Investment Protection and Human Rights Regulation: Two Aims in a Relationship of Solvable Tension

Dr. Cordula A. Meckenstock LL.M.

doi:10.5771/9783845226996

Summary

Investitionsschutz und innerstaatliche Regulierung zwecks Durchsetzung eines höheren menschenrechtlichen Standards stehen vermeintlich im Widerspruch zueinander. Die Autorin untersucht das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen diesen beiden legitimen Interessen am Beispiel von sogenannten Stabilisierungsklauseln in Investor-Staat-Verträgen, welche zu Gunsten ausländischer Investoren das rechtliche und ökonomische Gefüge eines Investitionsprojektes im Gastland für die Lebensdauer desselben „einfrieren“. Solche Stabilisierungsklauseln kollidieren mit späterer innerstaatlicher Regulierung zwecks Umsetzung höherer menschenrechtlicher Standards. Die Autorin erarbeitet unter Einbeziehung der aktuellen internationalen Diskussion sowie anhand einer Fallstudie praktische vertragliche Instrumente zur Lösung des aufgezeigten Spannungsverhältnisses für zukünftige Investitionsprojekte.

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Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2010
Copyright year: 2010
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8329-5980-7
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-2699-6
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Leipziger Schriften zum Völkerrecht, Europarecht und ausländischen öffentlichen Recht
Volume: 17
Language: English
Pages: 176
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 2 - 12 Cordula A. Meckenstock
Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. Introduction No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. 1. Why Foreign Investment? No access Pages 17 - 20 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. What is Foreign Investment exactly? No access Pages 20 - 20 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Short History of Foreign Investment No access Pages 20 - 21 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  4. Volume of Foreign Direct Investment No access Pages 21 - 22 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  5. Pros and Cons of Foreign Direct Investment No access Pages 22 - 24 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. 1. Treaty Law No access Pages 24 - 26 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Customary International Law No access Pages 26 - 27 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Jurisdiction No access Pages 27 - 27 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  4. In Detail: Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) No access Pages 27 - 29 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  5. In Detail: State Contracts No access Pages 29 - 32 Cordula A. Meckenstock
3. 1. Meaning of the “Rule of Law” No access Pages 32 - 33 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. The “Reform Menu” No access Pages 33 - 34 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Rule of Law as a (Secondary) Determinant for Investment Decisions No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Bounded Rationality of Foreign Investors No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Practical Example for Role of the Rule of Law No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    4. Digression: Different Motivations for FDI No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    5. Different Sensitivity to the Rule of Law No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    6. The Critical Mass Theory No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  4. FDI in the Rule of Law Reform Process No access Pages 40 - 41 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  5. Integrating FDI into the Rule of Law Reform Process No access Pages 41 - 42 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  6. Conclusions No access Pages 42 - 44 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. 1. Introductory Remarks No access Pages 45 - 47 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Freezing Clauses/Incorporation Clauses No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Non-application Clauses No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Intangibility Clauses No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    4. Limited Classic Stabilization Clauses No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    5. Economic Stabilization Clauses No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    6. Limited Economic Stabilization Clauses No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Relevance of Stabilization Clauses No access Pages 53 - 56 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. 1. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Direct Internationalization No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Indirect Internationalization No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Conflict of Laws v. Material Law Choice No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Stabilization Clause as a Conflict of Law Choice No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Stabilization Clause as a Material Law Choice No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Conclusions about the Legal Effects of Classic Stabilization Clauses No access Pages 60 - 62 Cordula A. Meckenstock
3. Conclusions about Stabilization Clauses in State Contracts No access Pages 62 - 64 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. Concerns related to Domestic Law No access Pages 65 - 70 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. Concerns related to the Sovereignty of the Host State No access Pages 70 - 72 Cordula A. Meckenstock
3. Concerns related to the Pursuit of Public Welfare No access Pages 72 - 73 Cordula A. Meckenstock
4. Conclusions No access Pages 73 - 74 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. 1. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Nationalizations as Wide-Scale Expropriations No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Expropriations under International Law No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Hull Formula, Calvo Doctrine and Appropriate Compensation No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    4. Current Developments concerning Compensation Standards No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Case Law No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Separation between Indirect Expropriation and Legal Regulation No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Regulatory Takings No access Pages 86 - 87 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  4. Measures below the expropriating Threshold No access Pages 87 - 88 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  5. Conclusions No access Pages 88 - 90 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. 1. Implications of “Classic Stabilization Clauses” on the Threshold Triggering a Compensatory Duty No access Pages 90 - 91 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Implications of “Economic Stabilization Clauses” on the Threshold Triggering a Compensatory Duty No access Pages 91 - 92 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. Stabilization Clauses Generating the Tension between Stabilization and Regulation No access Pages 93 - 97 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. 1. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Host States’ Right and Duty to Regulate No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Host States’ Duty to Protect No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Low Human Rights and Environmental Standards No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. The “Selective Regulation” No access Pages 100 - 102 Cordula A. Meckenstock
3. 1. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. European Convention of Human Rights No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. NAFTA No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. COMESA No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    4. The Widely Used Canadian Model BIT No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    5. Free Trade Agreement between the United States and Chile No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    6. American Law Institute’s Restatement Third of Foreign Relations Law of the United States No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Literature No access Pages 110 - 111 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Degree of Interference with the Property Right No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Purpose of the Governmental Measure No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Proportionality of the Governmental Measure No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    4. Reasonable Expectations of the Foreign Investor No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    5. Conclusions No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
4. 1. International Law No access Pages 118 - 118 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. International Literature No access Pages 118 - 121 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Case Law No access Pages 121 - 122 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  4. Conclusion No access Pages 122 - 124 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. 1. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Broad Escape Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Purpose-Based Escape Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    3. Area of Law-Focused Escape Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    4. Source of Law-Related Escape Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    5. Situation-Based Escape Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    6. Definition of Expropriation No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. International Institute for Sustainable Development Model BIT No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Abandoned, but Modern Norwegian Model BIT No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Conclusions and Drafting Proposal No access Pages 133 - 136 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. 1. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Interpretational Tool No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Amendment Tools No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. Drafting Proposal of a Model Escape Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. Improving the Bargaining Process No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Conclusions No access Pages 146 - 148 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. 1. Factual Background No access Pages 149 - 153 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. Cordula A. Meckenstock
    1. The Prevailing Legal Regime No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
    2. The Economic Stabilization Clause No access Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. 1. The Wording No access Pages 159 - 160 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  2. The Legal Effects No access Pages 160 - 161 Cordula A. Meckenstock
  3. Analysis No access Pages 161 - 162 Cordula A. Meckenstock
1. Main Theses No access Pages 163 - 168 Cordula A. Meckenstock
2. Hauptthesen No access Pages 168 - 170 Cordula A. Meckenstock
Bibliography No access Pages 171 - 176 Cordula A. Meckenstock