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Monographie Kein Zugriff
Keys to Behavior-Based Safety
- Autor:innen:
- Verlag:
- 2001
Publikation durchsuchen
Bibliographische Angaben
- Copyrightjahr
- 2001
- ISBN-Print
- 978-0-86587-888-4
- ISBN-Online
- 978-1-4616-2489-9
- Verlag
- Government Institutes, Lanham
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Seiten
- 437
- Produkttyp
- Monographie
Inhaltsverzeichnis
KapitelSeiten
- Table of Contents Kein Zugriff
- List of Figures and Tables Kein Zugriff
- Foreword Kein Zugriff
- About Dr. E. Scott Geller Kein Zugriff
- About Safety Performance Solutions Kein Zugriff
- Acknowledgments Kein Zugriff
- Principle 1: Safety should be Driven by the Local Culture and not by an outside Agency Kein Zugriff
- Principle 2: Culture Change Requires that People Understand the Principles and know what to do about them Kein Zugriff
- Principle 3: Champions of a Total Safety Culture will Emanate from those who Teach the Principles and Procedures Kein Zugriff
- Principle 4: Leadership can be Developed by Teaching and Demonstrating the Characteristics of Effective Leaders Kein Zugriff
- Principle 5: Focus Recognition, Education, and Training on People Reluctant but Willing Rather than on those Resisting Kein Zugriff
- Principle 6: Increase Commitment, Ownership, and Involvement by Giving People Opportunities for Choice Kein Zugriff
- Principle 7: A Total Safety Culture Requires Continuous Attention to Factors in three Domains: Environment, Behavior, and Person Kein Zugriff
- Principle 8: Do not Count on Common Sense for Safety Improvement Kein Zugriff
- Principle 9: Safety Incentive Programs should Focus on the Process Rather than Outcomes Kein Zugriff
- Principle 10: Safety should not be Considered a Priority but a Value with no Compromise Kein Zugriff
- Principle 11: Safety is a Continuous Fight with Human Nature Kein Zugriff
- Principle 12: Behavior is Learned from Three Basic Procedures: Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, and Observational Learning Kein Zugriff
- Principle 13: People View Behavior as Correct and Appropriate to the Degree they See others doing it Kein Zugriff
- Principle 14: People will Blindly Follow Authority, Even when the Mandate Runs Counter to Good Judgment and Social Responsibility Kein Zugriff
- Principle 15: Social Loafing can be Prevented by Increasing Personal Responsibility, Individual Accountability, Group Cohesion, and Interdependence Kein Zugriff
- Principle 16: On-the-job Observation and Interpersonal Feedback is key to Achieving a Total Safety Culture Kein Zugriff
- Principle 17: Behavior-Based Safety is a Continuous Do it Process with D =Define Target Behaviors, 0 =Observe Target Behaviors, I = Intervene to Improve Behaviors, and T = Test Impact of Intervention Kein Zugriff
- Principle 18: Behavior is Directed by Activators and Motivated by Consequences Kein Zugriff
- Principle 19: Intervention Impact is Influenced by Amount of Response Information, Participation, Social Support, and External Consequences Kein Zugriff
- Principle 20: Extra and External Consequences Should not Over-Justify the Target Behavior Kein Zugriff
- Principle 21: People are Motivated to Maximize Positive Consequences (rewards) and Minimize Negative Consequences (costs) Kein Zugriff
- Principle 22: Consequences have Three Dichotomous Characteristics: Positive vs. Negative, Natural vs. Extra, and Internal vs. External Kein Zugriff
- Principle 23: Negative Consequences have Four Undesirable Side Effects: Escape, Aggression, Apathy, and Counter-Control Kein Zugriff
- Principle 24: Natural Variation in Behavior can Lead to a Belief that Negative Consequences have More Impact than Positive Consequences Kein Zugriff
- Principle 25: Long-term Behavior Change Requires People to Change "Inside" as well as "Outside" Kein Zugriff
- Principle 26: All Perception is Biased and Dependent Upon Personal History, Prejudices, Motives, and Expectations Kein Zugriff
- Principle 27: Perceived Risk is Lowered when a Hazard is Perceived as Familiar, Understood, Controllable, and Preventable Kein Zugriff
- Principle 28: The slogan "All Injuries are Preventable" is False and Reduces Perceived Risk Kein Zugriff
- Principle 29: People Compensate for Increases in Perceived Safety by Taking More risks Kein Zugriff
- Principle 30: When People Evaluate Others, they Focus on Internal Factors; When Evaluating Personal Performance, they Focus on External Factors Kein Zugriff
- Principle 31: When Succeeding, People Over-Attribute Internal Factors, but When Failing, People over-Attribute External Factors Kein Zugriff
- Principle 32: People Feel More Personal Control When Working to Achieve than When Working to Avoid Failure Kein Zugriff
- Principle 33: Stressors Lead to Positive Stress or Negative Distress Depending on Appraisal of Personal Control Kein Zugriff
- Principle 34: In a Total Safety Culture Everyone Goes Beyond the Call of Duty for the Safety of themselves and Others they Actively Care Kein Zugriff
- Principle 35: Active Caring Should be Planned, Purposed, and Focused on Environment, Person, or Behavior Kein Zugriff
- Principle 36: Direct, Behavior-Focused Active Caring is Proactive and Most Challenging and Requires Effective Communication Skills Kein Zugriff
- Principle 37: Safety Coaching that Starts with Caring and Involves Observing, Analyzing, and Communicating Leads to Helping Kein Zugriff
- Principle 38: Actively Caring Behavior can be Increased Indirectly with Procedures that Enhance Self-esteem, Belonging, and Empowerment Kein Zugriff
- Principle 39: Empowerment is Facilitated with Increases in Self-Efficacy, Personal Control, and Optimism Kein Zugriff
- Principle 40: When People feel Empowered, their Safe Behavior Spreads to other Situations and Behaviors Kein Zugriff
- Principle 41: Actively Caring Behavior can be Increased Directly by Educating People about Factors Contributing to by Stander Apathy Kein Zugriff
- Principle 42: As the Number of Observers of a Crisis Increases, the Probability of Helping Decreases Kein Zugriff
- Principle 43: Actively Caring Behavior is Facilitated When Appreciated, but it is Inhibited when Unappreciated Kein Zugriff
- Principle 44: A positive Reaction to Actively Caring Behavior can Increase Self-esteem, Empowerment, and Belonging Kein Zugriff
- Principle 45: The Universal Norms of Consistency and Reciprocity Motivate Everyday Behaviors, Including Actively Caring Behavior Kein Zugriff
- Principle 46: Once People Make a Commitment, they Encounter Internal and External Pressures to Think and Act Consistently with their Position Kein Zugriff
- Principle 47: The Consistency Principle is Responsible for the Impact of "Foot-in-the-Door" and "Low-Balling" Kein Zugriff
- Principle 48: The Reciprocity Norm is Responsible for the Impact of the Door-in-the-face Technique Kein Zugriff
- Principle 49: Numbers from Program Evaluations should be Meaningful to All Program Participants and should Provide Direction and Motivation for Intervention Improvement Kein Zugriff
- Principle 50: Statistical Analysis Often adds Confusion and Misunderstanding to Evaluation Results, there by Reducing Social Validity Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- From Dependency to Interdependency Kein Zugriff
- We Try to be Consistent in thought and Deed Kein Zugriff
- We Reciprocate to Return the Favor Kein Zugriff
- We Follow the Crowd Kein Zugriff
- We Actively Care for People We Like Kein Zugriff
- Value Increases with Scarcity Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- The Need for Competence Kein Zugriff
- The Need for Self-Efficacy Kein Zugriff
- The Need for Response-Efficacy Kein Zugriff
- The Power of Feedback Kein Zugriff
- Total Safety Culture Kein Zugriff
- Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) Observation and Feedback Kein Zugriff
- Background Kein Zugriff
- Self-Observation Kein Zugriff
- BBS Process Kein Zugriff
- BBS Success Kein Zugriff
- Background Kein Zugriff
- BBS Process Kein Zugriff
- BBS Success Kein Zugriff
- Empirical Support for the Actively Caring Model Kein Zugriff
- Subjects Kein Zugriff
- Personality Measures Kein Zugriff
- Actively Caring Kein Zugriff
- Procedure Kein Zugriff
- Thank-you Cards Kein Zugriff
- Thank-you Card Findings Kein Zugriff
- Discussion Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Subjects and Setting Kein Zugriff
- The Safety Culture Survey (SCS) Kein Zugriff
- Procedure Kein Zugriff
- Inter-item Reliability Kein Zugriff
- Relationships between Subscales Kein Zugriff
- Regression Analyses Kein Zugriff
- Convergent and Divergent Validity Kein Zugriff
- Discussion Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- 1. Increased Risk-taking Kein Zugriff
- 2. Poor Incident Analysis Kein Zugriff
- 3. Lack of Involvement Kein Zugriff
- 4. Lack of Public Support Kein Zugriff
- What to do Kein Zugriff
- Flawed Thinking Kein Zugriff
- What is Safety Self-Management? Kein Zugriff
- From Outside to Inside Direction Kein Zugriff
- Getting Started in Safety Self-Management Kein Zugriff
- The Techniques of Safety Self-Management Kein Zugriff
- Self-Observing and Recording Kein Zugriff
- Developing a Self-Observation Checklist Kein Zugriff
- Activator Management Kein Zugriff
- Self-statements Kein Zugriff
- Self-instruction Kein Zugriff
- Beliefs Kein Zugriff
- Interpretations Kein Zugriff
- Mental Imagery Kein Zugriff
- Self-rewards Kein Zugriff
- Goal-setting Kein Zugriff
- Social Support Kein Zugriff
- Commitment Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Safety Coaching Versus Athletic Coaching Kein Zugriff
- "C" for Care Kein Zugriff
- "O" for Observe Kein Zugriff
- "A" for Analyze Kein Zugriff
- "C" for Communicate Kein Zugriff
- "H" for Help Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Behavioral Observation and Feedback Reviewed Kein Zugriff
- A Total Safety Culture Defined Kein Zugriff
- Principles of Psychology that Underlie an Observation and Feedback Process Kein Zugriff
- Application of Principles of Psychology to Other Safety Management Systems Kein Zugriff
- An Illustrative Case Study Kein Zugriff
- An Assessment Tool to Evaluate Safety Management Systems Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Method Kein Zugriff
- Procedure Kein Zugriff
- Results Kein Zugriff
- Discussion Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Involve Employees in an Observation and Feedback Process Kein Zugriff
- Reinforce Targeted PPE Behaviors Kein Zugriff
- Consider the Various Factors Influencing PPE Use Kein Zugriff
- Involve Workers in Determining Appropriate Interventions Kein Zugriff
- Focus on the Potential for Injury, not Safety Rules Kein Zugriff
- Use Examples, Images and Case Studies Kein Zugriff
- Consider issues Beyond PPE Kein Zugriff
- Traditional Approach to Managing Ergonomic Risks Kein Zugriff
- An Overview of A Behavioral Observation and Feedback Process Kein Zugriff
- Integrating Behavioral Observation into an Ergonomics Program Kein Zugriff
- Training Observers to Identify Ergonomic Risks Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Lack of Conversation Builds Barriers Kein Zugriff
- Conversation Resolves Conflict Kein Zugriff
- Conversation Makes Intangibles Real Kein Zugriff
- Conversation Defines Culture Kein Zugriff
- Conversation Defines Public Self-Image Kein Zugriff
- Conversation Makes a Breakthrough Possible Kein Zugriff
- Get beyond the Past Kein Zugriff
- Seek Commitment Kein Zugriff
- Listen Before Giving Directives Kein Zugriff
- Ask Questions First Kein Zugriff
- Transition from Nondirective to Directive Kein Zugriff
- Overcome Prejudice Filters Kein Zugriff
- Plant Words to Improve Self-Image Kein Zugriff
- Coaching Conversation Kein Zugriff
- Delegating Conversation Kein Zugriff
- Instructive Conversation Kein Zugriff
- Supportive Conversation Kein Zugriff
- The Critical Role of Proactive Listening Kein Zugriff
- The Role of Competence and Commitment Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- We Need to Give More Quality Recognition Kein Zugriff
- 1. Deliver Recognition During or Immediately after Safe Behavior Kein Zugriff
- 2. Make It Personal for Both Parties Kein Zugriff
- 3. Connect Specific Behavior with General Higher-Level Praise Kein Zugriff
- 4. Deliver the Recognition Privately and One-on-one Kein Zugriff
- 5. Let it Stand Alone and Soak in Kein Zugriff
- 6. Use Tangibles for Symbolic Value Only Kein Zugriff
- 7. Secondhand Recognition Has Special Advantages Kein Zugriff
- 1. Avoid Denial and Disclaimer Statements Kein Zugriff
- 2. Listen Attentively with Genuine Appreciation Kein Zugriff
- 3. Take it in and Relive it Later for Self Motivation Kein Zugriff
- 4. Show Sincere Appreciation Kein Zugriff
- 5. Recognize the Person for Recognizing you Kein Zugriff
- 6. Embrace the Reciprocity Principle Kein Zugriff
- 7. Ask for Recognition when it is Deserved but not Forthcoming Kein Zugriff
- 1. Celebrations of Injury Reduction should be Unannounced Kein Zugriff
- 2. Celebrate Accomplishment but Focus on the Journey Kein Zugriff
- 3. Show Top-Down Support but Facilitate Bottom-Up Involvement Kein Zugriff
- 4. Facilitate Discussion to Relive the Journey Kein Zugriff
- 5. Enable Discussions of Successes and Failures Kein Zugriff
- 6. Use Tangible Rewards to Establish a Memory Kein Zugriff
- 7. Solicit Employee Input Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Pun Kein Zugriff
- Exaggeration Kein Zugriff
- Surprise Kein Zugriff
- Silliness Kein Zugriff
- The Put-down Kein Zugriff
- Perception Problems Kein Zugriff
- What Gets Measured Gets Done Kein Zugriff
- The Need for New Measures Kein Zugriff
- What Else should be Measured? Kein Zugriff
- Process-Based Accountabilities Measure Individual Performance Kein Zugriff
- The Reluctance to Change Measures Kein Zugriff
- What is a Behavioral Discrepancy? Kein Zugriff
- Should the Work Context be Changed? Kein Zugriff
- Is Safe Behavior Punished? Kein Zugriff
- Is At-Risk Behavior Rewarded? Kein Zugriff
- Are Extra Consequences used Effectively? Kein Zugriff
- Can the Task be Simplified? Kein Zugriff
- Is there a Skill Discrepancy? Kein Zugriff
- What Kind of Training is Needed? Kein Zugriff
- Is the Person Right for the Job? Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Process vs. Outcome Performance Measures Kein Zugriff
- Quantitative vs. Qualitative Performance Measures Kein Zugriff
- Goal Setting Based on Performance Measures Kein Zugriff
- Developing a Health and Safety Measurement System Kein Zugriff
- Using a Health and Safety Measurement System Kein Zugriff
- A Multiple Intervention level (MIL) Hierarchy Kein Zugriff
- Study 1: Nationwide Survey on Behavior-Based Safety Kein Zugriff
- Study 2: Applications of Strategies to Increase Safe Driving: A Systematic Evaluation of Intervention Effectiveness after a Decade of Culture Change Kein Zugriff
- Study 3: The Effects of Employee Involvement on Behavior-Based Safety Kein Zugriff
- Study 4: Effects of Self-Observation on Safe Driving Practices Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- 1. Leaders Focus on Process Kein Zugriff
- 2. Leaders Educate Kein Zugriff
- 3. Leaders Use Conditional Statements Kein Zugriff
- 4. Leaders Listen First Kein Zugriff
- 5. Leaders Promote Ownership Kein Zugriff
- 6. Leaders Encourage Choice Kein Zugriff
- 7. Leaders Set Expectations Kein Zugriff
- 8. Leaders are Confident but Uncertain Kein Zugriff
- 9. Leaders Look beyond the Numbers Kein Zugriff
- 10. Leaders Make More Distinctions between People Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Watch your Language Kein Zugriff
- From One Root Cause to Many Contributing Factors Kein Zugriff
- From Avoiding Failure to Achieving Success Kein Zugriff
- From Top-Down Correction to Bottom-Up Involvement Kein Zugriff
- From Narrow to Broad Application of Solutions Kein Zugriff
- From Outcome to Process Accountability Kein Zugriff
- Other Language Barriers Kein Zugriff
- Improve Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Conversation Kein Zugriff
- Make Feedback Behavior-Focused Kein Zugriff
- Make the Context Positive Kein Zugriff
- Give Feedback Privately Kein Zugriff
- Ask Others for Feedback Kein Zugriff
- Give More Positive than Negative Consequences Kein Zugriff
- Teach Theory and Principles before Procedures Kein Zugriff
- Provide Guidance for Customizing a Process Kein Zugriff
- Build Ownership and Interpersonal Trust Kein Zugriff
- Teach and Promote Interdependency Kein Zugriff
- Do More Leading than Managing Kein Zugriff
- Enhance the Actively Caring Person States Kein Zugriff
- Teach and Promote Systems Thinking Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Interpersonal Trust Among Co-workers Kein Zugriff
- Interpersonal Trust Scale Kein Zugriff
- Building a Trusting Culture Kein Zugriff
- 1. Communication Kein Zugriff
- 2. Caring Kein Zugriff
- 3. Candor Kein Zugriff
- 4. Consistency Kein Zugriff
- 5. Commitment Kein Zugriff
- 6. Consensus Kein Zugriff
- 7. Character Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 1: Reprimand Privately but Recognize Publicly Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 2: We Learn More from Our Mistakes than from Our Successes Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 3: Seventy-seven Percent of Our Mental thoughts are Negative Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 4: Do Something 21 Times and it Becomes a Habit Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 5: We can Only Motivate Ourselves, not Others Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 6: Incentives and Rewards are Detrimental to Self-motivation Kein Zugriff
- Fallacy 7: For Every 300 Unsafe Acts there are 29 Minor Injuries and One Major Injury Kein Zugriff
- It's Only Common Sense Kein Zugriff
- It's Just a Fad Kein Zugriff
- It's a Magic Bullet Kein Zugriff
- Employees Get the Blame Kein Zugriff
- It's Only Observation and Feedback Kein Zugriff
- Management is off the Hook Kein Zugriff
- Environmental Fixes are not Needed Kein Zugriff
- It's "Touchy-feely" Psychology Kein Zugriff
- Attitude Change must Come First Kein Zugriff
- There's no Bottom-line Payoff Kein Zugriff
- Organizational Change Kein Zugriff
- Failing to Teach Principles Kein Zugriff
- Lack of Perceived Ownership Kein Zugriff
- Insufficient Worker Involvement Kein Zugriff
- Invisible Top-down Support Kein Zugriff
- Too Few Champions Kein Zugriff
- Confusing Goals with Purpose Kein Zugriff
- Poor Measures of Success Kein Zugriff
- Guideline 1: Specify Behavior Kein Zugriff
- Guideline 2: Maintain Salience with Novelty Kein Zugriff
- Guideline 3: Vary the Message Kein Zugriff
- Guideline 4: Involve the Target Audience Kein Zugriff
- Guideline 5: Activate Close to Response Opportunity Kein Zugriff
- Guideline 6: Implicate Consequences Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Self-Perception is Defined by Behavior Kein Zugriff
- Direct Persuasion Has Limited Impact Kein Zugriff
- An Indirect Approach is More Likely to Influence Self-Persuasion Kein Zugriff
- Self-Persuasion is Key to Long-Term Behavior Change Kein Zugriff
- Large Incentives can Hinder Self-Persuasion and Lasting Change Kein Zugriff
- Mild Threats Influence More Self-Persuasion than Severe Threats Kein Zugriff
- The More Obvious the External Control the Less the Self-Persuasion Kein Zugriff
- Self-Efficacy is Key to Empowerment and Long-Term Participation Kein Zugriff
- Response-Efficacy Is Key to Empowerment and Long-Term Participation Kein Zugriff
- Motivation to Act Comes from Outcome Expectancy Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Hypotheses Kein Zugriff
- Method Kein Zugriff
- Perception Survey Results Kein Zugriff
- Discussion Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Why have Our Dreams Fallen Short? Kein Zugriff
- Behavior-Based Safety: A Cause for Optimism Kein Zugriff
- What's the Problem? Kein Zugriff
- Backstabbing by Safety Consultants Kein Zugriff
- What should we do? Kein Zugriff
- References Kein Zugriff
- Index Kein Zugriff Seiten 429 - 437





