into Boundaries, Power, and Knowledge. In: Dies. (Hg.): Naked Science. Anthropological Inquiry into Boundaries, Power, and Knowledge, New York / London, S. 1-25. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nagel, Tilman, 2001: Das islamische Recht. Eine Einführung, Westhofen. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Naguib, Sameh, 2009: Islamism(s) Old and New. In: El Mahdi, Rabab / Marfleet, Philip (Hg.): Egypt, the Moment of Change, London / New York, S. 103 119. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nahas, Gabriel G., 1985: Hashish and Drug Abuse in Egypt during the 19th and 20th Centuries. In: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 61/5, S. 428 444. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Najmabadi, Afsaneh, 2014: Professing Selves. Transsexuality and Same-Sex Desire in Contemporary Iran, Durham / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
New Women Foundation, 2018: Reviving Task Force against FGM, Why?, abrufbar unter: http://nwrcegypt.org/en/?p=11250 (letzter Zugriff: 21.06.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nielsen, Jørgen S. / Christoffersen, Lisbet (Hg.), 2010: Shari’a as Discourse. Legal Traditions and the Encounter with Europe, Farnham [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Njambi, Wairimũ Ngarũiya, 2007: Irua Ria Atumia and Anti-Colonial Struggles among the Gĩkũyũ of Kenya: A Counter Narrative on „Female Genital Mutilation“. In: Critical Sociology 33/4, S. 689 708. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nnaemeka, Obioma (Hg.), 2005a: Female Circumcision and the Politics of Know¬l⁠e⁠d⁠g⁠e. African Women in Imperialist Discourses, Westport, Conn. / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nnaemeka, Obioma, 2005b: The Challenges of Border-Crossing: African Women and Transnational Feminisms. In: Dies. (Hg.): Female Circumcision and the Politics of Knowledge. African Women in Imperialist Discourses, Westport, Conn. / London, S. 3 18. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
No Peace Without Justice, 2005: Sub-Regional Conference on Female Genital Mutilation „Towards a Political and Religious Consensus against FGM“, Djibouti, 02.-03.02.2005. First Thematic Session: The Position of Islam on Female Genital Mutilation, abrufbar unter: http://www.npwj.org/FGM/First-Thematic-Session.html (letzter Zugriff: 23.02.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nour, Sanaa Aly / Rashad, Tessby Mohamed, 1988: Epidemiology of Female Circumcision in Sharkia Egypt. In: Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health 18/1, S. 89 103. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, 1999: Female Genital Surgeries: The Known, the Unknown, and the Unknowable. In: Medical Anthropology Quarterly 13/1, S. 79 106. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, 2005: The Consequences of Female Circumcision for Health and Sexuality: An Update on the Evidence. In: Culture, Health & Sexuality 7/5, S. 443 461. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Obiora, L. A., 1997a: The Little Foxes that Spoil the Vine. Revising the Feminist Critique of Female Circumcision. In: Canadian Journal of Women and the Law 9, S. 46 73. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Obiora, L. Amede, 1997b: Bridges and Barricades: Rethinking Polemics and Intransigence in the Campaign against Female Circumcision. In: Case Western Reserve Law Review 47, S. 275 378. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Opwis, Felicitas, 2005: Maṣlaḥa in Contemporary Islamic Legal Theory. In: Islamic Law and Society 12/2, S. 182 223. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Orelli, Luisa, 2002: Islam institutionnel égyptien et modernité: aperçu du débat à travers les fatâwâ d’al Azhar et de Dâr al Iftâ’. In: Studia Islamica 95, S. 109 133. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Østebø, Marit Tolo / Østebø, Terje, 2014: Are Religious Leaders a Magic Bullet for Social/Societal Change? A Critical Look at Anti-FGM Interventions in Ethiopia. In: Africa Today 60/3, S. 82 101. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Otterman, Sharon, 2006: Fatwas and Feminism: Women, Religious Authority, and Islamic TV. In: Transnational Broadcasting Studies, 2006, abrufbar unter: http://archived.tbsjournal.arabmediasociety.com/Otterman.html (letzter Zugriff: 14.11.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Pedersen, Susan, 1991: National Bodies, Unspeakable Acts: The Sexual Politics of Colonial Policy-Making. In: Journal of Modern History 63/4, S. 647 680. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Peters, Rudolph, 2005: Erneuerungsbewegungen im Islam vom 18. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert und die Rolle des Islams in der neueren Geschichte: Antikolonialismus und Nationalismus. In: Ende, Werner / Steinbach, Udo (Hg.): Der Islam in der Gegenwart, Bonn, Lizenzausg. der 5., aktualisierten und erw. Aufl., S. 90 127. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Pollard, Lisa, 2005: Nurturing the Nation. The Family Politics of Modernizing, Colonizing, and Liberating Egypt, 1805 1923, Berkeley. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Powell, Eve M. Troutt, 2003: A Different Shade of Colonialism. Egypt, Great Britain, and the Mastery of the Sudan, Berkeley / Los Angeles. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ragab, Ahmed R. A., 2008: Some Ethical Considerations Regarding Medicalization of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (Female Circumcision). In: Revista L⁠a⁠t⁠i⁠n⁠o¬americana de Bioética 8/1, S. 10 13. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ragab, Ahmed, 2012: Prophetic Traditions and Modern Medicine in the Middle East: Resurrection, Reinterpretation, and Reconstruction. In: Journal of the American Oriental Society 132/4, S. 657 673. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ragab, Ahmed, 2016: Monsters and Patients: An Archaeology of Medicine, Islam, and Modernity. In: History and Theory 55/4, S. 112 130. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ragheb, Seham S. / Smith, Eleanor / Mekhemer, Soheir A., 1978: Study of Know¬l⁠e⁠d⁠g⁠e and Attitudes of Nurses in Alexandria Towards Female Circumcision. In: Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health 8/1, S. 293 306. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ranko, Annette, 2015: The Muslim Brotherhood and Its Quest for Hegemony in Egypt. State-Discourse and Islamist Counter-Discourse, Wiesbaden. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rasheed, Salah M. / Abd-Ellah, Ahmed H. / Yousef, Fouad M., 2011: Female Genital Mutilation in Upper Egypt in the New Millennium. In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 114/1, S. 47 50. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rasheed, Shoaib A. / Padela, Aasim I., 2013: The Interplay between Religious Leaders and Organ Donation among Muslims. In: Zygon 48/3, S. 635 654. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Refaat, Amany H. [u. a.], 2001: Attitudes of Medical Students towards Female Genital Mutilation. In: Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 27/5, S. 589 591. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Refaat, Amany, 2009: Medicalization of Female Genital Cutting in Egypt. In: Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 15/6, S. 1379 1388. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Refaat, Leila Abdel-Raheem / Farag, Asmaa Saied / Ramadan, Iman Kamal, 2009: Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Female Genital Mutilation and Its Relation to Sexual Function. In: Al Azhar Assiut Medical Jorunal 7/2, S. 316 331. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Reid, Donald M., 1974: The Rise of Professions and Professional Organizations in Modern Egypt. In: Comparative Studies in Society and History 16/1, S. 24 57. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Reinhart, A. Kevin, 2003: The Past in the Future of Islamic Ethics. In: Brockopp, Jonathan E. (Hg.): Islamic Ethics of Life. Abortion, War and Euthanasia, Columbia, SC, S. 214 219. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Reinhart, A. Kevin, 2012: Ṭahāra. In: Bearman, P. [u. a.] (Hg.): Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Leiden / London, erste Onlineveröffentlichung, abrufbar unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573 3912_islam_SIM_7305 (letzter Zugriff: 07.12.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rispler-Chaim, Vardit, 1993: Islamic Medical Ethics in the Twentieth Century, Leiden. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Robinson, Francis, 2009: Crisis of Authority: Crisis of Islam? In: Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 19/3, S. 339 354. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rock-Singer, Aaron, 2015: A Pious Public: Islamic Magazines and Revival in Egypt, 1976 1981. In: British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 42/4, S. 427 446. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rodriguez, Sarah B., 2014: Female Circumcision and Clitoridectomy in the United States. A History of a Medical Treatment, Rochester, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rodriguez, Sarah W., 2008: Rethinking the History of Female Circumcision and Clitoridectomy: American Medicine and Female Sexuality in the Late Nineteenth Century. In: Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 63/3, S. 323 347. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rohe, Mathias, 2009: Das islamische Recht. Geschichte und Gegenwart, München. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rohleder, Hermann, 1901: Vorlesungen über Sexualtrieb und Sexualleben des Menschen, Berlin. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rohleder, Hermann, 1912: Die Masturbation. Eine Monographie für Ärzte, Pädagogen und gebildete Eltern, Berlin, 3., verb. u. verm. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rouzi, Abdulrahim A. [u. a.], 2019: Survey on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In: BMJ Open 9/5, abrufbar unter: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/5/e024684 (letzter Zugriff: 14.12.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Roy, Olivier, 1994: The Failure of Political Islam, übers. v. Carol Volk, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Russell, Thomas Wentworth, 1949: Egyptian Service 1902 1946, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rutherford, Bruce K., 2008: Egypt after Mubarak. Liberalism, Islam, and Democracy in the Arab World, Princeton [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ryzova, Lucie, 2005: Egyptianizing Modernity through the „New Effendiya“. Social and Cultural Constructions of the Middle Class in Egypt under the Monarchy. In: Goldschmidt, Arthur / Johnson, Amy J. / Salmoni, Barak A. (Hg.): Re-Envisioning Egypt 1919 1952, Cairo / New York, S. 124 163. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ryzova, Lucie, 2014: The Age of the Efendiyya. Passages to Modernity in National Colonial Egypt, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Said, Edward W., 1978: Orientalism, London [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Santing, Kiki M., 2020: Imagining the Perfect Society in Muslim Brotherhood Journals. An Analysis of al Daʿwa and Liwaʾ al Islam, Berlin / Boston. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sarasin, Philipp, 2003: Geschichtswissenschaft und Diskursanalyse, Frankfurt am Main. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sarasin, Philipp, 2011: Was ist Wissensgeschichte? In: Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 36/1, S. 159 172. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sayed, G. H. / Abd El Aty, M. A. / Fadel, K. A., 1996: The Practice of Female Genital Mutilation in Upper Egypt. In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 55/3, S. 285 291. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Schacht, Joseph, 1966: An Introduction to Islamic Law, Oxford, Nachdruck. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Schielke, Samuli, 2010: Second Thoughts about the Anthropology of Islam, or How to Make Sense of Grand Schemes in Everyday Life, ZMO Working Papers, Bd. 2, o. O. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Schmersahl, Katrin, 1998: Medizin und Geschlecht. Zur Konstruktion der Kategorie Geschlecht im medizinischen Diskurs des 19. Jahrhunderts, Opladen. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Schulze, Reinhard, 1990: Islamischer Internationalismus im 20. Jahrhundert. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Islamischen Weltliga, Leiden [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Scull, Andrew / Favreau, Diane, 1986: The Clitoridectomy Craze. In: Social Research 53/2, S. 243 260. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Seif El Dawla, Aida, 1999: The Political and Legal Struggle over Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt: Five Years since the ICPD. In: Reproductive Health Matters 7/13, S. 128 136. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sengers, Gerda, 2003: Women and Demons. Cult Healing in Islamic Egypt, Leiden. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Serour, G. I., 1994: Islam and the Four Principles. In: Gillon, Raanan (Hg.): Principles of Health Care Ethics, Chichester [u. a.], S. 75 91. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Serour, G. I., 2013a: Ethical Issues in Human Reproduction: Islamic Perspectives. In: Gynecological Endocrinology 29/11, S. 949 952. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Serour, G. I., 2013b: Medicalization of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. In: African Journal of Urology 19/3, S. 145 149. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shabana, Ayman, 2013: Religious and Cultural Legitimacy of Bioethics: Lessons from Islamic Bioethics. In: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 16/4, S. 671-677. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sharabi, Hisham, 1970: Arab Intellectuals and the West. The Formative Years, 1875 1914, Baltimore [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sharafeldin, Marwa, 2013: Egyptian Women’s Rights NGOs. Personal Status Law Reform between Islamic and International Human Rights Law. In: Mir-Hosseini, Ziba [u. a.] (Hg.): Gender and Equality in Muslim Family Law. Justice and Ethics in the Islamic Legal Tradition, London / New York, S. 57 80. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sharp, Evelyn, 1970: The African Child. An Account of the International Conference on African Children, Held in Geneva, June 1931, Westport, Conn., Nachdruck [1. Aufl. 1931]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sheehan, Elizabeth, 1985: Victorian Clitoridectomy: Isaac Baker Brown and His Harmless Operative Procedure. In: Gender Issues 5/1, S. 39 53. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina, 2001: The Medicalization of Female „Circumcision“: Harm Reduction or Promotion of a Dangerous Practice? In: Social Science & Medicine 52/7, S. 1013 1028. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina, 2008: From Health to Human Rights: Female Genital Cutting and the Politics of Intervention. In: American Anthropologist 110/2, S. 225 236. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina [u. a.], 2013: Legislating Change? Responses to Criminalizing Female Genital Cutting in Senegal. In: Law & Society Review 47/4, S. 803 835. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva (Hg.), 2000a: Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva, 2000b: Female „Circumcision“ in Africa: Dimensions of the Practice and Debates. In: Dies. (Hg.): Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London, S. 1-40. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Njue, Carolyne / Moore, Zhuzhi, 2017: The Medicalization of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: What Do the Data Reveal?, hg. v. Population Council, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Obiero, Walter Obungu / Muruli, Leunita Auko, 2000: Women without Choices: The Debate over Medicalization of Female Genital Cutting and Its Impact on a Northern Kenyan Community. In: Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva (Hg.): Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London, S. 109 128. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sholkamy, Hania, 2004: Conclusion. The Medical Cultures of Egypt. In: Dies. / Ghannam, Farha (Hg.): Health and Identity in Egypt, Cairo / New York, S. 111-128. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shorter, Edward, 1994: Moderne Leiden. Zur Geschichte der psychosomatischen Krankheiten, übers. v. Kurt Neff, Reinbek bei Hamburg. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shukrallah, Alaa / Mohamed, Hassan Khalil, 2012: Egypt in Crisis: Politics, Health Care Reform, and Social Mobilization for Health Rights. In: Jabbour, Samer / Yamout, Rouham (Hg.): Public Health in the Arab World, Cambridge, S. 477 488. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shukrallah, Salma, 2012: Mohamed Selim El Awa. In: Ahram Online, 02.04.2012, abrufbar unter: http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/36/124/36721/Presidential elections-/Meet-the-candidates/Mohamed-Selim-ElAwa.aspx (letzter Zugriff: 07.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Shweder, Richard A., 2005: When Cultures Collide: Which Rights? Whose Tradition of Values? A Critique of the Global Anti-FGM Campaign. In: Eisgruber, Christopher L. / Sajó, András (Hg.): Global Justice and the Bulwarks of Localism. Human Rights in Context, Leiden / Boston, S. 181-199. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob, 1997: Defining Islam for the Egyptian State. Muftis and Fatwas of the Dār al Iftā, Leiden [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob, 2004: A Typology of State Muftis. In: Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck / Stowasser, Barbara Freyer (Hg.): Islamic Law and the Challenges of Modernity, Walnut Creek, Calif. [u. a.], S. 81-97. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob, 2010: Shari’a and the Constitutional Debate in Egypt. In: Nielsen, Jørgen S. / Christoffersen, Lisbet (Hg.): Shari’a as Discourse. Legal Traditions and the Encounter with Europe, Farnham [u. a.], S. 199 208. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob, 2013: Egypt’s ʿUlama in the State, in Politics, and in the Islamist Vision. In: Arjomand, Saïd Amir / Brown, Nathan J. (Hg.): The Rule of Law, Islam, and Constitutional Politics in Egypt and Iran, Albany, NY, S. 279 302. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob, 2015: A Typology of Fatwas. In: Die Welt des Islams 55/3 4, S. 278 285. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Smith, Rennie, 1931: International Conference on African Children. In: Journal of the Royal African Society 30/120, S. 272 276. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sonbol, Amira El Azhary, 1991: The Creation of a Medical Profession in Egypt, 1800 1922, Syracuse, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sonbol, Amira El Azhary, 2009: The Genesis of Family Law: How Shari‘ah, Custom and Colonial Laws Influenced the Development of Personal Status Codes. In: Anwar, Zainah (Hg.): Wanted. Equality and Justice in the Muslim Family, Petaling Jaya, S. 179 207. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Soueif, M. I., 1967: Hashish Consumption in Egypt, with Special Reference to Psychosocial Aspects. In: Bulletin on Narcotics 19/2, S. 1-12. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 1988: Can the Subaltern Speak? In: Nelson, Cary / Grossberg, Lawrence (Hg.): Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, Urbana / Chicago, S. 271-313. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Stachursky, Benjamin, 2013: The Promise and Perils of Transnationalisation: NGO Activism and the Socialisation of Women’s Human Rights in Egypt and Iran, New York / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Staub-Bernasconi, Silvia, 2010: Die Menschenrechte – Das Dilemma zwischen Universalismus und Pluralismus/Kontextualismus. In: Das Argument. Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften 52/1, S. 60 70. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Stoler, Ann Laura, 1995: Race and the Education of Desire. Foucault’s History of Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things, Durham / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Stuckrad, Kocku von, 2010: Reflections on the Limits of Reflection: An Invitation to the Discursive Study of Religion. In: Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 22/2 3, S. 156 169. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Stuckrad, Kocku von, 2013: Discursive Study of Religion: Approaches, Definitions, Implications. In: Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 25/1, S. 5 25. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sukkary, Soheir, 1981: She is No Stranger: The Traditional Midwife in Egypt. In: Medical Anthropology 5/1, S. 27 34. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Svetlova, Ksenia, 2014: The New Media and Islamic Activism: The Case of ʿAmr Khalid. In: Ephrat, Daphna / Hatina, Meir (Hg.): Religious Knowledge, Authority, and Charisma. Islamic and Jewish Perspectives, Salt Lake City, S. 187 205. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Taba, A. H., 1979: Female Circumcision. In: Baasher, Taha / World Health Organization (Hg.): Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children. Report of a Seminar, Khartoum, 10 15 February 1979, WHO/EMRO Technical Publication No. 2, Bd. 1, Alexandria, S. 43 52. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tadros, Mariz, 2012: The Muslim Brotherhood in Contemporary Egypt. Democracy Defined or Confined?, London / New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tadros, Mariz, 2016: Resistance, Revolt, and Gender Justice in Egypt, Syracuse, NY. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tageldin, Shaden M., 2011: Disarming Words. Empire and the Seductions of Translation in Egypt, Berkeley [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tantawi, Mohamed Sayed, 2003: Islam and Female Genital Mutilation. In: Asso¬c⁠i⁠a¬zione Italiana Donne per lo Sviluppo / No Peace Without Justice / The Egyptian Society for the Prevention of Harmful Practices (Hg.): Afro-Arab Expert Consultation on Legal Tools for the Prevention of Female Genital Mutilation, Cairo, S. 23 24. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
TARGET – Rüdiger Nehberg, 2006: Rundschreiben 2006, abrufbar unter: http://www.target-nehberg.de/sites/default/files/2017 02/TARGETJahresrundschreiben2006.pdf (letzter Zugriff: 22.05.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tawfik, Tawfik A. [u. a.], 1994: Family Planning Health Workers’ Information, Beliefs and Practices of Female Circumcision. In: Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health 24/1, S. 243 262. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Thabet, Saeed Mohamad Ahmad, 2009: Reality of the G-Spot and Its Relation to Female Circumcision and Vaginal Surgery. In: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 35/5, S. 967 973. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Thabet, Saeed Mohamad Ahmad / Thabet, Ahmed S. M. A., 2003: Defective Sexuality and Female Circumcision: The Cause and the Possible Management. In: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 29/1, S. 12 19. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
The British Medical Journal, 1892: The Late Khedive and His Medical Attendants. In: The British Medical Journal 1/1620, S. 138 139. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
The Economist, 18.04.2015: A Pill for Work and Play. A Painkiller Becomes Egypt’s Favourite Recreational Drug, abrufbar unter: https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21648690 painkiller-becomes-egypts-favourite-recreational drug-pill-work-and-play (letzter Zugriff: 01.05.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Thielmann, Jörn, 2003: Naṣr Ḥāmid Abū Zaid und die wiedererfundene ḥisba. Šarīʿa und Qānūn im heutigen Ägypten, Würzburg. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Thomas, Lynn, 2000: „Ngaitana (I will Circumcise myself)“: Lessons from Colonial Campaigns to Ban Excision in Meru, Kenya. In: Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva (Hg.): Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London, S. 129 150. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tolino, Serena, 2012: The Anti-FGM Discourse in Contemporary Egypt. In: Arda, Berna / Rispler-Chaim, Vardit (Hg.): Islam and Bioethics, Ankara, S. 213 225. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tolino, Serena, 2014: Homosexuality in the Middle East: An Analysis of Dominant and Competitive Discourses. In: DEP (Deportate, Esule, Profughe) 25, S. 72 91. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Tolino, Serena, 2017: Transgenderism, Transsexuality and Sex-Reassignment Surgery in Contemporary Sunni Fatwas. In: Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 17/6, S. 223 246. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Toubia, Nahid / Izett, Susan, 1998: Female Genital Mutilation. An Overview, hg. v. World Health Organization, o. O. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Trepesch, Elisabeth, 2016: Die Debatte über weibliche Genitalverstümmelung in ägyptischen Fatwas des 20. Jahrhunderts. In: Zeitschrift für Recht und Islam 8, S. 159 180. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Van Raemdonck, An, 2013: Egyptian Activism against Female Genital Cutting as Catachrestic Claiming. In: Religion & Gender 3/2, S. 222 239. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Van Raemdonck, An, 2016: Female Genital Cutting and the Politics of Islamicate Practices in Egypt. Debating Development and the Religious/Secular Divide. Unveröff. Diss., Universität Gent, Gent. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Van Raemdonck, An, 2019: Paradoxes of Awareness Raising in Development: Gender and Sexual Morality in Anti-FGC Campaigning in Egypt. In: Culture, Health & Sexuality 21/10, S. 1177 1191. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Varisco, Daniel Martin, 2007: Reading Orientalism. Said and the Unsaid, Seattle. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Velpeau, Alfred, 1829: Traité élémentaire de l’art des accouchemens ou principes de tokologie et d’embryologie, Bd. 1, Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Vogd, Werner, 2007: Medizin und Wissen. In: Schützeichel, Rainer (Hg.): Handbuch Wissenssoziologie und Wissensforschung, Konstanz, S. 579 587. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Voorhoeve, Maaike / Dupret, Baudouin, 2012: Introduction. In: Voorhoeve, Maaike (Hg.): Family Law in Islam. Divorce, Marriage and Women in the Muslim World, London / New York, S. 1-10. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wade, Lisa, 2012: Learning from „Female Genital Mutilation“: Lessons from 30 Years of Academic Discourse. In: Ethnicities 12/1, S. 26 49. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
WADI e. V., o. J.: Studies on FGM in Asia, abrufbar unter: http://www.stopfgmmideast.org/background/research/ (letzter Zugriff: 08.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
WADI e. V., o. J.: Where in Asia Is FGM Practiced?, abrufbar unter: http://www.stopfgmmideast.org/background/where-is-fgm-practiced/ (letzter Zugriff: 08.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wagner, Natascha, 2015: Female Genital Cutting and Long-Term Health Consequences – Nationally Representative Estimates across 13 Countries. In: The Journal of Development Studies 51/3, S. 226 246. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wahba, Nada / El Banhawi, Hania / El Ayouti, Amira, 2020: Understanding Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Abandonment in Egypt, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Watenpaugh, Keith David, 2006: Being Modern in the Middle East. Revolution, Nationalism, Colonialism, and the Arab Middle Class, Princeton / Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wickham, Carrie Rosefsky, 2002: Mobilizing Islam. Religion, Activism, and Political Change in Egypt, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wickham, Carrie Rosefsky, 2013: The Muslim Brotherhood. Evolution of an Islamist Movement, Princeton / Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Winkler, Hans Alexander, 1934: Bauern zwischen Wasser und Wüste: Volkskundliches aus dem Dorfe Kimân in Oberägypten, Stuttgart. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Winkler, Hans Alexander, 1936: Ägyptische Volkskunde, Stuttgart. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Winter, Michael, 1995: Islam and the State: Pragmatism and Growing Commitment. In: Shamir, Shimon (Hg.): Egypt from Monarchy to Republic. A Reassessment of Revolution and Change, Boulder [u. a.], S. 44 58. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Yeğenoğlu, Meyda, 1998: Colonial Fantasies. Towards a Feminist Reading of Orientalism, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zabus, Chantal J., 2007: Between Rites and Rights. Excision in Women’s Experiential Texts and Human Contexts, Stanford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zaman, Muhammad Qasim, 2002: The Ulama in Contemporary Islam. Custodians of Change, Princeton / Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zaman, Muhammad Qasim, 2009: The Ulama and Contestations on Religious Authority. In: Masud, Muhammad Khalid / Salvatore, Armando / Bruinessen, Martin van (Hg.): Islam and Modernity. Key Issues and Debates, Edinburgh, S. 206 236. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zebiri, Kate, 1993: Maḥmūd Shaltūt and Islamic Modernism, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zeghal, Malika, 1996: Gardiens de l’islam. Les oulémas d’Al Azhar dans l’Égypte contemporaine, Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zeghal, Malika, 1997: La guerre des fatwâ-s. Gad al Haqq et Tantawi: Les cheikh-s à l’épreuve du pouvoir. In: Les Cahiers de l’Orient 45, S. 81-95. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zeghal, Malika, 1999: Religion and Politics in Egypt: The ulema of al Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952 94). In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 31/3, S. 371-399. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zeghal, Malika, 2007: The „Recentering“ of Religious Knowledge and Discourse: The Case of al Azhar in Twentieth-Century Egypt. In: Hefner, Robert W. / Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (Hg.): Schooling Islam. The Culture and Politics of Modern Muslim Education, Princeton / Oxford, S. 107 130. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ze’evi, Dror, 2006: Producing Desire. Changing Sexual Discourse in the Ottoman Middle East, 1500 1900, Berkeley. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zinsser, Judith P., 2002: From Mexico to Copenhagen to Nairobi: The United Nations Decade for Women, 1975 1985. In: Journal of World History 13/1, S. 139 168. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abd el Salam, Seham, 1998: A Comprehensive Approach for Communication about Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt. Vortrag auf dem Fifth International Symposium on Sexual Mutilation, Oxford, 05. 08.08.1998. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Assaad, Marie Bassili, 1979: Female Circumcision in Egypt: Current Research and Social Implications, American University in Cairo – Social Research Center. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Assaad, Marie Bassili, 1980a: Practical Proposals for the Eradication of Female Circumcision in Egypt. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
FGM Task Force, o. J.: Outlook and Strategies. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dustūr ǧumhūrīyat Miṣr al ʿarabīya, 1971. In: al Ǧarīda ar rasmīya 14 (12.09.1971), S. 1-16. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Qarār maǧlis aš šaʿb bi taʿdīl ad dustūr, 1980. In: al Ǧarīda ar rasmīya 26 (26.06.1980), S. 936 941. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Qarār wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa D. ʿAlī ʿAbd al Fattāḥ, 1994. In: ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl / ʿAbd as Salām, Sihām (Hg.), 1998: Mauqif al aṭibbāʾ min ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 104. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bayān ṣādira min al laǧna al mušakkala bi qarār wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa li munāqašat ẓāhirat ḫitān al ināṯ, [1994]. In: ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl / ʿAbd as Salām, Sihām (Hg.), 1998: Mauqif al aṭibbāʾ min ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 105 107. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Taʿlīmāt wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa [ʿAlī ʿAbd al Fattāḥ] bi ilġāʾ as samāḥ iǧrāʾ ḫitān al ināṯ fī l mustašfayāt al ʿāmma, 1995. In: ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl (Hg.), 1995: Taqrīr ʿan wuršat al ʿamal ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 79. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Erlass Nr. 261/1996 des Gesundheitsministers Ismāʿīl Sallām: Qarār wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa D. Ismāʿīl Sallām, 1996. In: ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl / ʿAbd as Salām, Sihām (Hg.), 1998: Mauqif al aṭibbāʾ min ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 108. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Erlass Nr. 271/2007 des Gesundheitsministers Ḥātim al Ǧalabī: Qarār raqm 271 li sana 2007. In: al Waqāʾiʿ al miṣrīya 180/158, S. 12. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Qānūn raqm 126 li sana 2008 bi taʿdīl baʿd aḥkām qānūn aṭ ṭifl aṣ ṣādir bi l qānūn raqm 12 li sana 1996 wa qānūn al ʿuqūbāt aṣ ṣādir bi l qānūn raqm 58 li sana 1937 wa l qānūn raqm 143 li sana 1994 fī šaʾn al aḥwāl al madanīya. In: al Ǧarīda ar rasmīya 51 (15.06.2008), S. 2 27. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Qānūn al ʿuqūbāt al miṣrī ṭibqan li aḥdaṯ at taʿdīlāt, 2011, hg. v. Wizārat at tiǧāra wa ṣ ṣināʿa al ḫāriǧīya, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Oberster Verwaltungsgerichtshof, Urteil vom 28.12.1997 in der Berufungssache Nr. 5257 des Gerichtsjahres 43 (Gesundheitsminister vs. Scheich Yūsuf al Badrī u. a.). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Verwaltungsgerichtshof, Urteil vom 16.12.2008 in der Berufungssache Nr. 13677 (Gesundheitsminister und Mufti der Republik gegen Ḥāmid Ṣadīq Sayyid Makkī u. a.) und Nr. 32850 (Gesundheitsminister u. a. gegen Scheich Yūsuf al Badrī) des Gerichtsjahres 61. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Oberstes Verfassungsgericht, Urteil vom 03.02.2013 in der Berufungssache Nr. 13677 (Gesundheitsminister und Mufti der Republik gegen Ḥāmid Ṣadīq S⁠a⁠y⁠y⁠i⁠d Makkī u. a.) und Nr. 32850 (Gesundheitsminister u. a. gegen Scheich Y⁠ū⁠s⁠u⁠f al Badrī) des Gerichtsjahres 61. In: al Ǧarīda ar rasmīya 65 (12.02.2013), S. 32 39. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Verwaltungsgerichtshof, Urteil vom 21.02.2016 in der Berufungssache Nr. 13677 (Gesundheitsminister und Mufti der Republik gegen Ḥāmid Ṣadīq Sayyid Makkī u. a.) und Nr. 32850 (Gesundheitsminister u. a. gegen Scheich Yūsuf al Badrī) des Gerichtsjahres 61. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Economic and Social Council, Resolution 680 B II (XXVI): Ritual Operations, 10.07.1958. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Economic and Social Council, Resolution: Deprivation of Women of Certain Essential Human Rights, 28.05.1952 (E/RES/445(XIV)). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
League of Nations, Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs, Minutes of the Thirteenth Session, Genf, 20.01.-14.02.1930 (C.121.M.39.1930.XI.). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, Fourteenth Session, Supplement No. 6: Commission on the Status of Women. Report to the Economic and Social Council on the Sixth Session of the Commission, Genf, 24.03.-05.04.1952 (E/2208). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, Twenty-Sixth Session, Supplement No. 7: Commission on the Status of Women. Report of the Twelfth Session, 17.03.-03.04.1958 (E/3096). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Official Records of the World Health Organization, No. 95: Twelfth World Health Assembly, Genf, 12. 29.05.1959. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Twelfth World Health Assembly, Resolution 680 B II (XXVI) of the Economic and Social Council: Ritual Operations, 28.05.1959 (WHA12.53). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, o. J.: Egypt, abrufbar unter: http://uis.unesco.org/country/EG (letzter Zugriff: 24.05.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
UNICEF, 2013: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Statistical Overview and Exploration of the Dynamics of Change, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
UNICEF, 2018: Female Genital Mutilation – UNICEF DATA, abrufbar unter: https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/female-genital-mutilation/ (letzter Zugriff: 08.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
World Health Organization, Executive Board, Twenty-Third Session, Provisional Agenda Item 9.1: Co-operation with United Nations and Specialized Agencies and Their Decisions Affecting the Work of the World Health Organization, 08.01.1959 (EB23/62). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
World Health Organization, Executive Board, Twenty-Third Session, Minutes of the Eighteenth Meeting, Genf, 02.02.1959 (EB23/Min/18 Rev. 1). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
World Health Organization, 1982: Female Circumcision. Statement of WHO Position and Activities, Geneva. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
World Health Organization, 2010: Global Strategy to Stop Health-Care Providers from Performing Female Genital Mutilation. UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, U⁠N⁠H⁠C⁠R, UNICEF, UNIFEM, WHO, FIGO, ICN, IOM, MWIA, WCPT, W⁠M⁠A, Geneva (WHO/RHR/10.9). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
World Health Organization / UNICEF / United Nations Population Fund, 1997: Female Genital Mutilation. A Joint WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA Statement, Geneva. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Journal of the Egyptian Medical Association 1928 1987 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
at Tarbiya al ḥadīṯa 1928 1962 [einige Jahrgänge] Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Hilāl 1929 1971 [einige Jahrgänge] Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ar Risāla 1933 1953 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maǧallat al Azhar 1935 1960, 1980 2013 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Liwāʾ al islām 1947 1961, 1971-1984, 1990 1995 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr 1947 1973 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rūz al Yūsuf 1951-1964 [einige Jahrgänge] Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ahrām 1952, 1958/59 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ǧumhūrīya 1953 1955 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥawwāʾ 1955 1959 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
at Taḥrīr 1957/58 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 1969 2010 [lückenhafte Bestände 1985 1992] Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Daʿwa 1976 1981 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Minbar al islām 1976 2010 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Iʿtiṣām 1986 1990 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Muḫtār al islāmī 1987 1997, 2006 2009 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Liwāʾ al islāmī 1994 1997 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ahrām Online-Archiv 2003 2010 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Maṣrī al yaum Online-Archiv 2006 2008 Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Pressearchiv des Centre d’Etudes et de Documentation Economique, Juridique et So¬c⁠i⁠a⁠l⁠e, http://cedej.bibalex.org/ (Artikel aus diversen ägyptischen Tageszeitungen, 1992 2008) Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbbās, Ǧamāl, 2008: ʿIyādat an nisāʾ wa t taulīd. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 39/469, S. 119. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al ʿAzīz, Fauzī Aḥmad, 2003: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa t taulīd. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 35/417, S. 119. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Fattāḥ, Kāmīlīya, 1979: al Aḍrār an nafsīya li ḫitān al banāt. In: Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 24 28. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Ǧalīl, Sālim, 2007: Ḫitān al ināṯ laisa min aš šaʿāʾir. In: Minbar al islām 66/7, S. 120 128. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Ǧalīl, Sālim, 2010: al Ḫitān laisa min šaʿāʾir al islām. In: Wizārat al auqāf (Hg.): Ḫitān al ināṯ laisa min šaʿāʾir al islām, al Qāhira, [1. Aufl. 2007], S. 14 23. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl (Hg.), 1995: Taqrīr ʿan wuršat al ʿamal ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl / Markaz al Qāhira li dirāsāt ḥuqūq al insān, 1998: Lā tarāǧuʿ. Kafāḥ qurya miṣrīya li l qaḍāʾ ʿalā l ḫitān, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl / ʿAbd as Salām, Sihām, 1998: Mauqif al aṭibbāʾ min ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Ḥalīm, Ibtiṣām, 1973: al Ḫitān baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām. In: Minbar al islām 31/6, S. 174-176. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Ḥalīm, Inās, 1983: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa l wilāda. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 15/174, S. 114. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Ḥamīd, Ṭāriq, 1994: Iṯārat qaḍīyat »al ḫitān« tahdufu li tašwīh ṣurat al islām. In: aš Šaʿb, 30.09.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=135816 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Muḥsin, Maǧdī, 1999: ʿIyādat an nisāʾ wa t taulīd. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 31/372, S. 107. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd al Munʿim, ʿĀmir, 1994: Šaiḫ al Azhar: ḫitān aḏ ḏukūr wa l ināṯ min šaʿāʾir al islām. In: aš Šaʿb, 14.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=312723 (letzter Zugriff: 12.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd ar Raḥīm, ʿAlī Ḥāmid, 1990: Ḥukm al ḫitān. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 62/10, S. 1020. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd ar Raḥīm, Ǧamāl, 1997: al Muftī fī fatwā ḥāsima li l qaḍāʾ: al ḫitān sunna tanẓīmīya.. wa laisa wāǧiban. In: al Ǧumhūrīya, 27.05.1997, S. 1, 3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd ar Raḥmān, Īmān, 2007: al Maǧlis al qaumī li ṭ ṭufūla yuʿīdu tarḥ mašrūʿ qānūn taǧrīm al ḫitān. In: al Masāʾīya, 29.06.2007, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327226 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd ar Raḥmān, Īmān, 2008: Bi sabab taǧrīm ḫitān al ināṯ: ṣidām baina šaiḫ a⁠l⁠ ⁠A⁠z⁠h⁠a⁠r wa maǧmaʿ al buḥūṯ al islāmīya. In: al Masāʾīya, 14.03.2008, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327276 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd ar Rāziq, Abū Bakr, 1989: al Ḫitān: raʾy ad dīn wa l ʿilm fī ḫitān al aulād wa l banāt, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd as Salām, Sihām, o. J.: Ḫitān al banāt bi aidī l aṭibbāʾ intihāk li ādāb a⁠l⁠ ⁠m⁠i⁠h⁠n⁠a. In: Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf / Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda / Ǧamʿīyat at tanmiya aṣ ṣiḥḥīya wa l bīʾīya (Hg.): Nadwa »Ḫitān al ināṯ – manẓūr ʿilmī iǧtimāʿī«, 03.12.1994, al Qāhira, S. 25 29. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd as Salām, Ṣubḥī, 2007: Ǧabhat ʿulamāʾ al Azhar hāǧamat fatāwā šaiḫ al Azhar wa l muftī bi taḥrīm ḫitān al ināṯ wa akkadat annahu min aš šarīʿa al islāmīya. In: ad Dustūr, 03.08.2007, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327254 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbd as Salām, Walīd, 2018: Māḏā qaddama wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa li l qaḍāʾ ʿalā ǧarāʾim ḫitān al ināṯ: 6 maʿlūmāt. In: al Yaum as sābiʿ, 06.02.2018, abrufbar unter: https://www.youm7.com/story/2018/2/6/6/3637609 (letzter Zugriff: 29.08.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbdallāh, ʿAbd ar Raḥmān Aḥmad, 1993: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 25/300, S. 106. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbdallāh, Aḥmad, 1998: Muftī l ǧumhūrīya: 99 % min al aṭibbāʾ yaǧhalūna al ḫitān aš šarʿī li l ināṯ. In: al Aḥrār, 27.01.1998, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355995 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAbdurabbuh, Ḥusām, 1994: Ḥikāyat al ḫitān.. fī l adyān. In: al Aḫbār, 14.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=176798 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū Dāh, Ibrāhīm, 1994: Ḥaqīqat iḫtilāf al ʿulamāʾ wa l aṭibbāʾ ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ. In: as Siyāsī al miṣrī, 03.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356056 (letzter Zugriff: 12.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū Sāḥilīya, Sāmī ʿAwaḍ aḏ Ḏīb, 2012: Ḫitān aḏ ḏukūr wa l ināṯ ʿinda l yahūd wa l masīḥīyīn wa l muslimīn: al ǧadal ad dīnī wa ṭ ṭibbī wa l iǧtimāʿī wa l qānūnī. Dirāsa wa waṯāʾiq, hg. v. Centre de droit arabe et musulman, St. Sulpice. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl (Hg.), 1992: Dalīl aḍ ḍawābiṭ wa l aḫlāqīyāt fī buḥūṯ at takāṯur al bašarī bi l ʿālam al islāmī, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl / Raǧab, Aḥmad Riǧāʾ ʿAbd al Ḥamīd, 2005: Naḥwa l qaḍāʾ ʿalā ʿādat ḫitān al ināṯ. Asʾila wa stifsarāt ʿulamāʾ ad dīn al islāmī wa iǧābāt ʿanhā, hg. v. UNICEF, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl / Raǧab, Aḥmad Riǧāʾ ʿAbd al Ḥamīd, 2013: Ḫitān al ināṯ baina maġlūṭ ʿilmīyan wa l multabis fiqhīyan, hg. v. UNICEF / International Islamic Center for Population Studies & Research, al Qāhira, 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū Suʿūd, Niʿmat, 1979: Ḫibarāt maidānīya ʿan ʿādat mumārasat ḫitān al ināṯ fī Miṣr. In: Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 57 62. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abū Ṭāḥūn, Nāṣir, 1996: Dirāsa ʿilmīya tudāfiʿu ʿan ḫitān al banāt. In: al ʿArabī, 25.11.1996, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356013 (letzter Zugriff: 23.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Aḫbār, 16.04.1959: al Ḥabs wa l ġarāma ʿuqūbat ḫitān al banāt, S. 5. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Aḫbār, 22.04.1959: al Aṭibbāʾ yuʾayyidūna manʿ ḫitān al banāt li ḥimāyatihinna ṣiḥḥīyan wa nafsīyan ʿinda z zawāǧ, S. 5, 7. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Aḫbār, 14.09.1994: aš Šaiḫ aš Šaʿrāwī: laisa fī l islām ḫitān al unṯā wa huwa li r raǧul.. laisa farḍan wa lakinnahu sunna, S. 3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Aḫbār, 28.10.1994: al Muftī fī risāla li wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa: al aṭibbāʾ lahum al kalima al fāṣila fī ḫitān al banāt wa l ḫitān li ḏ ḏukūr min šaʿāʾir al islām, S. 7. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Aḥmad, Anwar, 1979: al Ḫalfīya ad dīnīya li mumārasat ʿādat ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 4 11. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Aḥmad, Anwar, 1999: Arāʾ ʿulamāʾ ad dīn al islāmī fī ḫitān al ināṯ, hg. v. al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l wiqāya min al mumārasāt aḍ ḍārra bi ṣiḥḥat al marʾa wa ṭ ṭifl, [al Qāhira], 3. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Aḥmad, Muḥammad Ḥilmī, 2007: Inqisāmāt niqābat al aṭibbāʾ ḥaula »manʿ al ḫitān«. In: al Mauqif al ʿarabī, 03.07.2007, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327234 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Aḥrār, 18.03.1997: al Muftī yuʾakkidu: ḫitān al ināṯ sunna tanẓīmīya, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=295935 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAlī, Nūr / Faḫrī, Nūrā / ʿAbd al Ǧalīl, Hišām, 2016: Maǧlis an nuwwāb y⁠u⁠w⁠ā⁠f⁠i⁠q⁠u ʿalā taġlīẓ ʿuqūbat ḫitān al ināṯ.. wa taṣilu li s siǧn 7 sanawāt. In: al Yaum as sābiʿ, 31.08.2016, abrufbar unter: Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
https://www.youm7.com/story/2016/8/31/2866012/ Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
مجلس-النواب-يوافق-على-تغليظ-عقوبة-ختان-الإناث-وتصل-للسجن (letzter Zugriff: 12.04.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Amīn, Aḥmad, 1953: al Ḫitān. In: Ders.: Qāmūs al ʿādāt wa t taqālīd wa t taʿābīr al miṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 187 189. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAmmār, Rušdī, 1979: al Aḍrār aṣ ṣiḥḥīya an nāǧiʿa ʿan ḫitān al banāt. In: Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 12 19. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAql, Imīl, 1945: ʿĀda yaǧibu al qaḍāʾ ʿalaihā. In: at Tarbiya al ḥadīṯa 19/2, S. 110 118. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAqqād, Sihām, 1997: al Ḫitān warāʾa l ḥašīš wa l bānǧū wa l ʿašīqāt wa ṭ ṭallāq. In: al Ahālī, 04.06.1997, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=176802 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿArafa, Muḥammad, 1953: al Ḫitān. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 24/10, S. 1242 1244. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿArnūs, Maḥmūd, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 57 59. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Asʿad, Mārī, 1979: al Ḫalfīya at tārīḫīya wa l iǧtimāʿīya li ʿādat mumārasat ḫitān al ināṯ fī Miṣr. In: Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 29 56. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Asʿad, Maurīs, o. J.: Ḫitān al ināṯ min munẓār masīḥī, hg. v. Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra bi l Qāhira, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAsqalānī, ʿAlīya, 1996: Qarār manʿ ḫitān al ināṯ yuḫālifu as sunna an nabawīya. In: al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 08.08.1996, S. 3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAsqalānī, ʿAlīya, 1997: Wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa yuḥāwilu iṣdār tašrīʿ yuǧarrimu ḫitān al ināṯ wa l aṭibbāʾ yadfaʿūna bi ʿadam dustūrīyat qarār al wazīr li muḫālafatihi li š šarīʿa al islāmīya. In: al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 16.10.1997, S. 16. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ašraf, Aiman, 2007: Āmna Nuṣair: an niqāb ʿāda yahūdīya wa libs al marʾa li l banṭalūn afḍal min libsihā li ayy malābis ḥarīmī. In: ad Dustūr, 14.08.2007, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=29871 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAwwā, Muḥammad Salīm, 1994a: Ḥukm aš šarīʿa fī ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Ahrām, 03.11.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355940 (letzter Zugriff: 12.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAwwā, Muḥammad Salīm, 1994b: Ḫitān al banāt laisa sunna wa lā makruma. In: aš Šaʿb, 18.11.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=176793 (letzter Zugriff: 12.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAwwā, Muḥammad Salīm, 1995: Ḫitān al banāt laisa sunna wa lā makruma. In: aṣ Ṣabbāġ, Muḥammad b. Luṭfī / Munaẓamma aṣ ṣiḥḥa al ʿālamīya (Hg.): al Ḥukm aš šarʿī fī ḫitān aḏ ḏukūr wa l ināṯ, al Qāhira, [Nachdr. 2011], S. 26 34. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al ʿAwwā, Muḥammad Salīm, 2005: Ḫitān al ināṯ fī manẓūr al islām, hg. v. al Maǧlis al qaumī li ṭ ṭufūla wa l umūma, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAyyād, Fāṭima, 2003: Šaiḫ al Azhar: lā yūǧadu naṣṣ fī l qurʾān au as sunna li ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Wafd, 12.06.2003, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=323007 (letzter Zugriff: 13.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Aẓīm Ābādī, Muḥammad Šams al Ḥaqq, 1998: ʿAun al maʿbūd. Šarḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd, Bd. 7: 13/14, Bairūt. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAzzām, Ḥasan, 1994a: al Ḫitān marratan uḫrā wa aḫīratan: ustāḏ ǧāmiʿī yanfī šarʿīyat al ḫitān wa zumalāʾuhu yaruddūna ʿalaihi. In: al Wafd, 23.12.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=312719 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿAzzām, Ḥasan, 1994b: al Ḫitān.. wa hal huwa qaḍīya..? In: al Wafd, 21.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356049 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Badrī, ʿAlī [u. a.], 1946: Ḫifāḍ al banāt fī s Sūdān. In: at Tarbiya al ḥadīṯa 20/1, S. 28 34. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bahǧat, M., 1960: Ḫitān al banāt. In: ad Duktūr 14/158, S. 132 133. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baḫīt, Sulaimān, 1944: Ḥaula ḫitān al banāt fī Miṣr. In: ar Risāla 12/551, S. 95 96. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bakrī, Muṣṭafā / ʿIzzat, ʿAlāʾ, 1995: D. Māhir Mahrān wazīr as sukkān yataḥaddaṯu li l aḥrār: anā ḍidda ḫitān al ināṯ wa lākin.. uqaddiru raʾy al Azhar fī hāḏihi l-qaḍīya. In: al Aḥrār, 17.08.1995, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=134511 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Bannā, Muḥammad, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 50 51. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Barbarī, Maǧdī / aš Šināwī, as Sayyid Fahmī, 1978: Ḫilāf ṭibbī ḥaula ṭahārat aṭfālinā. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 10/110, S. 30 32. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Barnāmaǧ al qaumī li tamkīn al usra wa munāhaḍat ḫitān al ināṯ, o. J.: Tasāʾulāt ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, hg. v. al Maǧlis al qaumī li ṭ ṭufūla wa l umūma, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Barnāmaǧ al qaumī li tamkīn al usra wa munāhaḍat ḫitān al ināṯ / al Maǧlis al qaumī li s sukkān, o. J.: Mubādarat aṭibbāʾ ḍidda ḫitān al ināṯ, abrufbar unter: http://www.fgm-egypt.org/أطباء-ضد-الختان (letzter Zugriff: 24.04.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bayān min al aṭibbāʾ al munāhiḍīn li ḫitān al ināṯ: li hāḏihi l asbāb narfuḍu ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf / Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda / Ǧamʿīyat at tanmiya aṣ ṣiḥḥīya wa l bīʾīya (Hg.): Nadwa »Ḫitān al ināṯ – manẓūr ʿilmī iǧtimāʿī«, 03.12.1994, al Qāhira, S. 61-62. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bayūmī, Munīr, 1987: Muʾtamar aṭ ṭibb al islāmī wa l qaḍāyā al ʿilmīya al muʿāṣira. In: Minbar al islām 45/7, S. 63 70. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bayūmī, Munīr, 2007: Qurya Banī Ḫalīl tuʿlanu »lā li ḫitān al ināṯ« wa tuṭālibu bi bināʾ madrasa ṣadīqa li l fatayāt bihā. In: Minbar al islām 66/5, S. 127. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Buḥairī, Aḥmad, 2006a: Ṭanṭāwī: ḫitān al ināṯ laisa min aḥkām aš šarīʿa al islāmīya. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 23.11.2006, abrufbar unter: https://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=38324 (letzter Zugriff: 17.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Buḥairī, Aḥmad, 2006b: Ḫilāf azharī ḥaula iṣdār qānūn yuḥarrimu ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 26.11.2006, abrufbar unter: https://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=38757 (letzter Zugriff: 17.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Buḥairī, Aḥmad / Rašwān, Hudā, 2007a: Tarḥīb »nisāʾī« bi »taǧrīm« ḫitān al ināṯ.. wa rafḍ azharī li fatwā taḥrimihi. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 30.06.2007, abrufbar unter: https://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=66821 (letzter Zugriff: 13.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Buḥairī, Aḥmad / Rašwān, Hudā, 2007b: Fatwā »Ǧumʿa« bi taḥrīm ḫitān al ināṯ yufaǧǧiru ǧadalan baina ʿulamāʾ al Azhar. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 30.06.2007, abrufbar unter: http://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=66841 (letzter Zugriff: 13.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Clot-Bey, Antoine B., o. J.: Kunūz aṣ ṣiḥḥa wa yawāqīt al minḥa, übers. v. Muḥammad aš Šāfiʿī, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad-Damanhūrī, Hāla, 2010: Lā li taṭbīb ḫitān al ināṯ. Dalīl li tadrīb al farīq a⁠ṣ⁠ ⁠ṣ⁠i⁠ḥ⁠ḥ⁠ī, hg. v. al Barnāmaǧ al qaumī li tamkīn al usra wa munāhaḍat ḫitān a⁠l⁠ ⁠i⁠n⁠ā⁠ṯ bi maǧlis al qaumī li s sukkān / Wizārat ad daula li l usra wa s sukkān, a⁠l⁠ ⁠Q⁠ā⁠h⁠i⁠r⁠a. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Damanhūrī, Hāla, 2012: Lā li taṭbīb ḫitān al ināṯ. Suʾāl wa ǧawāb li l farīq aṣ ṣiḥḥī, hg. v. al Barnāmaǧ al qaumī li tamkīn al usra wa munāhaḍat ḫitān al ināṯ bi maǧlis al qaumī li s sukkān, al Qāhira, 3. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 2010]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya, 2007: Bayān ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Maǧlis al qaumī li s sukkān (Hg.), 2013: Ḫitān al ināṯ... ilā matā?!, al Qāhira, 6. Aufl., S. 60 61. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya, 2016a: Dār al iftāʾ: ḫitān al ināṯ muḫālif li š šarīʿa wa l qānūn, abrufbar unter: http://eng.dar alifta.org/AR/Viewstatement.aspx?sec=media&ID=4006 (letzter Zugriff: 02.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya, 2016b: Bayān ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, abrufbar unter: Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
http://www.fgm-egypt.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
بيان-دار-الافتاء-المصرية-لعام-2016-حول-مناهضة-ختان-الإناث.pdf (letzter Zugriff: 02.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya, 2018: Muftī l ǧumhūrīya fī bayānihi al ḫitāmī l⁠i⁠ ⁠l⁠ ⁠m⁠u⁠ʾ⁠t⁠a⁠m⁠a⁠r al ʿālamī li l iftāʾ: at taǧdīd ar rašīd huwa anǧah wasīla li r radd ʿalā daʿāwā l⁠ ⁠m⁠u⁠t⁠a⁠ṭ⁠a⁠r⁠r⁠i⁠f⁠ī⁠n ʿalā kull al mustawayāt, abrufbar unter: http://dar alifta.org.eg/AR/Viewstatement.aspx?sec=media&ID=6088 (letzter Zugriff: 23.10.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1948a: ad Duktūr fī ḫidmat al ǧamīʿ. In: ad Duktūr 1/11, S. 60. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1948b: Qiṣṣat al ḫitān. In: ad Duktūr 2/13, S. 64 68. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1955a: Fī ṯ ṯaqāfa al ǧinsīya al unṯawīya: muddat al ḥaml – ḫitān al banāt. In: ad Duktūr 9/102, S. 363 366. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1955b: ad Duktūr fī ḫidmat al ǧamīʿ. In: ad Duktūr 9/102, S. 378 381. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1959: al Burūd al ǧinsī fī l marʾa. In: ad Duktūr 13/151, S. 421-428. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1960: al Ḥayāt al ǧinsīya. In: ad Duktūr 13/156, S. 762 772. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Duktūr, 1967: Ḥadīṯī hāḏā š šahr. In: ad Duktūr 19/222, S. 681-682. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dūmī, Aḥmad ʿAbd al Ǧawād, 1959: as Saʿāda az zauǧīya fī l islām, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ad Dustūr, 23.08.2007: Nuwwāb al iḫwān: munaẓẓamāt »al almānīya al yahūdīya« ḍaġatat ʿalā l ḥukūma al miṣrīya li šann al ḥarb ʿalā ʿamalīyat ḫitān al ināṯ, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327265 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, 1980: aṭ Ṭibb al wiqāʾī fī l islām. Taʿālīm al islām aṭ ṭibbīya fī ḍauʾ al ʿilm al ḥadīṯ, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, 1986: al Islām wa l ḥayāt al ǧinsīya, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, 1994: al Ḫitān marratan uḫrā.. naḥwa istiṣdār qānūn li manʿihi. In: al Ahrām, 11.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355922 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, 2005: Fatāwā wa mafāhīm ḫāṭiʾa tuʾaḫḫiru al muslimīn, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, [ca. 2010]: al Aḥādīṯ al mauḍūʿa wa dauruhā fī l mafāhīm al ḫātiʾa, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, 2011: al Ḫitān fī ṭ ṭibb wa fī d dīn wa fī ʿilm an nafs wa l iǧtimāʿ wa t tārīḫ wa l qānūn, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fanǧarī, Aḥmad Šauqī, o. J.: Kutub ad Duktūr Aḥmad Šauqī al Fanǧarī, abrufbar unter: http://www.fangary.com/ (letzter Zugriff: 24.07.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Faraǧ, Faḫrī M., 1933: aḍ Ḍuʿf at tanāsulī ʿinda ḏ ḏukūr wa l ināṯ, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Faraǧ, Maḥmūd, 1998: »Ṭanṭāwī« yuʾakkidu: ḫitān al ināṯ ʿāda wa laisa ʿibāda. In: al Wafd, 10.11.1998, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355967 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Faraḥāt, Islām Aḥmad, 2006: Ṭanṭāwī fī muʾtamar ʿālamī bi ǧāmiʿat al Azhar: ḫitān al ināṯ ʿāda firʿaunīya wa laisa farīḍa islāmīya. In: al Ahrām, 23.11.2006, abrufbar unter: http://ahram.org.eg/archive/2006/11/23/EGYP5.HTM (letzter Zugriff: 05.06.2015). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Farhūd, Muḥammad as Saʿdī / Ǧabhat ʿulamāʾ al Azhar, 1994: Bayān min ǧabhat ʿulamāʾ al Azhar bi šaʾn barnāmaǧ ʿamal muʾtamar as sukkān wa t tanmiya allaḏī yuʿqadu bi l Qāhira. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 67/4, S. 447 448. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fatḥ al Bāb, Ḥasan / ʿAyyād, Samīr, 1967: al Muḫaddirāt. Silāḥ al istiʿmār wa r raǧʿīya, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fatḥī, Muḥammad, 1959: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Van de Velde, Theodoor Hendrik: az Zawāǧ al miṯālī. an Naṣṣ al kāmil li kitāb »van de Velde«, übers. v. Muḥammad Fatḥī, Baġdād, S. 25 40. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fauzī, Munīr Muḥammad, 1994a: ʿAmalīyat taǧmīl basīṭa.. wa laisa ḫitānan. In: al Aḫbār, 23.09.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=312718 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fauzī, Munīr Muḥammad, 1994b: Kalima hādiʾa.. difāʿan ʿan al ḫitān. In: al Ahrām, 01.11.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355939 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fauzī, Munīr Muḥammad, 1997: Ḫitān al banāt min manẓūr islāmī. In: al Aḥrār, 11.07.1997, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356064 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fauzī, Munīr Muḥammad / al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l aḫlāqīyāt aṭ ṭibbīya, o. J.: Ḫitān al ināṯ: al ḥaqāʾiq aṭ ṭibbīya wa d dīnīya wa l aḫlāqīya wa l iǧtimāʿīya, abrufbar unter: http://medethics.org.eg/ESME/labia_minora.htm (letzter Zugriff: 08.03.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fayyāḍ, Muḥammad, 1996: Sarḫa min al qalb: ḫitān al banāt ǧarīma. In: al Muṣawwar, 16.08.1996, S. 46 47. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fayyāḍ, Muḥammad, 1998: al Batr at tanāsulī li l ināṯ. Ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Fayyūmī, Ibrāhīm ʿAṭā, 2007: Bayān min maǧmaʿ al buḥūṯ al islāmīya fī šaʾn ḫitān al ināṯ bi ǧalsatihi bi tārīḫ 28/06/2007. In: Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl (Hg.), 2013: Ḫitān al ināṯ baina l maġlūṭ ʿilmīyan wa l multabis fiqhīyan, al Qāhira, 2. Aufl., S. 42. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Fuʾād, Viviān, 2007: Man qatala Budūr?.. ṭabībat al Minyā laisat waḥdahā al qātila.. kullīyāt aṭ ṭibb sanaʿat ẓāhirat »taṭbīb al ḫitān«.. wa »ṣ ṣiḥḥa« anǧahat qānūnan muʿayyanan. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 25.06.2007, abrufbar unter: http://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=66065&IssueID=716 (letzter Zugriff: 13.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Full, Muḥammad, 1998: al Muftī fī l Fayyūm: ḥaẓr ḫitān al ināṯ.. šarʿī. In: al Ǧumhūrīya, 27.01.1998, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355976 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧāballāḥ, Ḫalīfa, 2007: al Muftī: »qulnāhā marra wa ṯnain wa ʿašara ḫitān al ināṯ ḥarām.. ḥarām.. ḥarām«. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 25.06.2007, abrufbar unter: http://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=66093 (letzter Zugriff: 13.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧād al Ḥaqq, Ǧād al Ḥaqq ʿAlī, 1981: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung]. In: Minbar al islām 39/11, S. 122 124. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧād al Ḥaqq, Ǧād al Ḥaqq ʿAlī, 1983: Ḫitān al banāt [Fatwa vom 29.01.1981]. In: Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya (Hg.): al Fatāwā al islāmīya, Bd. 9, S. 3119 3125. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧād al Ḥaqq, Ǧād al Ḥaqq ʿAlī, 1994: al Ḫitān, hg. v. ʿAlī Aḥmad al Ḫaṭīb, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧād al Ḥaqq, Ǧād al Ḥaqq ʿAlī / Maǧmaʿ al buḥūṯ al islāmīya, 1994: Bayān maǧmaʿ al buḥūṯ al islāmīya bi šaʾn al muʾtamar li s sukkān wa t tanmiya. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 67/4, S. 443 445. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ġaiṯ, Rabīʿ, 1957: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Ḥawwāʾ 59, 09.11.1957, S. 25. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ġaiṯ, Rabīʿ, 1958: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Ḥawwāʾ 110, 01.11.1958, S. 18 19. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
[Ǧamāʿat min al ʿulamāʾ], 2011: Fatāwā kibār ʿulamāʾ al Azhar aš šarīf ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, 2. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 2009]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧāmiʿat al Azhar (Hg.), 1988: Bayān li n nās min al Azhar aš šarīf, Bd. 2, o. O. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa l wilāda, 2012: Aṭibbāʾ an nisāʾ wa l wilāda yarfuḍūna mumārasat ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl / Raǧab, Aḥmad Riǧāʾ ʿAbd al Ḥamīd (Hg.), 2013: Ḫitān al ināṯ baina l maġlūṭ ʿilmīyan wa l multabis fiqhīyan, al Qāhira, 2. Aufl., S. 50 51. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l aḫlāqīyāt aṭ ṭibbīya, o. J.: Abḥāṯ ṭibbīya ʿālamīya (bi l luġa al inǧlīzīya) tuʾakkidu ḍarūra iǧrāʾ ʿamalīyat ḫitān al ināṯ (ad daraǧa al ūlā) fī baʿḍ al ḥālāt, abrufbar unter: http://medethics.org.eg/ESME/labia_minora_English.htm (letzter Zugriff: 08.03.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l aḫlāqīyāt aṭ ṭibbīya, o. J.: Ḫitān al ināṯ, abrufbar unter: http://medethics.org.eg/ESME/labia_minora5.htm (letzter Zugriff: 08.03.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l aḫlāqīyāt aṭ ṭibbīya, o. J.: Ḫitān al ināṯ. ad Duwal al ġarbīya tattaǧihu ilā iǧrāʾ ʿamalīyat ḫitān al ināṯ (ad daraǧa al ūlā) ka-ʿilāǧ li baʿḍ al mašākil aṭ ṭibbīya wa n nafsīya aš šadīda, abrufbar unter: http://medethics.org.eg/ESME/labia_minora-menu.htm (letzter Zugriff: 08.03.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l aḫlāqīyāt aṭ ṭibbīya, o. J. a: at Taʿrīf bi l ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l aḫlāqīyāt aṭ ṭibbīya, abrufbar unter: http://medethics.org.eg/esme/introduction.htm (letzter Zugriff: 28.06.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra bi l Qāhira (Hg.), 1983: Ḥaqāʾiq ʿilmīya ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġamrāwī, Muḥammad Aḥmad, 1944a: Ḫitān al unṯā ḥaula d dīn wa r raʾy. In: ar Risāla 12/548, S. 19 20. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġamrāwī, Muḥammad Aḥmad, 1944b: Ḫitān al unṯā ḥaula d dīn wa r raʾy. In: ar Risāla 12/552, S. 119 120. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġamrī, Aḥmad / ʿĀmir, Aḥmad / Mutawallī, Aḥmad Sāmī, 2008: Maǧlis aš šūrā yuwāfiqu nihāʾīyan ʿalā mašrūʿ qānūn aṭ ṭifl iǧmāʿ ʿalā taḥrīm ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Ahrām, 08.05.2008, abrufbar unter: http://ahram.org.eg/archive/2008/5/14/FILE4.HTM (letzter Zugriff: 12.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġawābī, Ḥāmid, 1944: Ḫitān al banāt baina ṭ ṭibb wa d dīn. In: ar Risāla 12/549, S. 37 38. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġawābī, Ḥāmid, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām. In: ar Risāla 19/937, S. 709. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġawābī, Ḥāmid, 1957: Ḫitān al banāt baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām. In: Liwāʾ al islām 11/7, S. 440 441. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġawābī, Ḥāmid, 1958a: Ḫitān al banāt baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām (radd ʿalā maqāl). In: Liwāʾ al islām 11/10, S. 632 635. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ġawābī, Ḥāmid, 1958b: Ḫitān al banāt baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām (takmila li l baḥṯ). In: Liwāʾ al islām 11/11, S. 705 708. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005a: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005b: Ḥukm al ḫitān li ḍarūra ṭibbīya. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 201-202. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005c: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung]. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 202 205. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005d: Ḥukm ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 205 206. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005e: Adillat al ḫitān. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 210 212. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005f: Ḥukm izālat al baẓr ʿinda l iḫtitān. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 212 213. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005g: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung]. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 213 214. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2005h: Awwal qānūn ḍidda l intihāk at tanāsulīya. In: Ders.: al Kalim aṭ ṭayyib. Fatāwā ʿaṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 206 208. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2006: Tauṣiyāt al muʾtamar, abrufbar unter: https://www.target-nehberg.de/sites/default/files/2017 12/Fatwas.pdf (letzter Zugriff: 07.01.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2007a: Ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Ahrām, 06.08.2007, abrufbar unter: http://ahram.org.eg/archive/2007/8/6/WRIT5.HTM (letzter Zugriff: 12.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2007b: Ḫitān al ināṯ (2). In: al Ahrām, 13.08.2007, abrufbar unter: http://ahram.org.eg/archive/2007/8/13/WRIT6.HTM (letzter Zugriff: 12.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧumʿa, ʿAlī, 2008: Ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Ders.: Qaḍāyā l marʾa fī l fiqh al islāmī, al Ǧīza [u. a.], S. 52 64. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ǧuwailī, ʿAlī, 1994: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 26/301, S. 119. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ḥadīdī, Muḥammad Saʿīd, 1941: al Ḫitān fī l islām. In: Maǧallat aš šubbān al muslimīn 12/1, S. 11-14. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥalīm, Iskandar, 1955: al Burūd al ǧinsī ʿinda l marʾa. In: ad Duktūr 8/93, S. 546 548. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫallāf, ʿAbd al Wahhāb, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 49. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥamdī, ʿIsā, 1902: Kitāb Lamaḥāt as saʿāda fī fann al wilāda, o. O., 2., überarb. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫamīs, ʿAlī, 1994: Šaiḫ al Azhar yunāqišu maʿa wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa qaḍīyat ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Wafd, 19.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355947 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥamrūš, Ibrāhīm, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 49. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥasan, Māhir, 2019: »Zayy an nahārda«.. wafāh aš šaiḫ as Sayyid Sābiq 27 nufimbir 2000. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 27.02.2019, abrufbar unter: https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1373698 (letzter Zugriff: 31.03.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥasan, Minnā Raššād, 2003: ʿIyādat al aṭfāl. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 35/412, S. 123. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ḫaṭīb, ʿAlī Aḥmad, 1994: [Vorwort]. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 67/6, S. 721-722. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ḫaṭīb, ʿAlī Aḥmad, 1996: al Iftitāḥīya (al ʿilm amāna muʾaddāt). In: Maǧallat al Azhar 69/5, S. 625 629. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫaṭīb, Muḥammad ʿAbdallāh, 1981: Min sunan al fiṭra. In: ad Daʿwa 30/59, S. 40. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫaṭṭāb, ʿAzīz, 1980: al Ḫitān wa z zawāǧ: al ǧamīʿ yufaḍḍilūnahā sāḫina. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 12/138, S. 48 49. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫaṭṭāb, ʿAzīz, o. J.: Maʿlūma ṭibbīya bi ḫuṣūṣ ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf / Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda / Ǧamʿīyat at tanmiya aṣ ṣiḥḥīya wa l bīʾīya (Hg.): Nadwa »Ḫitān al ināṯ – manẓūr ʿilmī iǧtimāʿī«, 03.12.1994, al Qāhira, S. 11-14. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫaṭṭāb, Mušīra, 2005: Naẓra ʿāmma ḥaula qaḍīyat ḫitān al ināṯ fī Miṣr. In: Saʿīd, Muḥammad as-Sayyid (Hg.): Munāhaḍat ḫitān al banāt, al Qāhira, S. 9 25. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥawwāʾ, 17.08.1957: Ṯaura ʿalā ḫitān al banāt, S. 10 13. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫiḍr, Muḥammad Manṣūr, 1951a: Ḫitān al banāt baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām. In: ar Risāla 19/938, S. 737 738. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḫiḍr, Muḥammad Manṣūr, 1951b: Ilā s sayyida Amīna as Saʿīd. In: ar Risāla 19/947, S. 989. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥilmī, Maǧdī / Uṯmān, ʿIzz ad Dīn / Wizārat aṣ ṣiḥḥa wa s sukkān (Hg.), 2000: Lā.. li ḫitān al ināṯ. al Manẓūr aṭ ṭibbī, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ḫūlī, Ǧamāl ad Dīn, 1980: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa l wilāda. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 12/137, S. 116. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥusain, ʿAbdallāh Muǧāwir / Maǧmaʿ al buḥūṯ al islāmīya, 2007: Bayān maǧmaʿ al buḥūṯ al islāmīya bi šaʾn ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 80/7, S. 1068. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥusain, ʿAzīza, 1979: Muqaddima. In: Dies. / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 1-3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥusain, ʿAzīza, 1983: Taqdīm. In: Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra bi l Qāhira (Hg.): Ḥaqāʾiq ʿilmīya ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 3 5. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.), 1979: al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ḥusainī, Ḥamdī, 1997: Ittihāmāt ad daulīya li niqābat al aṭibbāʾ bi l isāʾa l⁠i⁠ ⁠m⁠i⁠h⁠n⁠a⁠t aṭ ṭibb. In: Rūz al Yūsuf, 18.08.1997, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356000 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Ḥusainī, Ḥamdī, 1998: Mašrūʿ qānūn bi ḥaẓr ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Rūz al Yūsuf, 10.08.1998, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355969 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ibn Ḥaǧar al ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī, 2000: Fatḥ al bārī bi šarḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al Buḫārī, Bd. 10, ar Riyāḍ / Dimašq, 3. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ibn Qayyim al Ǧauzīya, Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr, 1999: Tuḥfat al maudūd bi aḥkām al maulūd, hg. v. Muḥammad Ṣubḥī Ḥasan Ḥallāq, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ibn Taimīya, Abū l Abbās Taqī d Dīn Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al Ḥalīm, 1988: Fī l marʾa hal taḫtatinu am lā? In: Ders.: al Fatāwā al kubrā, Bd. 1, Bairūt, neue, erw. Aufl., S. 50. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ibrāhīm, Disūqī, 1943: Ḫitān al unṯā fī l islām. In: ar Risāla 11/546, S. 1019. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ismāʿīl, Šaʿbān, 1994: Ḫitān al banāt fī l fiqh al islāmī. In: aš Šaʿb, 27.09.1994, S. 3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kamāl, ʿAbdallāh, 1994: al Ḫitān baina šaiḫ al Azhar wa muftī l ǧumhūrīya. In: Rūz al Yūsuf, 17.10.1994, S. 24 25. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kamāl, Aḥmad Muḥammad, 1936: al Istihdāf. Ẓāhira maraḍīya ġarībat al aṭwār. In: al Hilāl 44/9, S. 999 1001. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kamāl, Aḥmad Muḥammad, 1958a: Ḫitān al banāt. In: ad Duktūr 11/128, S. 479. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kamāl, Aḥmad Muḥammad, 1958b: Muškilāt al ānisāt. In: ad Duktūr 12/133, S. 44 47. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kamāl, Aḥmad Muḥammad, 1959: Ḫitān al banāt. In: ad Duktūr 12/144, S. 765. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kāmil, Lailā [u. a.], 1998: Namaṭ at tašwīh al ǧinsī li l ināṯ baina l mutaraddidāt ʿalā ʿiyādatai: at taulīd wa amrāḍ an nisāʾ al ḫāriǧīyatain bi Qaṣr al ʿAinī. In: Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl / Hasānain, Murād Kāmil (Hg.): al Abḥāṯ al muqaddima fī l muʾtamar ad daulī ʿan »as sukkān wa ṣ ṣiḥḥa al inǧābīya fī l ʿālam al islāmī«, al Qāhira, S. 578 587. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karīm, Maḥmūd Fahmī, 1987: ʿIyādat ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 19/219, S. 75. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Karīm, Maḥmūd, 2009: Ḫitān al ināṯ wa tanẓīm al usra munḏu faǧr at tārīḫ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kāẓim, ʿAbd ar Raḥmān, 1985: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa t taulīd. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 17/201, S. 118. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Kāẓim, ʿAbd ar Raḥmān, 1995: ʿIyādat an nisāʾ wa t taulīd. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 27/319, S. 117. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Labbān, Muḥammad Muḥammad, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 52 54. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Lewis, Joseph, 1960: al Ḫitān. Ḍalāla isrāʾīlīya muʾḏiya, übers. v. ʿIṣām ad Dīn Ḥifnī Nāṣif, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Liwāʾ al islām, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 48 59. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 26.01.1995: Abḥāṯ ʿilmīya ʿālamīya tuʾakkidu: ḫitān al ināṯ yaḥmī min saraṭān ar riḥm, S. 2. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 26.01.1995: Mašrūʿ qānūn li tanẓīm ḫitān al ināṯ, S. 2. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 31.07.1997: Fawāʾid al bunūk ḥalāl wa l ḫitān min iḫtiṣāṣ al aṭibbāʾ. Multaqā šabāb al ʿālam al islāmī, S. 15. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maʿbad, Šarīf, 2008: ʿIyādat al aṭfāl. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 39/476, S. 126 127. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Maǧlis al qaumī li s sukkān (Hg.), 2013: Ḫitān al ināṯ... ilā matā?!, al Qāhira, 6. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Maǧlis al qaumī li ṭ ṭufūla wa l umūma, [ca. 2008]: Taǧrīm ḫitān al ināṯ... li māḏā?, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maǧlis an nuwwāb al miṣrī, o. J.: Āmna Nuṣair, abrufbar unter: http://www.parliament.gov.eg/MembersDetails.aspx?id=519 (letzter Zugriff: 22.03.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahdī, Hānī, 1998: Šaiḫ al Azhar: lam aqum bi ḫitān ibnatī! In: ad Dustūr, 07.01.1998, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355996 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḥfūẓ, Naǧīb, 1922: Fann al wilāda, o. O., 2. erw. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 1908]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḥfūẓ, Naǧīb, 1957: Fann al wilāda, o. O., 4., überarb. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḫlūf, Ḥasanain Muḥammad, 1965: Ḫafḍ al banāt mašrūʿ. In: Ders.: Fatāwā šarʿīya wa buḥūṯ islāmīya, Bd. 1, o. O., 2. Aufl., S. 145 146. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḫlūf, Ḥasanain Muḥammad, 1981: Ḥukm al ḫitān [Fatwa vom 29.05.1949]. In: Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya (Hg.): al Fatāwā al islāmīya, Bd. 2, S. 449. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḥmūd, ʿAbd al Munṣif, 1996: Ḫitān al banāt: šaʿīra min šaʿāʾir al islām. In: al Aḥrār, 23.08.1996, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356043 (letzter Zugriff: 23.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḥmūd, ʿAzīza Kāmil / ʿAbd ar Razzāq, Sāmīya / Abū Suʿūd, Niʿmat, o. J.: al Mumārasāt at taqlīdīya aḍ ḍārra bi ṣiḥḥat al marʾa wa ṭ ṭifl. Dalīl mukāfaḥat ḫitān al ināṯ, hg. v. Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra bi l Qāhira, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maḥmūd, Ḥāfiẓ, 1996: Ḫitān al banāt wa nisyān mā fāta. In: al Masāʾ al usbūʿīya, 24.08.1996, S. 6. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mahrān, Māhir, 1988: Fī ʿiyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Maʾmūn, Ḥasan, 1996: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung]. In: Minbar al islām 55/1, S. 211-212. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Manṣūr, ʿAbd al Ġaffār, o. J.: Mauqif aš šarīʿa al islāmīya min ḫitān al ināṯ, hg. v. al Ǧamʿīya al miṣrīya li l wiqāya min al mumārasāt aḍ ḍārra bi ṣiḥḥat al marʾa wa ṭ ṭifl, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf / Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda / Ǧamʿīyat at tanmiya aṣ ṣiḥḥīya wa l bīʾīya (Hg.), o. J.: Nadwa »Ḫitān al ināṯ – manẓūr ʿilmī iǧtimāʿī«, 03.12.1994, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf, o. J.: Bayān ḥaula qarār wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa bi ḫitān al banāt bi l mustašfayāt al ḥukūma. In: Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf / Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda / Ǧamʿīyat at tanmiya aṣ ṣiḥḥīya wa l bīʾīya (Hg.): Nadwa »Ḫitān al ināṯ – manẓūr ʿilmī iǧtimāʿī«, 03.12.1994, al Qāhira, S. 55 56. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda, o. J.: Ḥaula qarār taqnīn al ḫitān. In: Markaz an nadīm li taʾhīl ḍaḥāyā l ʿunf / Markaz dirāsāt al marʾa al ǧadīda / Ǧamʿīyat at tanmiya aṣ ṣiḥḥīya wa l bīʾīya (Hg.): Nadwa »Ḫitān al ināṯ – manẓūr ʿilmī iǧtimāʿī«, 03.12.1994, al Qāhira, S. 57 58. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mašyaḫat al Azhar, 1936a: al Ḥiǧāb wa l ḫitān fī l islām. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 7, S. 347 350. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mašyaḫat al Azhar, 1936b: Fatwā mašyaḫat al Azhar fī l ḥiǧāb wa l ḫitān. In: ar Risāla 161, S. 1279 1280. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Mubādara al miṣrīya li l ḥuqūq aš šaḫṣīya, 2016: Naḥwa taṭbīq akṯar faʿālīya li māddat taǧrīm ḫitān al ināṯ. Waraqat mauqif, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Muḥammad, Sālim, 1957: Ṣiḥḥatuka min adab al qurʾān. In: ad Duktūr 11/127, S. 390 394. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Muḥarram, Ilhām, 1994: ʿUlamāʾ ad dīn: ḫitān al banāt wāǧib.. wa lākin bi šurūṭ. In: as Siyāsī al miṣrī, 02.10.1994, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=135433 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Muḫtār al islāmī, 1994a: Šaiḫ al Azhar: ḫitān aḏ ḏukūr wa l ināṯ min šaʿāʾir al islām. Lau iǧtamaʿa ahl balad ʿalā tarkihi... waǧaba ʿalā walī l amr qitālahum. In: al Muḫtār al islāmī 15/143, S. 54 61. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Muḫtār al islāmī, 1994b: aš Šaiḫ aš Šaʿrāwī yaruddu ʿalā waṯīqat muʾtamar as sukkān: al muʾtamar laisa awwal zaubaʿa yuwāǧihuhā al islām wa l muslim lā yabīʿu dīnahu bi luqmat ʿaiš. In: al Muḫtār al islāmī 15/141, S. 90 96. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Muntaṣir, Ḫālid, 2003: al Ḫitān wa l ʿunf ḍidda l marʾa, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Mūsā, Salāma, 1959: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Ders.: Maqālāt mamnūʿa, Bairūt, S. 119 123. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Muṣṭafā, Aḥmad ʿAbd ar Raḥīm, 1971: ad Drāmā al ǧinsīya li l marʾa fī l mašriq al ʿarabī. In: al Hilāl 79/4, S. 152 157. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Muṣṭafā, Fahmī ʿAlī, 1980: al Ḫitān qad yaqtulu al laḏḏa al ǧinsīya. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 12/142, S. 46 47. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
an Naǧǧār, ʿAbd ar Raḥmān, 1989: Mauqif al islām fī ḫitān al ināṯ, hg. v. Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra bi l Qāhira, al Qāhira, 3. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 1985]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
an Naǧǧār, ʿAbdallāh Mabrūk, 1998: Ḫitān al ināṯ baina š šarīʿa wa l qānūn. In: Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl / Hasānain, Murād Kāmil (Hg.): al Abḥāṯ al muqaddima fī l muʾtamar ad daulī ʿan »as sukkān wa ṣ ṣiḥḥa al inǧābīya fī l ʿālam al islāmī«, al Qāhira, S. 558 570. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Naʿīm, Aḥmad, 1953: Mabādiʾ al wilāda wa amrāḍ an nisāʾ, [al Qāhira]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nāšid, ʿAṭīyāt, 1956: Ḫitān al banāt. ʿAmalīya yaǧibu al qaḍāʾ ʿalaihā. In: at Tarbiya al ḥadīṯa 29/4, S. 287 290. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Naṣr, Muḥammad ʿAbd al ʿAzīz, 1985: al Ḫitān ʿinda l fatāt baina l ʿilm wa d dīn. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 17/198, S. 58 60. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Naṣṣār, ʿAllām, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 50. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
an Nawawī, Yaḥyā d Dīn b. Šaraf, [ca. 1966]: al Maǧmūʿ šarḥ al muhaḏḏab, Bd. 1, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Naẓmī, Suhaila, 1997: Šaiḫ al Azhar wa wazīr al auqāf bi l Iskandarīya: ḫitān al ināṯ ʿāda munqariḍa wa laisa ʿibāda dīnīya. In: al Ahrām, 26.07.1997, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=356002 (letzter Zugriff: 13.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
an Niqāba al ʿāmma li aṭibbāʾ Miṣr, 2003: Lāʾiḥa ādāb al mihna, abrufbar unter: www.ems.org.eg/userfiles/file/kanon/leha.doc (letzter Zugriff: 07.03.2019). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
an Niqāba al ʿāmma li aṭibbāʾ Miṣr / as Sayyid, Ḥamdī, 2013: Bayān [26.06.2007]. In: Abū s Surūr, Ǧamāl / Raǧab, Aḥmad Riǧāʾ ʿAbd al Ḥamīd (Hg.): Ḫitān al ināṯ baina l maġlūṭ ʿilmīyan wa l multabis fiqhīyan, al Qāhira, 2. Aufl., S. 49. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Niqābat aṭibbāʾ Miṣr, [1994]: Nadwa niqābat al aṭibbāʾ ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ. In: ʿAbd al Hādī, Āmāl / ʿAbd as Salām, Sihām (Hg.), 1998: Mauqif al aṭibbāʾ min ḫitān al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 111-113. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nuṣair, ʿĀʾida Ibrāhīm, 1980: al Kutub al ʿarabīya allatī nuširat fī Miṣr baina ʿāmai 1926 1940, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nuṣair, ʿĀʾida Ibrāhīm, 1983: al Kutub al ʿarabīya allatī nuširat fī Miṣr baina ʿāmai 1900 1925, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nuṣair, ʿĀʾida Ibrāhīm, 1990: al Kutub al ʿarabīya allatī nuširat fī Miṣr fī l qarn at tāsiʿ ʿašar, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Nuṣair, Āmna, 2012: al Manẓūr al islāmī li qaḍīyat munāhaḍat ḫitān al ināṯ, hg. v. al Maǧlis al qaumī li l marʾa, al Ǧīza. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Qaraḍāwī, Yūsuf, 2007: Hal aṣbaḥa ḫitān al ināṯ ḥarāman?, abrufbar unter: https://www.al qaradawi.net/node/4261 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Qaraḍāwī, Yūsuf, 2009a: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Ders.: Min hadī l islām. Fatāwā muʿāṣira, Bd. 1, al Kuwait / al Qāhira, S. 443. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Qaraḍāwī, Yūsuf, 2009b: al Ḥukm aš šarʿī fī ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Ders.: Min hadī l islām. Fatāwā muʿāṣira, Bd. 4, al Kuwait / al Qāhira, S. 507 523. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Qaraḍāwī, Yūsuf, 2009c: Ḫitān al ināṯ.. ruʾya šarʿīya, abrufbar unter: https://www.al qaradawi.net/node/4173 (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Qaraḍāwī, Yūsuf, 2009d: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung], abrufbar unter: http://www.target-nehberg.de/projekt-die-fatwas (letzter Zugriff: 21.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Qināwī, Muḥammad Ḍawān, 1949: Min hunā wa hunāk. In: ad Duktūr 2/24, S. 885 889. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Quṭb, Hiba, o. J.: Mā huwa ḫitān al ināṯ?, abrufbar unter: http://www.hebakotb.net/QuestionDetails.aspx?ID=14 (letzter Zugriff: 04.04.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ramaḍān, Fāʾiza, 1958: Ḫitān al banāt. In: at Taḥrīr, 28.10.1958, S. 35 37. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ar Rašīdī, Aḥmad b. Ḥasan, 1844: Bahǧat ar ruʾasāʾ fī amrāḍ an nisāʾ, Būlāq. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rašwān, Hudā, 2006: Šaiḫ al Azhar: al ḫitān ʿāda tušawwihu al aʿdāʾ at tanāsulīya li l ināṯ. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 06.12.2006, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=323035 (letzter Zugriff: 15.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rašwān, Hudā, 2007: Ǧadal fī l ausāṭ ad dīnīya ḥaula l ḫitān wa nasab mawālīd al ʿalaqāt ġair aš šarʿīya fī taʿdīlāt »qānūn aṭ ṭifl«. In: al Maṣrī al yaum, 22.06.2007, abrufbar unter: http://today.almasryalyoum.com/article2.aspx?ArticleID=65713&IssueID=713 (letzter Zugriff: 13.05.2016). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Riḍā, Rašīd, 1904: Wuǧūb al ḫitān au sunnīyatuhu. In: al Manār 7/16, S. 617 618. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Rūz al Yūsuf, 24.04.1951: al Ḥukūma tamnaʿu ḫitān al banāt, S. 8. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šaʿbān, Ḥusain, 1974: Ilā kull umm wa āb: mamnūʿ ḫitān al banāt. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 6/68, S. 27. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šaʿbān, Ḥusain, 1981: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa l wilāda. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 13/148, S. 117. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sābiq, as Sayyid, 1985: Fiqh as sunna, Bd. 1, Bairūt, 7. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣabra, Muḥammad, 1994: Arāʾ al aṭibbāʾ tattafiqu maʿa l fuqahāʾ fī mašrūʿīyat ḫitān al ināṯ. al Muṭālaba bi ilġāʾ qarār wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa bi šaʾn ibāhat al ḫitān yataʿāraḍu maʿa d dustūr wa l qānūn. In: al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 15.12.1994, S. 16. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
as Saʿdāwī, Nawāl, 1977: al Marʾa wa ṣ ṣirāʿ an nafsī, Bairūt. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
as Saʿdāwī, Nawāl, 1990: al Marʾa wa l ǧins, al Qāhira, 4. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 1972]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aṣ Ṣadda, Hudā, 1998: Bāḥiṯat al Bādiya. In: Ḥifnī Nāṣif, Malak: an Nisāʾīyāt. Maǧmūʿat maqālāt nuširat fī l ǧarīda fī mauḍūʿ al marʾa al miṣrīya, al Qāhira, S. 6 33. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šafīq, Durrīya, 1956: Baina l muḥarrira wa l qāriʾāt. In: Bint an Nīl 124, S. 87. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šāhīn, ʿAbd al Ḥamīd as Sayyid, 1984: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 56/5, S. 830. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šāhīn, ʿAbd al Ḥamīd as Sayyid / Laǧnat al Fatāwā bi l Azhar, 1981: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung]. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 54/2, S. 315. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šāhīn, Muḥammad Kāmil, 2007: Muʾtamar al ʿulamāʾ al ʿālamī naḥwa ḥaẓr intihāk ǧasad al marʾa. In: Minbar al islām 65/12, S. 78 85. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šāhīn, Muḥammad Kāmil, 2009: Muʾtamar iʿlān al Qāhira li t tašrīʿ wa ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Minbar al islām 68/1, S. 117 121. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
as Saʿīd, Amīna, 1957: al Ḫifāḍ al firʿaunī ǧarīma fī ḥaqq al insān. In: Ḥawwāʾ 58, 02.11.1957, S. 10 11. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
as Saʿīd, Sanāʾ, 1997: Šaiḫ al Azhar fī ḥiwār al usbūʿ: anā maʿa qarār wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa. In: al Muṣawwar, 25.07.1997, S. 38 40, 90. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Saʿīd, Sayyid, 1951: al Ḫitān fī l islām. In: al Hidāya al islāmīya 22/7 8, S. 114 116. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aṣ Ṣaʿīdī, ʿAbd al Mutaʿāl, 1943: Baina d dīn wa l ʿilm fī ḫitān al unṯā. In: ar Risāla 11/547, S. 1037. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aṣ Ṣaʿīdī, ʿAbd al Mutaʿāl, 1944: Baina d dīn wa l ʿilm fī ḫitān al unṯā. In: ar Risāla 12/549, S. 37. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šaiḫūn, Aḥmad, 2008: al ʿUlamāʾ yuḥaḏḏirūna: qānūn taǧrīm ḫitān al ināṯ muʾāmara ġarbīya ḍidda l islām. In: al Masāʾīya, 23.05.2008, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327279 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sālim, ʿAfāf Aṭīya, 1979: Mauqif al ǧihāt ar rasmīya min ʿamalīyat ḫitān al ināṯ fī Miṣr. In: Ḥusain, ʿAzīza / Ǧamʿīyat tanẓīm al usra li muḥāfaẓat al Qāhira (Hg.): al Ḥalqa ad dirāsīya ʿan al intihāk al badanī li siġār al ināṯ, al Qāhira, S. 20 23. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Sālim, Muḥammad Ibrāhīm, 1951: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 51-52. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šaltūt, Maḥmūd, 1951a: Ḥukm al ḫitān fī š šarīʿa al islāmīya. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 23/1, S. 21-24. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šaltūt, Maḥmūd, 1951b: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Liwāʾ al islām 5/1, S. 55 57. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šaltūt, Maḥmūd, 1988: Ḫitān al unṯā. In: Ders.: al Fatāwā. Dirāsa li muškilāt al muslim al muʿāṣir fī ḥayātihi al yaumīya al ʿāmma, al Qāhira, 15. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 1959], S. 330 334. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1982: [Fatwa zur weiblichen Beschneidung]. In: Minbar al islām 40/7, S. 115 116. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1991: Ḫitān al banīn wa l banāt. In: Minbar al islām 49/10, S. 142 143. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1992a: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Minbar al islām 50/10, S. 95. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1992b: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Minbar al islām 51/1, S. 101. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1992c: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Minbar al islām 51/5, S. 98. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1994: Tanẓīm al usra wa l ḫitān. In: Minbar al islām 53/2, S. 108. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1995: al Ḫitān mašrūʿ li l ǧinsain. In: Minbar al islām 53/10, S. 112. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1997: Fī l ḫitān. In: Minbar al islām 56/5, S. 137. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 1998: Ḥukm al ḫitān. In: Minbar al islām 57/3, S. 138. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 2002: al Marʾa al muslima tisʾalu. In: al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 12.12.2002, S. 6. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 2006a: Mausūʿat al usra taḥta riʿāyat al islām. Bd. 4: Tarbiyat al aulād fī l islām, al Qāhira, 2. erw. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṣaqr, ʿAṭīya, 2006b: Ḫitān al banāt. In: Ders.: Fatāwā wa l aḥkām li l marʾa a⁠l⁠ ⁠m⁠u⁠s⁠l⁠i⁠m⁠a, al Qāhira, 3. verb. u. erw. Aufl., S. 255 256. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šaʿrāwī, Muḥammad Mutawallī, 1982: al Ḫitān wa l ḫifāḍ. In: al Ǧamīlī, as Sayyid (Hg.): al Fatāwā. Kull mā yahumm al muslim fī ḥayātihi wa yaumihi wa ġadihi, Bairūt, S. 39 40. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šaʿrāwī, Muḥammad Mutawallī, 1998: al Ḫitān wa l ḫifāḍ ḥalāl am ḥarām. In: Muḥammad, Muḥammad Ḥasan (Hg.): al Ǧāmiʿ li l fatāwā, al Qāhira, S. 352 353. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šaukānī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Muḥammad, 2000: Nail al auṭār min asrār muntaqā l aḫbār, hg. v. ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwad / ʿĀdil ʿAbd al Mauǧūd / Aḥmad ʿĪsa al Maʿṣarāwī, Bd. 1, Bairūt. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šayyāl, Ǧamāl ad Dīn, 1951: Tārīḫ at tarǧama wa l ḥaraka aṯ ṯaqafīya, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
as Sayyid, Ḥamdī, 1996: Taḥīya li qarār šuǧāʿ min raǧul šuǧāʿ. In: al Ahrām, 28.07.1996, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=664285 (letzter Zugriff: 13.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Šibl, ʿAlāʾ, 2007: Ḫitān al ināṯ mā zāla maḥall ǧadal baina l ʿulamāʾ. In: al Aḥrār, 03.08.2007, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=327253 (letzter Zugriff: 16.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šināwī, as Sayyid Fahmī, 1959: al ʿAmalīya al ǧinsīya. In: ad Duktūr 12/143, S. 663 664. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šīšīnī, Yasin Yūsuf, 1949: Muḥārabat al ǧahl wa l faqr wa l maraḍ. In: Minbar al islām 5/6, S. 58 65. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
as Siyāsī al miṣrī, 04.08.1996: Ḥaula qarār īqāf ḫitān al ināṯ: 25 ṭabīban yaruddūna ʿalā D. Ismāʿīl Sallām wazīr aṣ ṣiḥḥa, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355934 (letzter Zugriff: 23.02.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
aš Šurbāṣī, Aḥmad, 1967: Taqdīm. In: al Ġawābī, Ḥāmid: Baina ṭ ṭibb wa l islām, al Qāhira, S. 5 7. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
[Ṭabīb nafsānī], 1952: al Burūd al ǧinsī fī z zauǧa. In: ad Duktūr 5/60, S. 720 723. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ, 1986: Ḥaqāʾiq ʿilmīya ʿan ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 18/215, S. 72 73. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
at Taḥrīr, 20.08.1957: Kāfaḥū al muḫaddirāt bi taḥrīm ḫitān al banāt, S. 18. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭanṭāwī, Muḥammad Sayyid, 1994a: Ḫitān al banāt [Fatwa vom 28.12.1987]. In: Dār al iftāʾ al miṣrīya (Hg.): al Fatāwā al islāmīya, Bd. 21, S. 7864 7865. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭanṭāwī, Muḥammad Sayyid, 1994b: Kalima ʿan: al iǧhāḍ wa l ḫifāḍ. In: al Ahrām, 09.10.1994, S. 8. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭanṭāwī, Muḥammad Sayyid, 1996: Fatwā fī ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 69/5, S. 686 687. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭanṭāwī, Muḥammad Sayyid, 2010: al Ḥukm aš šarʿī fī ḫitān al ināṯ. In: Wizārat al auqāf (Hg.): Ḫitān al ināṯ laisa min šaʿāʾir al islām, al Qāhira, [1. Aufl. 2007], S. 10 13. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ṭanṭāwī, Naǧwā, 1998: Mubārāt »al ḫitān« intaqalat min al maḥkama ilā maǧlis aš šaʿb. In: al ʿUsbūʿ, 29.06.1998, abrufbar unter: http://cedej.bibalex.org/DocumentFrm.aspx?documentID=355972 (letzter Zugriff: 09.03.2018). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Uktūbar, 16.10.1994: Ḫitān al unṯā wa l baḥṯ al ʿilmī, S. 44. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿUmrān, ʿAbd al Muʿaṭṭī, 1995: Fī l muʾtamar aṭ ṭibbī bi ǧāmiʿat ʿAin Šams: al ʿulamāʾ wa l aṭibbāʾ yaḥsimūna al ǧadal ḥaula ḫitān al ināṯ. In: al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 23.03.1995, S. 16. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
ʿUmrān, ʿAbd al Muʿaṭṭī, 1996: Muftī l ǧumhūrīya yataḥaddaṯu li »l-Liwāʾ al islāmī«: ziyārat al quds taḫḍaʿu li taqdīr as sāsa wa laisa al ʿulamāʾ. In: al Liwāʾ al islāmī, 28.11.1996, S. 3. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Usāma, ʿA., 1943: Ḫitān al banāt fī Miṣr. In: ar Risāla 11/544, S. 976 977. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Usāma, ʿA., 1944: Ḥaula ḫitān al banāt fī Miṣr. In: ar Risāla 12/548, S. 18. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Van de Velde, Theodoor Hendrik, 1959: az Zawāǧ al miṯālī. an Naṣṣ al kāmil li kitāb »van de Velde«, übers. v. Muḥammad Fatḥī, Baġdād. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wāṣif, Nādiya, 1998: Da min zamān. Munāẓarāt al māḍī wa l ḥāḍir ḥaula t tašwīh al ǧinsīya li l banāt fī Miṣr, al Qāhira. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Wizārat al auqāf, 2010: Ḫitān al ināṯ laisa min šaʿāʾir al islām, al Qāhira, [1. Aufl. 2007]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Yāsīn, Fikrī, 1949: Min ḫiṣāl al fiṭra. In: Maǧallat al Azhar 21, S. 491-494. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zakarīya, Buṯaina / al ʿAǧamī, Hišām, 1996: Šaiḫ al Azhar wa wazīr al auqāf fī Banī Suwaif: al ḫitān ʿāda miṣrīya sayyiʾa wa lā sanad lahā fī š šarīʿa. In: al Aḫbār, 02.10.1996, S. 9. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zakī, Muḥammad ʿAbd as Salām, 1981: ʿIyādat amrāḍ an nisāʾ wa l wilāda. In: Ṭabībak al ḫāṣṣ 13/147, S. 121. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Zaqzūq, Maḥmūd Ḥamdī, 2010: Taqdīm. In: Wizārat al auqāf (Hg.): Ḫitān al ināṯ laisa min šaʿāʾir al islām, al Qāhira, [1. Aufl. 2007], S. 5 9. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ziyāda, Walad ʿIsā, 1946: Ṣaut min as Sūdān: ʿāda yaǧibu al qaḍāʾ ʿalaihā. In: at Tarbiya al ḥadīṯa 19/3, S. 176. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abd El Hadi, Amal, 2000: Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt. In: Turshen, Meredeth (Hg.): African Women’s Health, Trenton, NJ [u. a.], S. 145 166. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abd el Salam, Seham, 1999: A Comprehensive Approach for Communication about Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt. In: Denniston, George C. / Hodges, Frederick Mansfield / Milos, Marilyn Fayre (Hg.): Male and Female Circumcision. Medical, Legal, and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice, New York [u. a.], S. 317 330. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abd El Salam, Seham, 2002: The Importance of Genital Mutilations to Gender Power Politics. In: Al Raida XX/99, S. 33 43. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abdel Fattah, N. H. / Lashine, S. M. / Salem, K. M., 1989: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Female Circumcision among Urban and Rural Population in Egypt. In: Egyptian Journal for Community Medicine 5, S. 55 68. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abdel Hadi, Amal, 2006: A Community of Women Empowered: The Story of Deir El Barsha. In: Abusharaf, Rogaia Mustafa (Hg.): Female Circumcision. Multicultural Perspectives, Philadelphia, S. 104 124. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abdel Hadi, Amal / Abdel-Salam, Siham, 1999: Physicians’ Attitudes Towards Female Circumcision, hg. v. Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abdelshahid, Amy / Campbell, Catherine, 2015: „Should I Circumcise My Daughter?“ Exploring Diversity and Ambivalence in Egyptian Parents’ Social Representations of Female Circumcision. In: Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 25/1, S. 49 65. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abu Lughod, Lila, 1998: Introduction. Feminist Longings and Postcolonial Conditions. In: Dies. (Hg.): Remaking Women. Feminism and Modernity in the Middle East, Princeton, S. 3 31. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abu Sahlieh, Sami A. Aldeeb, 1995: Islamic Law and the Issue of Male and Female Circumcision. In: Third World Legal Studies 13, S. 73 101. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abu Sahlieh, Sami A. Aldeeb, 1999: Muslims’ Genitalia in the Hands of the Clergy. Religious Arguments about Male and Female Circumcision. In: Denniston, George C. / Hodges, Frederick Mansfield / Milos, Marilyn Fayre (Hg.): Male and Female Circumcision. Medical, Legal, and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice, New York [u. a.], S. 131-171. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abu Sahlieh, Sami A. Aldeeb, 2001: Male & Female Circumcision among Jews, Christians and Muslims. Religious, Medical, Social and Legal Debate, Warren Center. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abugideiri, Hibba, 1996: Egyptian Women and the Science Question: Gender in the Making of Colonized Medicine, 1893 1919. In: The Arab Studies Journal 4/2, S. 46 78. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abugideiri, Hibba, 2010: Gender and the Making of Modern Medicine in Colonial Egypt, Farnham. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abusharaf, Rogaia Mustafa, 2000: Revisiting Feminist Discourses on Infibulation: Responses from Sudanese Feminists. In: Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva (Hg.): Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London, S. 151-166. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Abusharaf, Rogaia Mustafa, 2006: „We Have Supped So Deep in Horrors“: Understanding Colonialist Emotionality and British Responses to Female Circumcision in Northern Sudan. In: History and Anthropology 17/3, S. 209-228. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Agrama, Hussein Ali, 2010: Ethics, Tradition, Authority: Toward an Anthropology of the Fatwa. In: American Ethnologist 37/1, S. 2 18. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ahmadu, Fuambai, 2000: Rites and Wrongs: An Insider/Outsider Reflects on Power and Excision. In: Shell-Duncan, Bettina / Hernlund, Ylva (Hg.): Female „Circumcision“ in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change, Boulder / London, S. 283 312. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ahmed, Leila, 1992: Women and Gender in Islam. Historical Roots of a Modern Debate, New Haven [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Akhyarhoum, Salma Mint / Diop, Aminata / Worm, Ilse, 2013: Strengthening the Competence of Religious Leaders in Promoting the Abandonment of Female Genital Mutilation, hg. v. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Eschborn. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Al Ali, Nadje Sadig, 2000: Secularism, Gender and the State in the Middle East. The Egyptian Women’s Movement, Cambridge [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Al Arian, Abdullah A., 2014: Answering the Call. Popular Islamic Activism in Sadat’s Egypt, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
al Atawneh, Muhammad, 2014: In Search of Religious Authority. The International Union of Muslim Scholars. In: Ephrat, Daphna / Hatina, Meir (Hg.): Religious Knowledge, Authority, and Charisma. Islamic and Jewish Perspectives, Salt Lake City, S. 225 241. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Al Awa, Mohamed Selim, 2007: FGM in the Context of Islam, hg. v. National Council for Childhood and Motherhood, o. O. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Al Hussaini, Tarek K., 2003: Female Genital Cutting: Types, Motives and Perineal Damage in Laboring Egyptian Women. In: Medical Principles and Practice 12/2, S. 123 128. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ali, Kamran Asdar, 2002: Planning the Family in Egypt: New Bodies, New Selves, Austin, Tex. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ali, Kecia, 2006: Sexual Ethics and Islam. Feminist Reflections on Qur’an, Hadith, and Jurisprudence, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ali, Sami, 1971: Le Haschisch en Égypte. Essai d’Anthropologie Psychanalytique, Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Allam, M. F. [u. a.], 2001: Factors Associated with the Condoning of Female Genital Mutilation among University Students. In: Public Health 115/5, S. 350 355. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Allam, Mohamed F. Ahmed [u. a.], 1999: Students’ Knowledge of and Attitudes about Female Circumcision in Egypt. In: New England Journal of Medicine 341/20, S. 1552 1553. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ammar, Hamed, 1966: Growing Up in an Egyptian Village. Silwa, Province of Aswan, London, 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Amster, Ellen J., 2013: Medicine and the Saints. Science, Islam, and the Colonial Encounter in Morocco, 1877 1956, Austin, Tex. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Anjum, Ovamir, 2007: Islam as a Discursive Tradition: Talal Asad and His Interlocutors. In: Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 27/3, S. 656 672. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Arnold, David (Hg.), 1988: Imperial Medicine and Indigenous Societies, Manchester [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Asad, Talal, 2009 [1986]: The Idea of an Anthropology of Islam. In: Qui Parle 17/2, S. 1-30. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Assaad, Marie Bassili, 1980b: Female Circumcision in Egypt: Social Implications, Current Research, and Prospects for Change. In: Studies in Family Planning 11/1, S. 3 16. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Atighetchi, Dariusch, 2007: Islamic Bioethics. Problems and Perspectives, Dordrecht. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ayalon, Ami, 1995a: The Press in the Arab Middle East. A History, New York / Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ayalon, Ami, 1995b: Journalists and the Press: The Vicissitudes of Licensed Pluralism. In: Shamir, Shimon (Hg.): Egypt from Monarchy to Republic. A Reassessment of Revolution and Change, Boulder [u. a.], S. 267 279. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ayrout, Henry Habib, 1938: Mœurs et coutumes des fellahs, hg. v. André Allix, Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Ayrout, Henry Habib, 1952: Fellahs d’Egypte, Le Caire. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baasher, Taha, 1979: Psychological Aspects of Female Circumcision. In: Ders. / World Health Organization (Hg.): Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children. Report of a Seminar, Khartoum, 10 15 February 1979, WHO/EMRO Technical Publication No. 2, Bd. 1, Alexandria, S. 71-105. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baasher, Taha [u. a.] (Hg.), 1982: Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children, WHO/EMRO Technical Publication No. 2, Bd. 2, Alexandria. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baasher, Taha / World Health Organization (Hg.), 1979: Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children. Report of a Seminar, Khartoum, 10 15 February 1979, WHO/EMRO Technical Publication No. 2, Bd. 1, Alexandria. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bachmann-Medick, Doris, 2012: Menschenrechte als Übersetzungsproblem. In: Geschichte und Gesellschaft 38/2, S. 331-359. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Badran, Margot / Cooke, Miriam (Hg.), 1990: Opening the Gates. A Century of Arab Feminist Writing, Bloomington. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Badran, Margot, 1995: Feminists, Islam, and Nation: Gender and the Making of Modern Egypt, Princeton [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Badran, Margot, 2009: Body Politic(s): Women, Power, and Sexuality in Egypt. In: Dies.: Feminism in Islam. Secular and Religious Convergences, Oxford, S. 168 191. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Badry, Roswitha, 1999: Zur „Mädchenbeschneidung“ in islamischen Ländern: Religiös-rechtliche Aspekte und feministische Kritik. In: Freiburger FrauenStudien 2, S. 211-232. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bälz, Kilian, 1997: Islamisches Recht, staatliche Rechtsetzung und verfassungsgerichtliche Kontrolle. Der ägyptische Verfassungsgerichtshof und der Schleier in staatlichen Schulen (Urt. 8/17 vom 18.5.1996). In: Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 57, S. 229 242. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bälz, Kilian, 1998a: Verbot der Geschlechtsverstümmelung an Frauen. In: Europä¬i⁠s⁠c⁠h⁠e Grundrechte-Zeitschrift 25/1, S. 24 27. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bälz, Kilian, 1998b: Die Popularklage zur Verteidigung der „Rechte Gottes“: Hisba im heutigen Ägypten. In: Verfassung und Recht in Übersee 31/1, S. 60 69. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bälz, Kilian, 1998c: Die „Islamisierung“ des Rechts in Ägypten und Libyen: Islamische Rechtsetzung im Nationalstaat. In: Rabels Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht 62/3, S. 437 463. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bälz, Kilian, 2000: Human Rights, the Rule of Law and the Construction of Tradition. The Egyptian Supreme Administrative Court and Female Circumcision (Appeal no. 5257/43, 28 December 1997). In: Cotran, Eugene / Yamani, Mai (Hg.): The Rule of Law in the Middle East and the Islamic World. Human Rights and the Judicial Process, London / New York, S. 1-34. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Barclay, Harold B., 1966: Study of an Egyptian Village Community. In: Studies in Islam 3/4, S. 201-226. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Barker-Benfield, Ben, 1975: Sexual Surgery in Late-Nineteenth-Century America. In: International Journal of Health Services 5/2, S. 279 298. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baron, Beth, 2005: Egypt as a Woman. Nationalism, Gender, and Politics, Berkeley. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baron, Beth, 2008: The Origins of Family Planning: Aziza Hussein, American Experts, and the Egyptian State. In: Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 4/3, S. 31-57. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Barraclough, Steven, 1998: Al Azhar: Between the Government and the Islamists. In: Middle East Journal 52/2, S. 236 249. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Barsoum, Ghada [u. a.], 2009: Toward FGM-Free Villages in Egypt. A Mid-Term Evaluation and Documentation of the FGM-Free Village Project, hg. v. Population Council, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Baskett, Thomas F., 2008: On the Shoulders of Giants: Eponyms and Names in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London, 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bauer, Thomas, 2016: Die Kultur der Ambiguität. Eine andere Geschichte des Islams, Berlin, 5. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bayly, Christopher A., 2006: Die Geburt der modernen Welt. Eine Globalgeschichte 1780 1914, übers. v. Thomas Bertram und Martin Klaus, Frankfurt am Main [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Beattie, Kirk J., 2000: Egypt during the Sadat Years, New York / Basingstoke. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Beauchamp, Tom L. / Childress, James F., 1989: Principles of Biomedical Ethics, New York [u. a.], 3. Aufl. [1. Aufl. 1977]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bekers, Elisabeth, 2010: Rising Anthills. African and African American Writing on Female Genital Excision, 1960 2000, Madison, Wis. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bell, Heather, 1999: Frontiers of Medicine in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1899 1940, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bentlage, Björn, 2008: Die Moral der Ärzte – die Rolle der ägyptischen Ärztekammer am Beispiel von Hymenrekonstruktion und Organtransplantation. In: Motika, Raoul / Meier, Christian H. (Hg.): Bioethische und gesundheitliche Herausforderungen für die islamische Welt: AIDS, Drogen und Reproduktionsmedizin, Hamburg, S. 27 39. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bentlage, Björn, 2009: Der aktuelle Abtreibungsdiskurs in Ägypten. In: Eich, Thomas (Hg.): Reproduktionsmedizin bei Muslimen: Säkulare und religiöse Ethiken im Widerstreit?, Tübingen, S. 26 47. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Berkey, Jonathan P., 1996: Circumcision Circumscribed: Female Excision and Cultural Accommodation in the Medieval Near East. In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 28/1, S. 19 38. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Berkovitch, Nitza / Bradley, Karen, 1999: The Globalization of Women’s Status: Consensus/Dissensus in the World Polity. In: Sociological Perspectives 42/3, S. 481-498. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bernard-Maugiron, Nathalie, 1999: Freedom of the Press in Egypt: Checks and Balances. In: Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law 6, S. 22 43. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bier, Laura, 2011: Revolutionary Womanhood. Feminisms, Modernity, and the State in Nasser’s Egypt, Stanford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Biggam, A. G. / Arafa, M. A. / Ragab, A. F., 1932: Heroin Addiction in Egypt and Its Treatment during the Withdrawal Period. In: The Lancet 219/5670, S. 922 927. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bigliardi, Stefano, 2014: What We Talk about When We Talk about Iʿjāz. In: Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective 4/1, S. 38 45. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Blackman, Winifred Susan, 1968: The Fellāhīn of Upper Egypt: Their Religious, Social and Industrial Life with Special Reference to Survivals from Ancient Times, London, Nachdruck [1. Aufl. 1927]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Blaydes, Lisa / Platas, Melina R., 2020: Religion, Family Structure, and the Perpetuation of Female Genital Cutting in Egypt. In: Journal of Demographic Economics 86/3, S. 305-328. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boddy, Janice, 1989: Wombs and Alien Spirits. Women, Men, and the Zār Cult in Northern Sudan, Madison, Wis. [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boddy, Janice, 1991: Body Politics: Continuing the Anticircumcision Crusade. In: Medical Anthropology Quarterly 5/1, S. 15 17. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boddy, Janice, 2003: Barbaric Custom and Colonial Science: Teaching the Female Body in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. In: Social Analysis: The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice 47/2, S. 60 81. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boddy, Janice, 2007a: Clash of Selves: Gender, Personhood, and Human Rights Discourse in Colonial Sudan. In: Canadian Journal of African Studies 41/3, S. 402 426. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boddy, Janice, 2007b: Civilizing Women. British Crusades in Colonial Sudan, Princeton / Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boddy, Janice, 2007c: Gender Crusades. The Female Circumcision Controversy in Cultural Perspective. In: Hernlund, Ylva / Shell-Duncan, Bettina (Hg.): Transcultural Bodies. Female Genital Cutting in Global Context, New Brunswick, NJ [u. a.], S. 46 66. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bonaparte, Marie, 1950: Notes on Excision. In: Roheim, Geza (Hg.): Psychoanalysis and the Social Sciences, Bd. 2, New York, S. 67 83. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bouhdiba, Abdelwahab, 1985: Sexuality in Islam, übers. v. Alan Sheridan, London [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boullata, Issa J., 1978: Introduction. In: Amīn, Aḥmad: My Life. The Autobiography of an Egyptian Scholar, Writer, and Cultural Leader, übers. v. Issa J. Boullata, Leiden, S. VII XIV. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boulware-Miller, Kay, 1985: Female Circumcision: Challenges to the Practice as a Human Rights Violation. In: Harvard Women’s Law Journal 8, S. 155 178. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bousquet, Georges-Henri, 1990: L’éthique sexuelle de l’Islam, Paris, erw. Neuauflage [1. Aufl. 1966]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bouzenita, Anke Iman, 2009: Change of Creation or Harnessing Nature? The Reception of Biotechnology in the Islamic World. In: Islamic Studies 48/4, S. 499 523. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bowen, Donna Lee, 1997: Abortion, Islam, and the 1994 Cairo Population Conference. In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 29/2, S. 161-184. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boyle, Elizabeth Heger, 2002: Female Genital Cutting. Cultural Conflict in the Global Community, Baltimore / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Boyle, Elizabeth Heger / Preves, Sharon E., 2000: National Politics as International Process: The Case of Anti-Female-Genital Cutting Laws. In: Law & Society Review 34/3, S. 703 737. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Bratsberg, Linn, 2008: Discursive Legitimation and De-legitimation of Female Circumcision in Egypt. Masterarbeit, Bergen University, Bergen, abrufbar unter: http://bora.uib.no/handle/1956/4596 (letzter Zugriff 17.12.2017). Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Braun, Virginia, 2009: „The Women Are Doing It for Themselves“: The Rhetoric of Choice and Agency around Female Genital „Cosmetic Surgery“. In: Australian Feminist Studies 24/60, S. 233 249. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brennan, Katherine, 1988: The Influence of Cultural Relativism on International Human Rights Law: Female Circumcision as a Case Study. In: Law and Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice 7, S. 367 398. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Daniel W., 1996: Rethinking Tradition in Modern Islamic Thought, Cambridge. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Jonathan, 2009: Hadith. Muhammad’s Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Jonathan, 2011a: Even If It’s Not True It’s True: Using Unreliable Hadīths in Sunni Islam. In: Islamic Law and Society 18/1, S. 1-52. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Nathan J., 1997: Sharia and State in the Modern Muslim Middle East. In: International Journal of Middle East Studies 29/3, S. 359 376. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Nathan J., 2011b: Egypt. Cacophony and Consensus in the Twenty-First Century. In: Hefner, Robert W. (Hg.): Shariʿa Politics. Islamic Law and Society in the Modern World, Bloomington / Indianapolis, S. 94 120. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Nathan J., 2013: Islam in Egypt’s Cacophonous Constitutional Order. In: Ders. / Arjomand, Saïd Amir (Hg.): The Rule of Law, Islam, and Constitutional Politics in Egypt and Iran, Albany, NY, S. 233 248. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brown, Nathan J. / Sherif, Adel Omar, 2004: Inscribing the Islamic Shari’a in Arab Constitutional Law. In: Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck / Stowasser, Barbara Freyer (Hg.): Islamic Law and the Challenges of Modernity, Walnut Creek, Calif. [u. a.], S. 55 80. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Brunner, Rainer, 2009: Education, Politics, and the Struggle for Intellectual Leadership: Al Azhar between 1927 and 1945. In: Hatina, Meir (Hg.): Guardians of Faith in Modern Times: ʿUlamaʾ in the Middle East, Leiden / Boston, S. 109 140. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Budiani, Debra, 2007: Facilitating Organ Transplants in Egypt: An Analysis of Doctors’ Discourse. In: Body & Society 13/3, S. 125 149. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Cairo Family Planning Association, 1995: Bodily Mutilation of Young Females. In: Fernea, Elizabeth Warnock (Hg.): Children in the Muslim Middle East, Austin, Tex., S. 168 175. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Calder, Norman, 1993: Studies in Early Muslim Jurisprudence, Oxford. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Callender, Charles / El Guindi, Fadwa, 1971: Life-Crisis Rituals among the Kenuz, Cleveland / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Chen, Martha Alter, 1995: Engendering World Conferences: The International Women’s Movement and the United Nations. In: Third World Quarterly 16/3, S. 477 494. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Chiffoleau, Sylvia, 1997: Médecines et médecins en Égypte. Construction d’une identité professionnelle et projet médical, Lyon / Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Clarence-Smith, William G., 2008: Islam and Female Genital Cutting in Southeast Asia: The Weight of the Past. In: Finnish Journal of Ethnicity & Migration 3/2, S. 14 22. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Clot-Bey, Antoine B., 1840: Aperçu général sur l’Égypte. Ouvrage orné d’un portrait et de plusieurs cartes et plans coloriés, Bd. 1, Paris. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Cloward, Karisa, 2016: When Norms Collide. Local Responses to Activism against Female Genital Mutilation and Early Marriage, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Coulson, Noel J., 1964: A History of Islamic Law, Edinburgh. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Crecelius, Daniel, 1966: Al Azhar in the Revolution. In: Middle East Journal 20/1, S. 31-49. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Crecelius, Daniel, 1972: Nonideological Responses of the Egyptian Ulama to Modernization. In: Keddie, Nikki R. (Hg.): Scholars, Saints, and Sufis. Muslim Religious Institutions in the Middle East since 1500, Berkeley [u. a.], S. 167 209. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Cunningham, Andrew / Andrews, Bridie, 1997: Introduction. Western Medicine as Contested Knowledge. In: Dies. (Hg.): Western Medicine as Contested Know¬l⁠e⁠d⁠g⁠e, Manchester / New York, S. 1-23. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Cuno, Kenneth M., 2015: Modernizing Marriage. Family, Ideology, and Law in Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Egypt, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Daly, Mary, 1978: Gyn/ecology. The Metaethics of Radical Feminism, London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Damir-Geilsdorf, Sabine, 2003: Herrschaft und Gesellschaft. Der islamistische Wegbereiter Sayyid Quṭb und seine Rezeption, Würzburg. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dandash, Khadiga F. / Refaat, Amany H. / Eyada, Moustafa, 2001: Female Genital Mutilation: A Descriptive Study. In: Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 27/5, S. 453 458. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Davis, K., 1991: Remaking the She-Devil: A Critical Look at Feminist Approaches to Beauty. In: Hypatia 6/2, S. 21-43. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Denniston, George C. / Hodges, Frederick Mansfield / Milos, Marilyn Fayre (Hg.), 1999: Male and Female Circumcision. Medical, Legal, and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice, New York [u. a.]. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Denniston, George C. / Hodges, Frederick M. / Milos, Marilyn Fayre (Hg.), 2013: Genital Cutting: Protecting Children from Medical, Cultural, and Religious Infringements, Dordrecht. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dillon, Susan A., 1999: Healing the Sacred Yoni in the Land of Isis: Female Genital Mutilation Is Banned (Again) in Egypt. In: Houston Journal of International Law 22/2, S. 289 323. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Doucet, Marie-Hélène / Pallitto, Christina / Groleau, Danielle, 2017: Understanding the Motivations of Health-Care Providers in Performing Female Genital Mutilation. An Integrative Review of the Literature. In: Reproductive Health 14/46, S. 1-15. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Doumato, Eleanor Abdella, 2000: Getting God’s Ear. Women, Islam, and Healing in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, New York. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Duderija, Adis (Hg.), 2015: The Sunna and Its Status in Islamic Law. The Search for a Sound Hadith, Basingstoke. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dupret, Baudouin, 2002: Sexual Morality at the Egyptian Bar: Female Circumcision, Sex Change Operations, and Motives for Suing. In: Islamic Law and Society 9/1, S. 42 69. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dupret, Baudouin, 2004: The Person and His Body: Medical Ethics and Egyptian Law. In: Ders. (Hg.): Standing Trial. Law and the Person in the Modern Middle East, London / New York, S. 294 317. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Dupret, Baudouin, 2012: What Is Islamic Law? A Praxiological Answer and an Egyptian Case Study. In: Diamantides, Marinos / Gearey, Adam (Hg.): Islam, Law and Identity, London / New York, S. 113 135. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Early, Evelyn A., 1988: The Baladi Curative System of Cairo, Egypt. In: Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 12/1, S. 65 83. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Early, Evelyn A., 1993: Baladi Women of Cairo. Playing with an Egg and a Stone, Boulder / London. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eccel, A. Chris, 1984: Egypt, Islam and Social Change. Al Azhar in Conflict and Accommodation, Berlin. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eden, Thomas Watts / Lockyer, Cuthbert, 1920: Gynaecology for Students and Practitioners, New York, 2. Aufl. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Edinburgh Medical Journal, 1874: Circumcision. In: Edinburgh Medical Journal 20/3, S. 282. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Egyptian Fertility Care Society / Population Council / Macro, International, 1996: Clinic-Based Investigation of the Typology and Self-Reporting of FGM in Egypt, Cairo. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2005: Islam und Bioethik. Eine kritische Analyse der modernen Diskussion im islamischen Recht, Wiesbaden. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2008: Moderne Medizin und islamische Ethik. Biowissenschaften in der muslimischen Rechtstradition, Freiburg. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2009: Verfügungsrechte am eigenen Körper in der sharia am Beispiel von Schönheitsoperationen, Intersexualität und Hymen-Restauration. In: S⁠t⁠e⁠i⁠n⁠e⁠c⁠k, Christian / Döring, Ole (Hg.): Kultur und Bioethik. Eigentum am eigenen Körper, Baden-Baden, 2., überarb. Aufl., S. 154 167. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2010a: A Tiny Membrane Defending „Us“ against „Them“: Arabic Internet Debate about Hymenorraphy in Sunni Islamic Law. In: Culture, Health & Sexuality 12/7, S. 755 769. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2010b: Islamische Bioethik: Determinanten und Elemente der Meinungsbildung und Entscheidungsfindung. In: Voigt, Friedemann (Hg.): Religion in bioethischen Diskursen. Interdisziplinäre, internationale und interreligiöse Perspektiven, Berlin / New York, S. 245 266. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2018: Patterns in the History of the Commentation on the So-Called ḥadīth Ibn Masʿūd. In: Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 18, S. 137 162. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288
Eich, Thomas, 2019: Zur Geschichte zweier ḥadīṯe, die häufig in der Diskussion über FGM zitiert werden. In: Zeitschrift für Recht und Islam 11, S. 79 104. Open Google Scholar DOI: 10.5771/9783956508288