Cover of book: Old Friends in Troubled Waters
Buy in shop
, to see if you have full access to this publication.
Book Titles No access

Old Friends in Troubled Waters

Policy Principles, Elites, and U.S.-German Relations at the Citizen Level After the Cold War
Authors:
Publisher:
 2016

Summary

At the beginning of the 21st century, German-American relations resemble a roller coaster ride: The terror attacks of 9/11 led to a wave of solidarity among German citizens. While America’s reputation dwindled due to the war in Iraq, the election of Barack Obama led to waves of enthusiasm.

Against the backdrop of Germany’s new role in the world, this book analyzes American and German citizens’ responses to changes in the international system in the post-Cold War era and their repercussions on the transatlantic relationship at citizen level. The evidence reveals transatlantic disagreement over core foreign policy postures, particularly the use of military force. Whether such cultural differences can seriously undermine transatlantic relations is conditional upon elite behavior.

Bibliographic data

Copyright year
2016
ISBN-Print
978-3-8487-2756-8
ISBN-Online
978-3-8452-7228-3
Publisher
Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series
Studien zur Wahl- und Einstellungsforschung
Volume
30
Language
English
Pages
294
Product type
Book Titles

Table of contents

ChapterPages
  1. Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access 1 - 14
  2. List of abbreviations No access 15 - 16
    1. 1.1 U.S.-German relations in the post-Cold War era from a citizen perspective No access
    2. 1.2 Core postures, parties, and U.S.-German relations: A model and some expectations No access
    3. 1.3 Data and outline of the book No access
    1. 2.1 Introduction No access
      1. 2.2.1 Introduction No access
      2. 2.2.2 Internationalism No access
      3. 2.2.3 Militarism No access
      4. 2.2.4 Multilateralism No access
      1. 2.3.1 Introduction No access
      2. 2.3.2 Foreign policy problems facing the country No access
      3. 2.3.3 International threat perceptions No access
      4. 2.3.4 Attitudes toward foreign countries, their leaders, and transatlantic relations No access
      1. 2.4.1 Introduction No access
      2. 2.4.2 Providing collective security: NATO, EU, or both? No access
      3. 2.4.3 War and military interventions No access
      4. 2.4.4 International terrorism No access
      5. 2.4.5 Nuclear proliferation No access
    5. 2.5 Summary and implications No access
    1. 3.1 Introduction No access
    2. 3.2 Data, measurement, and methods No access
      1. 3.3.1 The Kosovo War No access
      2. 3.3.2 International terrorism No access
      3. 3.3.3 The Afghanistan War No access
      4. 3.3.4 The Iraq War No access
      5. 3.3.5 The Iranian nuclear program No access
      6. 3.3.6 NATO No access
      7. 3.3.7 Transatlantic relations No access
    4. 3.4 Summary and implications No access
  6. 4 Conclusion No access 226 - 238
  7. References No access 239 - 254
  8. Appendix A: Data sets No access 255 - 258
  9. Appendix B1: Question wording for figures No access 259 - 268
  10. Appendix B2: Question wording for tables No access 269 - 284
  11. Appendix B3: Question wording for results reported in the text only No access 285 - 294

Bibliography (244)

  1. References Open Google Scholar
  2. Aldrich, John H./Gelpi, Christopher/Feaver, Peter/Reifler, Jason/Sharp, Kristin Thompson. 2006. Foreign Policy and the Electoral Connection. In: Annual Review of Political Science, 9: 477-502. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.111605.105008
  3. Aldrich, John H./Sullivan, John L./Borgida, Eugene. 1989. Foreign Affairs and Issue Voting: Do Presidential Candidates “Waltz Before A Blind Audience?”. In: The American Political Science Review, 83: 123-141. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/1956437
  4. Almond, Gabriel A. 1950. The American People and Foreign Policy. New York, Har⁠c⁠o⁠u⁠rt, Brace and Company. Open Google Scholar
  5. Almond, Gabriel A./Verba, Sidney. 1963. The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1515/9781400874569
  6. Althaus, Scott L./Coe, Kevin. 2011. Priming Patriots: Social Identity Processes and the Dynamics of Public Support for War. In: Public Opinion Quarterly, 75: 65-88. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfq071
  7. Alvarez, R. Michael/Brehm, John. 2002. Hard Choices, Easy Answers: Values, Information, and American Public Opinion. New Jersey, Princeton University Press. Open Google Scholar
  8. Art, Robert J. 1996. Why Western Europe Needs the United States and NATO. In: Political Science Quarterly, 111: 1-39. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2151926
  9. Ash, Timothy G. 1994. Germany’s Choice. In: Foreign Affairs, 73: 65-81. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/20046744
  10. Asmus, Ronald D. 1994. German Strategy and Opinion After the Wall 1990-1993. Santa Monica, RAND. Open Google Scholar
  11. Asmus, Ronald D. 1995. Germany’s Geopolitical Maturation: Public Opinion and Security Policy in 1994. Santa Monica, RAND. Open Google Scholar
  12. Asmus, Ronald D./Everts, Philip P./Isernia, Pierangelo. 2004. Power, War, and Public Opinion: Looking Behind the Transatlantic Divide. In: Policy Review, 123: 73-88. Open Google Scholar
  13. Asmus, Ronald D./Everts, Philip P./Isernia, Pierangelo. 2005. The Transatlantic Gap in Public Opinion. In: Jäger, Thomas/Höse, Alexander/Oppermann, Kai (Eds.). Transatlantische Beziehungen. Sicherheit - Wirtschaft - Öffentlichkeit. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften: 397-424. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80721-2_21
  14. Baker, Kendall L./Dalton, Russell J./Hildebrandt, Kai. 1981. Germany Transformed: Political Culture and the New Politics. Cambridge, Harvard University Press. Open Google Scholar
  15. Bartels, Larry M. 2002. Beyond the Running Tally: Partisan Bias in Political Perceptions. In: Political Behavior, 24: 117-150. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1023/A:1021226224601
  16. Baum, Matthew A. 2004. How Public Opinion Constrains the Use of Force: The Case of Operation Restore Hope. In: Presidential Studies Quarterly, 34: 187-226. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2004.00028.x
  17. Baum, Matthew A./Groeling, Tim J. 2010. War Stories: The Causes and Con¬se¬qu⁠e⁠n⁠c⁠es of Public Views of War. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Open Google Scholar
  18. Baum, Matthew A./Potter, Philip B. K. 2008. The Relationships between Mass Media, Public Opinion, and Foreign Policy: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis. In: Annual Review of Political Science, 11: 39-65. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060406.214132
  19. Baumann, Rainer/Hellmann, Gunther. 2001. Germany and the Use of Military Force: ‘Total War’, the ‘Culture of Restraint’ and the Quest for Normality. In: German Po⁠l¬i¬tics, 10: 61-82. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1080/09644000412331307394
  20. Bellamy, Alex J. 2008. The Responsibility to Protect and the Problem of Military Intervention. In: International Affairs, 84: 615-639. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2008.00729.x
  21. Berger, Thomas U. 1998. Cultures of Antimilitarism: National Security in Germany and Japan. Chicago, John Hopkins University Press. Open Google Scholar
  22. Berger, Thomas U. 2002. A Perfectly Normal Abnormality: German Foreign Policy after Kosovo and Afghanistan. In: Japanese Journal of Political Science, 3: 173-193. Open Google Scholar
  23. Berinsky, Adam J. 2009. In Time of War: Understanding American Public Opinion from World War II to Iraq. Chicago, Chicago University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226043463.001.0001
  24. Biava, Alessia/Drent, Margriet/Herd, Graeme P. 2011. Characterizing the European Union’s Strategic Culture: An Analytical Framework. In: Journal of Common Market Studies, 49: 1227-1248. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2011.02195.x
  25. Biehl, Heiko/Giegerich, Bastian/Jonas, Alexandra (Eds.). 2013. Strategic Cultures in Europe: Security and Defence Policies Across the Continent. Wiesbaden, Springer VS. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-01168-0
  26. Bierling, Stephan. 2014. Vormacht wider Willen: Deutsche Außenpolitik von der Wiedervereinigung bis zur Gegenwart. München, C. H. Beck. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.17104/9783406667671
  27. Bowen, Wyn Q./Kidd, Joanna. 2004. The Iranian Nuclear Challenge. In: International Affairs, 80: 257-276. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2004.00382.x
  28. Brady, Henry E./Sniderman, Paul M. 1985. Attitude Attribution: A Group Basis for Political Reasoning. In: The American Political Science Review, 79: 1061-1078. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/1956248
  29. Burk, James. 1999. Public Support for Peacekeeping in Lebanon and Somalia: Assessing the Casualties Hypothesis. In: Political Science Quarterly, 114: 53-78. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2657991
  30. Bush, George W. 2001. Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People. http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html, retrieved 8/10/2014. Open Google Scholar
  31. Carey, Henry F. 2001. U.S. Domestic Politics and the Emerging Humanitarian Intervention Policy: Haiti, Bosnia, and Kosovo. In: World Affairs, 164: 72-82. Open Google Scholar
  32. Cavallaro, James/Sonnenberg, Stephan/Knuckey, Sarah. 2012. Living Under Drones: Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan. International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic at Stanford Law School and Global Justice Clinic at NYU School of Law. Open Google Scholar
  33. Chittick, William O. 2006. American Foreign Policy: A Framework for Analysis. Washington D.C., CQ Press. Open Google Scholar
  34. Chittick, William O./Billingsley, Keith R./Travis, Rick. 1995. A Three-Dimensional Model of American Foreign Policy Beliefs. In: International Studies Quarterly, 39: 313-331. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2600923
  35. Chittick, William O./Freyberg-Inan, Annette. 2001. The Impact of Basic Motivation on Foreign Policy Opinions Concerning the Use of Force: A Three-Dimensional Framework. In: Everts, Philip/Isernia, Pierangelo (Eds.). Public Opinion and the International Use of Force. London, Routledge: 31-56. Open Google Scholar
  36. Chong, Dennis/Druckman, James N. 2007a. Framing Public Opinion in Competitive Democracies. In: American Political Science Review, 101: 637-655. Open Google Scholar
  37. Chong, Dennis/Druckman, James N. 2007b. Framing Theory. In: Annual Review of Political Science, 10: 103-126. Open Google Scholar
  38. Chong, Dennis/Druckman, James N. 2007c. A Theory of Framing and Opinion Formation in Competitive Elite Environments. In: Journal of Communication, 57: 99-118. Open Google Scholar
  39. Chu, Thai Q./Seery, Mark D./Ence, Whitney A./Holman, E. Alison/Silver, Roxane. 2006. Ethnicity and Gender in the Face of a Terrorist Attack: A National Longitudinal Study of Immediate Responses and Outcomes Two Years after September 11. In: Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 28: 291-301. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp2804_2
  40. Conradt, David P. 1980. Changing German Political Culture. In: Almond, Gabriel A./Verba, Sidney (Eds.). The Civic Culture Revisited. Boston, Little, Brown & Co⁠m⁠p⁠a⁠ny: 212-272. Open Google Scholar
  41. Cox, Dan G. 2002. Making Sense of Poll Results: Ambiguity in the Interpretation of Foreign Policy Questions Regarding the United Nations. In: International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 14: 213-221. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/14.2.213
  42. Cronin, Audrey K. 2012. U.S. Grand Strategy and Counterterrorism. In: Orbis, 56: 192-214. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2012.01.004
  43. Dalgaard-Nielsen, Anja. 2006. Germany, Pacifism and Peace Enforcement. Man⁠c⁠h⁠e⁠s⁠t⁠er, Manchester University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719072680.001.0001
  44. Delli Carpini, Michael X./Keeter, Scott. 1996. What Americans Know about Politics and Why It Matters. New Haven, Yale University Press. Open Google Scholar
  45. Deutsch, Karl W./Burrell, Sidney A./Kann, Robert A./Lee, Maurice, Jr./Lichtermann, Martin/Lindgren, Raymond E./Loewenheim, Francis L./van Wagenen, Richard W. 1957. Political Community and the North Atlantic Area: International Organization in the Light of Historical Experience. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Open Google Scholar
  46. Drezner, Daniel W. 2008. The Realist Tradition in American Public Opinion. In: Perspectives on Politics, 6: 51-70. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S1537592708080067
  47. Duffield, John S. 1999. Political Culture and State Behavior: Why Germany Confounds Neorealism. In: International Organization, 53: 765-803. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/002081899551066
  48. Dunn, David H. 2007. ‘Real Men Want to Go to Tehran’: Bush, Pre-Emption and the Iranian Nuclear Challenge. In: International Affairs, 83: 19-38. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2007.00601.x
  49. Easton, David. 1975. A Re-assessment of the Concept of Political Support. In: British Journal of Political Science, 5: 435-457. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0007123400008309
  50. Economides, Spyros. 2007. Kosovo. In: Berdal, Mats/Economides, Spyros (Eds.). United Nations Interventionism 1991-2004. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491221.010
  51. Eichenberg, Richard C. 1989. Public Opinion and National Security in Western Eu¬ro⁠pe. Consensus Lost? London, The MacMillan Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07707-6_2
  52. Eichenberg, Richard C. 2000. NATO and European Security after the Cold War: Will European Citizens Support a Common Security Policy? In: Nacos, Brigitte L./Shapiro, Robert Y./Isernia, Pierangelo (Eds.). Decisionmaking in a Glass House: Mass Media, Public Opinion, and American and European Foreign Policy in the 21st Century. Lanham, Rowman & Littlefield: 155-175. Open Google Scholar
  53. Eichenberg, Richard C. 2003. Having It Both Ways: European Defense Integration and the Commitment to NATO. In: Public Opinion Quarterly, 67: 627-659. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1086/379087
  54. Eichenberg, Richard C. 2005. Victory Has Many Friends: U.S. Public Opinion and the Use of Military Force, 1981-2005. In: International Security, 30: 140-177. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/0162288054894616
  55. Eichenberg, Richard C./Dalton, Russell J. 1993. Europeans and the European Community: The Dynamics of Public Support for European Integration. In: International Organization, 47: 507-534. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300028083
  56. Endres, Fabian/Mader, Matthias/Schoen, Harald. 2015a. On the Relationship between Strategic Cultures and Support for European Defence: A Comment on Irondelle, Mérand and Foucault. In: European Journal of Political Research, 54: 848-859. Open Google Scholar
  57. Endres, Fabian/Schoen, Harald/Rattinger, Hans. 2015b. Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik aus Sicht der Bürger: Theoretische Perspektiven und ein Überblick über den Forschungsstand. In: Biehl, Heiko/Schoen, Harald (Eds.). Sicherheitspolitische Einstellungsforschung. Theorien, Methoden, Befunde. Wiesbaden, Springer VS: 39-65. Open Google Scholar
  58. Erästö, Tytti. 2011. Transatlantic Diplomacy in the Iranian Nuclear Issue: Helping to Build Trust? In: European Security, 20: 405-430. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2011.578392
  59. Evans, Gareth/Sahnoun, Mohamed. 2002. The Responsibility to Protect. In: Foreign Affairs, 81: 99-110. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/20033347
  60. Everts, Philip. 2001. War without Bloodshed? Public Opinion and the Conflict over Kosovo. In: Everts, Philip/Isernia, Pierangelo (Eds.). Public Opinion and the International Use of Force. London, Routledge: 229-259. Open Google Scholar
  61. Everts, Philip/Isernia, Pierangelo. 2015. Public Opinion, Transatlantic Relations and the Use of Force. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1057/9781137315755
  62. Fabbrini, Sergio. 2004. Layers of Anti-Americanism: Americanization, American Unilateralism and Anti-Americanism in a European Perspective. In: European Journal of American Culture, 23: 79-94. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1386/ejac.23.2.79/0
  63. Falter, Jürgen W./Schoen, Harald/Caballero, Claudio. 2000. Dreißig Jahre danach: Zur Validierung des Konzepts ‘Parteiidentifikation’ in der Bundesrepublik. In: Klein, Markus/Jagodzinski, Wolfgang/Mochmann, Ekkehard/Ohr, Dieter (Eds.). 50 Jahre Empirische Wahlforschung in Deutschland. Wiesbaden, Westdeutscher Verlag: 235-271. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-90180-4_11
  64. Feldman, Stanley. 1988. Structure and Consistency in Public Opinion: The Role of Core Beliefs and Values. In: American Journal of Political Science, 32: 416-440. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2111130
  65. Feldman, Stanley/Steenbergen, Marco R. 2001. The Humanitarian Foundation of Public Support for Social Welfare. In: American Journal of Political Science, 45: 658-677. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2669244
  66. Fey, Marco. 2011. Trauma 9/11 und die normative Ordnung der amerikanischen Sicherheitspolitik. In: Jäger, Thomas (Ed.), Die Welt nach 9/11. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag: 32-52. Open Google Scholar
  67. Flynn, Gregory/Rattinger, Hans. 1985. The Public and Atlantic Defense. In: Flynn, Gregory/Rattinger, Hans (Eds.). The Public and Atlantic Defense. Totowa, Rowman & Allanheld: 365-388. Open Google Scholar
  68. Gabel, Matthew J./Palmer, Harvey D. 1995. Understanding Variation in Public Support for European Integration. In: European Journal of Political Research, 27: 3-19. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.1995.tb00627.x
  69. Gabel, Matthew J./Whitten, Guy D. 1997. Economic Conditions, Economic Perceptions, and Public Support for European Integration. In: Political Behavior, 19: 81-96. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1023/A:1024801923824
  70. Gaines, Brian J./Kuklinski, James H./Quirk, Paul J./Peyton, Buddy/Verkuilen, Jay. 2007. Same Facts, Different Interpretations: Partisan Motivation and Opinion on Iraq. In: The Journal of Politics 69: 957-974. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2007.00601.x
  71. Gartner, Sigmund Scott. 2008. The Multiple Effects of Casualties on Public Support for War: An Experimental Approach. In: American Political Science Review, 102: 95-106. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0003055408080027
  72. Gelpi, Christopher/Feaver, Peter D./Reifler, Jason. 2006. Success Matters: Casualty Sensitivity and the War in Iraq. In: International Security, 30: 7-46. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/isec.2005.30.3.7
  73. Gelpi, Christopher/Feaver, Peter D./Reifler, Jason. 2009. Paying the Human Costs of War: American Public Opinion and Casualties in Military Conflicts. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1515/9781400830091
  74. German Marshall Fund of the United States. 2010. Transatlantic Trends Key Findings. http://trends.gmfus.org/files/archived/doc/2010_English_Key.pdf, retrieved 7/14/2014. Open Google Scholar
  75. Gholz, Eugene/Press, Daryl G./Sapolsky, Harvey M. 1997. Come Home, America: The Strategy of Restraint in the Face of Temptation. In: International Security, 21: 5-48. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/isec.21.4.5
  76. Giegerich, Bastian/Wallace, William. 2010. Foreign and Security Policy: Civilian Power Europe and American Leadership. In: Wallace, Helen/Pollack, Mark A./Young, Alasdair R. (Eds.). Policy-Making in the European Union. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 431-457. Open Google Scholar
  77. Gießmann, Hans J./Wagner, Armin. 2009. Auslandseinsätze der Bundeswehr. In: Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte, 48: 3-9. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/9783845214078-385
  78. Gilboa, Eytan. 2005. The CNN Effect: The Search for a Communication Theory of International Relations. In: Political Communication, 22: 27-44. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1080/10584600590908429
  79. Glaser, Charles L. 1993. Why NATO is Still Best: Future Security Arrangements for Europe. In: International Security, 18: 5-50. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2539031
  80. Goren, Paul. 2001. Core Principles and Policy Reasoning in Mass Publics: A Test of Two Theories. In: British Journal of Political Science, 31: 159-177. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0007123401000072
  81. Gray, Colin S. 1981. National Style in Strategy: The American Example. In: International Security, 6: 21-47. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2538645
  82. Hatlapa, Ruth/Markovits, Andrei S. 2010. Obamamania and Anti-Americanism as Complementary Concepts in Contemporary German Discourse. In: German Politics & Society, 28: 69-94. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.3167/gps.2010.280105
  83. Hemmer, Christopher/Katzenstein, Peter J. 2002. Why is There No NATO in Asia? Collective Identity, Regionalism, and the Origins of Multilateralism. In: International Organization, 56: 575-607. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/002081802760199890
  84. Herrmann, Richard K./Isernia, Pierangelo/Segatti, Paolo. 2009. Attachment to the Nation and International Relations: Dimensions of Identity and Their Relationship to War and Peace. In: Political Psychology, 30: 721-754. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2009.00723.x
  85. Herrmann, Richard K./Tetlock, Philip E./Visser, Penny S. 1999. Mass Public Decisions to Go to War: A Cognitive-Interactionist Framework. In: The American Po¬li⁠t¬i¬cal Science Review, 93: 553-573. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2585574
  86. Herrmann, Richard K./Voss, James F./Schooler, Tonya Y. E./Ciarrochi, Joseph. 1997. Images in International Relations: An Experimental Test of Cognitive Schemata. In: International Studies Quarterly, 41: 403-433. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/0020-8833.00050
  87. Hinckley, Ronald H. 1992. People, Polls, and Policymakers: The United States and National Security. New York, Lexington Books. Open Google Scholar
  88. Holsti, Ole R. 1979. The Three-Headed Eagle: The United States and System Change. In: International Studies Quarterly, 23: 339-359. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2600172
  89. Holsti, Ole R. 1992. Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Challenges to the Almond-Lippmann Consensus. In: International Studies Quarterly, 36: 439-466. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2600734
  90. Holsti, Ole R. 2004. Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy: Revised Edition. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.3998/mpub.6750
  91. Holsti, Ole R. 2008. To See Ourselves as Others See Us. How Publics Abroad View the United States after 9/11. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.3998/mpub.148997
  92. Holsti, Ole R. 2011. American Public Opinion on the Iraq War. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press. Open Google Scholar
  93. Holsti, Ole R./Rosenau, James N. 1986. Consensus Lost. Consensus Regained?: Foreign Policy Beliefs of American Leaders, 1976-1980. In: International Studies Quarterly, 30: 375-409. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2600641
  94. Holsti, Ole R./Rosenau, James N. 1996. Liberals, Populists, Libertarians, and Conservatives: The Link between Domestic and International Affairs. In: International Political Science Review, 17: 29-54. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/019251296017001003
  95. Huddy, Leonie/Feldman, Stanley. 2011. Americans Respond Politically to 9/11: Understanding the Impact of the Terrorist Attacks and Their Aftermath. In: American Psychologist, 66: 455-467. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1037/a0024894
  96. Huddy, Leonie/Feldman, Stanley/Weber, Christopher. 2007. The Political Consequences of Perceived Threat and Felt Insecurity. In: The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 614: 131-153. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0002716207305951
  97. Huddy, Leonie/Khatib, Nadia. 2007. American Patriotism, National Identity, and Political Involvement. In: American Journal of Political Science, 51: 63-77. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00237.x
  98. Hurwitz, Jon/Peffley, Mark. 1987. How Are Foreign Policy Attitudes Structured? A Hierarchical Model. In: The American Political Science Review, 81: 1099-1120. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/1962580
  99. Hurwitz, Jon/Peffley, Mark. 1991. American Images of the Soviet Union and National Security Issues. In: Rattinger, Hans/Munton, Don (Eds.). Debating National Security: The Public Dimension. Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang: 101-138. Open Google Scholar
  100. Ikenberry, G. John. 1996. The Myth of Post-Cold War Chaos. In: Foreign Affairs, 75: 79-91. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/20047582
  101. Irondelle, Bastien/Mérand, Frédéric/Foucault, Martial. 2015. Public Support for European Defence: Does Strategic Culture Matter? In: European Journal of Political Research, 54: 363-383. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12090
  102. Isernia, Pierangelo. 2006. Anti-Americanism and European Public Opinion during the Iraq War. In: Fabbrini, Sergio (Ed.), The United States Contested: American Unilateralism and European Discontent. London, Routledge: 130-158. Open Google Scholar
  103. Isernia, Pierangelo. 2007. Anti-Americanism in Europe during the Cold War. In: Katzenstein, Peter J./Keohane, Robert O. (Eds.). Anti-Americanisms in World Politics. Ithaca, Cornell University Press 57-92. Open Google Scholar
  104. Isernia, Pierangelo/Juhász, Zoltán/Rattinger, Hans. 2002. Foreign Policy and the Rational Public in Comparative Perspective. In: The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 46: 201-224. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0022002702046002002
  105. Jacobs, Lawrence R./Page, Benjamin I. 2005. Who Influences U.S. Foreign Policy? In: American Political Science Review, 99: 107-123. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S000305540505152X
  106. Jacobs, Lawrence R./Shapiro, Robert Y. 1999. Lyndon Johnson, Vietnam, and Public Opinion: Rethinking Realist Theory of Leadership. In: Presidential Studies Quar¬t⁠er¬ly, 29: 592-616. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.0268-2141.2003.00051.x
  107. Jedinger, Alexander/Mader, Matthias. 2015. Predispositions, Mission-Specific Beliefs, and Public Support for Military Missions: The Case of the German ISAF Mission in Afghanistan. In: International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 27: 90-110. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edu013
  108. Jentleson, Bruce W. 1992. The Pretty Prudent Public: Post Post-Vietnam American Opinion on the Use of Military Force. In: International Studies Quarterly, 36: 49-73. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2600916
  109. Jentleson, Bruce W./Britton, Rebecca L. 1998. Still Pretty Prudent: Post-Cold War American Public Opinion on the Use of Military Force. In: Journal of Conflict Re⁠s¬o¬lu¬ti⁠on, 42: 395-417. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0022002798042004001
  110. Jervis, Robert. 1976. Perception and Misperception in International Politics. Pri⁠n⁠c⁠e⁠t⁠on, Princeton University Press. Open Google Scholar
  111. Johnston, Alastair I. 1995. Thinking about Strategic Culture. In: International Security, 19: 32-64. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2539119
  112. Juhász, Zoltán. 1996. Außenpolitische Denkbilder: Eine empirische Untersuchung außenpolitischer Einstellungen in der deutschen Bevölkerung nach der Wiedervereinigung. Hamburg, Verlag Dr. Kovač. Open Google Scholar
  113. Juhász, Zoltán. 2001. German Public Opinion and the Use of Force in the Early 1990s. In: Everts, Philip P./Isernia, Pierangelo (Eds.). Public Opinion and the International Use of Force. New York, Routledge: 57-85. Open Google Scholar
  114. Kagan, Robert. 2003. Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order. London, Atlantic Books. Open Google Scholar
  115. Kam, Cindy D./Ramos, Jennifer, M. 2008. Joining and Leaving the Rally: Understanding the Surge and Decline in Presidential Approval Following 9/11. In: Public O⁠p⁠i⁠n¬i⁠on Quarterly, 72: 619-650. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfn055
  116. Katsioulis, Christos. 2004. Deutsche Sicherheitspolitik im Parteiendiskurs. Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen. In: Harnisch, Sebastian/Katsioulis, Christos/Overhaus, Marco (Eds.). Deutsche Sicherheitspolitik. Eine Bilanz der Regierung Schröder. Baden-Baden, Nomos: 227-252. Open Google Scholar
  117. Kegley, Charles W./Wittkopf, Eugene R. 1982. Beyond Consensus: The Domestic Context of American Foreign Policy. In: International Journal, 38: 77-106. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/40202112
  118. Kelley, John R. 2011. Keep Calm and Carry on: Appraising the Transatlantic Relationship from Iraq to Obama. In: European Political Science, 10: 20-26. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1057/eps.2010.70
  119. Keohane, Robert O. 1990. Multilateralism: An Agenda for Research. In: International Journal, 45: 731-764. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/40202705
  120. Kertzer, Joshua D./McGraw, Kathleen M. 2012. Folk Realism: Testing the Microfoundations of Realism in Ordinary Citizens. In: International Studies Quarterly, 56: 245-258. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00715.x
  121. Kertzer, Joshua D./Powers, Kathleen E./Rathbun, Brian C./Iyer, Ravi. 2014. Moral Support: How Moral Values Shape Foreign Policy Attitudes. In: The Journal of Po⁠l¬i¬tics, 76: 825-840. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0022381614000073
  122. Kitchen, Chris/Vickers, Rhiannon. 2013. Labour Traditions of International Order and the Dilemma of Action Towards Iran. In: The British Journal of Politics & International Relations, 15: 299-316. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2012.00529.x
  123. Klarevas, Louis J. 2000. Trends: The United States Peace Operation in Somalia. In: Public Opinion Quarterly, 64: 523-540. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1086/318643
  124. Klein, Markus/Falter, Jürgen W. 2003. Der lange Weg der Grünen: eine Partei zwischen Protest und Regierung. München, Beck. Open Google Scholar
  125. Kluckhohn, Clyde 1951. Values and Value-Orientations in the Theory of Action. In: Parsons, Talcott/Shils, Edward A. (Eds.). Toward a General Theory of Action. Cambridge, Harvard University Press: 388-433. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674863507.c8
  126. Knelangen, Wilhelm. 2011. Die deutsche Politik zur Bekämpfung des Terrorismus. In: Jäger, Thomas/Höse, Alexander/Oppermann, Kai (Eds.). Deutsche Außenpolitik. VS Verlag: 198-223. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-93024-4_8
  127. Krauthammer, Charles. 2001. The New Unilateralism. In: Washington Post, June 8: A29. Open Google Scholar
  128. Krell, Gert. 2003. Arroganz der Macht, Arroganz der Ohnmacht: Der Irak, die Weltordnungspolitik der USA und die transatlantischen Beziehungen. Frankfurt am Main, Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung. Open Google Scholar
  129. Kull, Steven/Ramsay, Clay/Lewis, Evan. 2003. Misperceptions, the Media, and the Iraq War. In: Political Science Quarterly, 118: 569-598. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-165X.2003.tb00406.x
  130. Kupchan, Charles A./Trubowitz, Peter L. 2007. Dead Center: The Demise of Liberal Internationalism in the United States. In: International Security, 32: 7-44. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/isec.2007.32.2.7
  131. LaBalme, Natalie. 2001. The French and the Use of Force: Public Perceptions and Their Impact on the Policymaking Process. In: Nacos, Brigitte L./Shapiro, Robert Y./Isernia, Pierangelo (Eds.). Decisionmaking in a Glass House. Mass Media, Pu⁠b¬lic Opinion, and American and European Foreign Policy in the 21st Century. Lan⁠h⁠am, Rowman & Littlefield: 186-204. Open Google Scholar
  132. Larson, Eric V./Savych, Bogdan. 2005. American Public Support for U.S. Military Operations from Mogadishu to Baghdad. Santa Monica, RAND. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7249/MG231
  133. Lau, Richard R./Heldman, Caroline. 2009. Self-Interest, Symbolic Attitudes, and Support for Public Policy: A Multilevel Analysis. In: Political Psychology, 30: 513-537. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2009.00713.x
  134. Levy, Daniel/Pensky, Max/Torpey, John (Eds.). 2005. Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe. Transatlantic Relations After the Iraq War. London, Verso. Open Google Scholar
  135. Lewis, Ioan/Mayall, James. 2007. Somalia. In: Berdal, Mats/Economides, Spyros (Eds.). United Nations Interventionism 1991-2004. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491221.006
  136. Liberman, Peter. 2006. An Eye for an Eye: Public Support for War Against Evildoers. In: International Organization, 60: 687-722. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S002081830606022X
  137. Lippmann, Walter. 1955. Essays in the Public Philosophy. Boston, Little, Brown and Company. Open Google Scholar
  138. Lodge, Milton/Taber, Charles S. 2000. Three Steps Toward a Theory of Motivated Political Reasoning. In: Lupia, Arthur/McCubbins, Mathew D./Popkin, Samuel L. (Eds.). Elements of Reason: Cognition, Choice, and the Bounds of Rationality. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 183-213. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511805813.009
  139. Lodge, Milton/Taber, Charles S. 2005. The Automaticity of Affect for Political Leaders, Groups, and Issues: An Experimental Test of the Hot Cognition Hypothesis. In: Political Psychology, 26: 455-482. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2005.00426.x
  140. Lodge, Milton/Taber, Charles S. 2013. The Rationalizing Voter. New York, Cambridge University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139032490
  141. Longhurst, Kerry. 2004. Germany and the Use of Force: The Evolution of German Security Policy 1990-2003. Manchester, Manchester Univ Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719067082.001.0001
  142. Mader, Matthias. 2015a. Citizens’ Perceptions of Policy Objectives and Support for Military Action: Looking for Prudence in Germany. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution: Early View (doi: 10.1177/0022002715603099). Open Google Scholar
  143. Mader, Matthias. 2015b. Grundhaltungen zur Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik in Deutschland. In: Biehl, Heiko/Schoen, Harald (Eds.). Sicherheitspolitik und Streitkräfte im Urteil der Bürger. Wiesbaden, Springer VS: 69-96. Open Google Scholar
  144. Mader, Matthias/Pötzschke, Jana. 2014. National Identities and Mass Belief Systems on Foreign and Security Policy in Germany. In: German Politics, 23: 1-19. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2014.898269
  145. Mader, Matthias/Schoen, Harald. 2013. Alles eine Frage des Blickwinkels? Framing-Effekte und Bevölkerungsurteile über einen möglichen Bundeswehreinsatz in Libyen. In: Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen, 20: 5-34. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.5771/0946-7165-2013-1-5
  146. Malici, Akan. 2006. Germans as Venutians: The Culture of German Foreign Policy Behavior. In: Foreign Policy Analysis, 1: 37-62. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2005.00019.x
  147. Mandelbaum, Michael. 1996. Foreign Policy as Social Work. In: Foreign Affairs, 75: 16-32. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/20047465
  148. Mastanduno, Michael. 1997. Preserving the Unipolar Moment: Realist Theories and U.S. Grand Strategy after the Cold War. In: International Security, 21: 49-88. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1162/isec.21.4.49
  149. Maull, Hanns W. 2005. Germany’s Uncertain Power: Foreign Policy of the Berlin Republic. Basingstoke, Palgrave. Open Google Scholar
  150. Maull, Hanns W. 2007. Deutschland als Zivilmacht. In: Schmidt, Siegmar/Hellmann, Gunther/Wolf, Reinhard (Eds.). Handbuch zur deutschen Außenpolitik. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag: 73-84. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90250-0_4
  151. McCartney, Paul T. 2004. American Nationalism and U.S. Foreign Policy from September 11 to the Iraq War. In: Political Science Quarterly, 119: 399-423. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/20202389
  152. Mearsheimer, John J. 1990. Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War. In: International Security, 15: 5-56. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2538981
  153. Meiers, Franz-Josef. 2010. Von der Scheckbuchdiplomatie zur Verteidigung am Hindukusch: Die Rolle der Bundeswehr bei multinationalen Auslandseinsätzen 1990-2009. In: Zeitschrift für Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik, 3: 201-222. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/s12399-010-0126-y
  154. Merolla, Jennifer L./Zechmeister, Elizabeth J. 2009. Democracy at Risk. How Terro⁠r¬ist Threats Affect the Public. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226520568.001.0001
  155. Mood, Carina. 2010. Logistic Regression: Why We Cannot Do What We Think We Can Do, and What We Can Do About It. In: European Sociological Review, 26: 67-82. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcp006
  156. Mueller, John E. 1973. War, Presidents and Public Opinion. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Open Google Scholar
  157. Mueller, John E. 1996. Policy Principles for Unthreatened Wealth-Seekers. In: Foreign Policy, 102: 22-33. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/1149257
  158. Münkler, Herfried. 2004. Die neuen Kriege. Reinbek bei Hamburg, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag. Open Google Scholar
  159. Nau, Henry R. 2008. Iraq and Previous Transatlantic Crises: Divided by Threat, not Institutions or Values. In: Anderson, Jeffrey/Ikenberry, G. John/Risse, Thomas (Eds.). The End of the West? Crisis and Change in the Atlantic Order. Ithaca, Co⁠r⁠n⁠ell University Press: 82-110. Open Google Scholar
  160. Neumann, Peter R. 2008. Terrorism in the 21st Century: The Rule of Law as a Guideline for German Policy. Berlin, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Open Google Scholar
  161. Niedermayer, Oskar/Westle, Bettina. 1995. A Typology of Orientations. In: Nie⁠d⁠er⁠ma⁠yer, Oskar/Sinnot, Richard (Eds.). Public Opinion and International Governance. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 33-50. Open Google Scholar
  162. Norpoth, Helmut/Sidman, Andrew H. 2007. Mission Accomplished: The Wartime Election of 2004. In: Political Behavior, 29: 175-195. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/s11109-007-9036-7
  163. Norris, Pippa. 1999. Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Open Google Scholar
  164. Nye, Joseph S. 2000. The US and Europe: Continental Drift? In: International Affairs, 76: 51-59. Open Google Scholar
  165. Oppermann, Kai. 2011. The Public Images of Britain, Germany, and France in the United States. In: Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 9: 305-325. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1080/14794012.2011.622932
  166. Overhaus, Marco/Schieder, Siegfried. 2002. Die außenpolitischen Positionen der Parteien im Bundestagswahlkampf 2002. In: PIN - Politik im Netz, 3: 1-17. Open Google Scholar
  167. Page, Benjamin I./Bouton, Marshall M. 2006. The Foreign Policy Disconnect: What Americans Want from Our Leaders but Don’t Get. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226644592.001.0001
  168. Page, Benjamin I./Shapiro, Robert Y. 1992. The Rational Public: Fifty Years of Trends in Americans’ Policy Preferences. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226644806.001.0001
  169. Peffley, Mark A./Hurwitz, Jon. 1985. A Hierarchical Model of Attitude Constraint. In: American Journal of Political Science, 29: 871-890. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2111185
  170. Peffley, Mark A./Hurwitz, Jon. 1992. International Events and Foreign Policy Beliefs: Public Response to Changing Soviet-U.S. Relations. In: American Journal of Political Science, 36: 431-461. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2111485
  171. Peffley, Mark A./Hurwitz, Jon. 1993. Models of Attitude Constraint in Foreign Affairs. In: Political Behavior, 15: 61-90. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/BF00993417
  172. Philippi, Nina. 1997. Bundeswehr-Auslandseinsätze als außen- und sicherheitspolitisches Problem des geeinten Deutschland. Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang. Open Google Scholar
  173. Pötzschke, Jana/Rattinger, Hans/Schoen, Harald. 2012. Persönlichkeit, Wertorientierungen und Einstellungen zu Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik in den Vereinigten Staaten. In: Politische Psychologie, 2012: 4-29. Open Google Scholar
  174. Pötzschke, Jana/Rattinger, Hans/Schoen, Harald. 2015. Mehr als ein Thema für Spezialisten? Der Afghanistaneinsatz der Bundeswehr und das Wahlverhalten bei der Bundestagswahl 2009. In: Biehl, Heiko/Schoen, Harald (Eds.). Sicherheitspolitik und Streitkräfte im Urteil der Bürger. Wiesbaden, Springer VS: 123-146. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-08608-4_5
  175. Poulson, Stephen C. 2009. Nested Institutions, Political Opportunity, and the Decline of the Iranian Reform Movement Post 9/11. In: American Behavioral Scientist, 53: 27-43. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0002764209338804
  176. Powlick, Philip J./Katz, Andrew Z. 1998. Defining the American Public Opinion/Foreign Policy Nexus. In: Mershon International Studies Review, 42: 29-61. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/254443
  177. Pye, Lucian W. 1968. Political Culture. In: Sills, David L. (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. New York, The Free Press: 218-225. Open Google Scholar
  178. Rathbun, Brian C. 2007. Hierarchy and Community at Home and Abroad: Evidence of a Common Structure of Domestic and Foreign Policy Beliefs in American Elites. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution, 51: 379-407. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0022002707300842
  179. Rathbun, Brian C. 2011. The ‘Magnificent Fraud’: Trust, International Cooperation, and the Hidden Domestic Politics of American Multilateralism after World War II. In: International Studies Quarterly, 55: 1-21. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2010.00633.x
  180. Rattinger, Hans. 1985a. Auswirkungen der öffentlichen Meinung auf den sicherheitspolitischen Handlungsspielraum der Bundesrepublik. In: Matz, Ulrich (Ed.), Aktuelle Herausforderungen der repräsentativen Demokratie. Köln, Carl Heymanns: 131-148. Open Google Scholar
  181. Rattinger, Hans. 1985b. The Federal Republic of Germany: Much Ado About (Almost) Nothing. In: Flynn, Gregory/Rattinger, Hans (Eds.). The Public and Atlantic De¬fe⁠n⁠se. Totowa, Rowman & Allanheld: 101-173. Open Google Scholar
  182. Rattinger, Hans. 1987. Change Versus Continuity in West German Public Attitudes on National Security and Nuclear Weapons in the Early 1980s. In: Public Opinion Quarterly, 51: 495-521. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1086/269054
  183. Rattinger, Hans. 1990a. The Bundeswehr and Public Opinion. In: Szabo, Stephen F. (Ed.), The Bundeswehr and Western Security. Houndmills, The Macmillan Press: 93-122. Open Google Scholar
  184. Rattinger, Hans. 1990b. Domestic and Foreign Policy Issues in the 1988 Presidential Election. In: European Journal of Political Research, 18: 623-643. Open Google Scholar
  185. Rattinger, Hans. 1990c. Einstellungen zur Sicherheitspolitik in der Bundesrepublik und in den Vereinigten Staaten: Ein Vergleich von Befunden und Strukturen in den späten achtziger Jahren. In: Kaase, Max/Klingemann, Hans-Dieter (Eds.). Wahlen und Wähler. Analysen aus Anlaß der Bundestagswahl 1987. Opladen, Westdeutscher Verlag: 377-418. Open Google Scholar
  186. Rattinger, Hans. 1991a. The Development and Structure of West German Public Opinion on Security Issues Since the Late 1970s. In: Rattinger, Hans/Munton, Don (Eds.). Debating National Security: The Public Dimension. Frankfurt am Main, Pe⁠t⁠er Lang: 301-341. Open Google Scholar
  187. Rattinger, Hans. 1991b. The INF-Agreement and Public Opinion in West Germany. In: DeWitt, David/Rattinger, Hans (Eds.). East-West Arms Control: Challenges to the Western Alliance. London, Routledge: 165-190. Open Google Scholar
  188. Rattinger, Hans. 1996. Einstellungen zur europäischen Integration in der Bundesrepublik: Ein Kausalmodell. In: Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen, 3: 45-78. Open Google Scholar
  189. Rattinger, Hans. 2007. Öffentliche Meinung. In: Schmidt, Siegmar/Hellmann, Gun⁠t⁠h⁠er/Wolf, Reinhard (Eds.). Handbuch zur deutschen Außenpolitik. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag: 313-325. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90250-0_24
  190. Rattinger, Hans/Heinlein, Petra. 1986. Sicherheitspolitik in der öffentlichen Meinung. Umfrageergebnisse für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland bis zum „heißen Herbst 1983“. Berlin, Wissenschaftlicher Autoren-Verlag. Open Google Scholar
  191. Rattinger, Hans/Holst, Christian. 1998. Strukturen und Determinanten außen- und sicherheitspolitischer Einstellungen in der Bundesrepublik. Bamberg, Universität Bamberg. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/BF03038572
  192. Ray, Leonard. 2003. When Parties Matter: The Conditional Influence of Party Po¬s⁠i¬ti⁠ons on Voter Opinions about European Integration. In: The Journal of Politics, 65: 978-994. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/1468-2508.t01-1-00121
  193. Regan, Dennis T./Fazio, Russell. 1977. On the Consistency between Attitudes and Behavior: Look to the Method of Attitude Formation. In: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13: 28-45. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(77)90011-7
  194. Reifler, Jason/Scotto, Thomas J./Clarke, Harold D. 2011. Foreign Policy Beliefs in Contemporary Britain: Structure and Relevance. In: International Studies Quarterly, 55: 245-266. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2010.00643.x
  195. Risse-Kappen, Thomas. 1996. Collective Identity in a Democratic Community: The Case of NATO. In: Katzenstein, Peter J. (Ed.), The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics. New York, Columbia University Press: 357-399. Open Google Scholar
  196. Risse, Thomas. 2012. Identity Matters: Exploring the Ambivalence of EU Foreign Policy. In: Global Policy, 3: 87-95. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12019
  197. Rokeach, Milton. 1973. The Nature of Human Values. New York, Free Press. Open Google Scholar
  198. Rosenau, James N. 1961. Public Opinion and Foreign Policy. New York, Random House. Open Google Scholar
  199. Rosenau, James N. (Ed.). 1969. Linkage Politics: Essays on the Convergence of Na¬ti⁠o⁠n¬al and International Systems. New York, The Free Press. Open Google Scholar
  200. Ruggie, John G. 1993. Multilateralism: The Anatomy of an Institution. In: Ruggie, John G. (Ed.), Multilateralism Matters. The Theory and Praxis of an Institutional Form. New York, Columbia University Press: 3-47. Open Google Scholar
  201. Schafer, Mark. 1997. Images and Policy Preferences. In: Political Psychology, 18: 813-829. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00080
  202. Scheufele, Dietram A./Tewksbury, David. 2007. Framing, Agenda Setting, and Priming: The Evolution of Three Media Effects Models. In: Journal of Communication, 57: 9-20. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00326.x
  203. Schoen, Harald. 2004a. Der Kanzler, zwei Sommerthemen und ein Foto-Finish: Priming-Effekte bei der Bundestagswahl 2002. In: Brettschneider, Frank/van Deth, Jan W./Roller, Edeltraud (Eds.). Die Bundestagswahl 2002. Analysen der Wahlergebnisse und des Wahlkampfes. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag: 23-50. Open Google Scholar
  204. Schoen, Harald. 2004b. Winning by Priming? Campaign Strategies, Changing Determinants of Voting Intention, and the Outcome of the 2002 German Federal Election. In: German Politics and Society 22: 65-82. Open Google Scholar
  205. Schoen, Harald. 2007. Personality Traits and Foreign Policy Attitudes in German Public Opinion. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution, 51: 408-430. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0022002707300180
  206. Schoen, Harald. 2010. Ein Bericht von der Heimatfront: Bürger, Politiker und der Afghanistaneinsatz der Bundeswehr. In: Politische Vierteljahresschrift, 51: 395-408. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/s11615-010-0026-8
  207. Schoen, Harald. 2011. Two Indicators, One Conclusion: On the Public Salience of Foreign Affairs in Germany Before and After Reunification. In: Oppermann, Kai/Viehrig, Henrike (Eds.). Issue Salience in International Politics. London, Ro⁠u⁠t⁠le⁠d⁠ge: 23-38. Open Google Scholar
  208. Schreer, Benjamin. 2012. The Evolution of NATO’s Strategy in Afghanistan. In: Ed⁠s⁠t⁠r⁠öm, Hakan/Gyllensporre, Dennis (Eds.). Pursuing Strategy: NATO Operations from the Gulf to Gaddafi. Basingstoke, Palgrave: 139-156. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1057/9780230364196_7
  209. Schröer, Arne. 2014. Lessons Learned? German Security Policy and the War in Afghanistan. In: German Politics, 23: 1-25. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2014.916691
  210. Schuster, Ulrich. 2012. Von „uneingeschränkter Solidarität“ zur Partnerschaft auf „gleicher Augenhöhe“: Die Wahrnehmung der transatlantischen Beziehungen in der sicherheitspolitischen Debatte der deutschen Parteien seit 2001. In: Jäger, Thomas (Ed.). Die Welt nach 9/11. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag: 232-260. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-94173-8_12
  211. Schwartz, Shalom H. 1992. Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries. In: Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25: 1-65. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60281-6
  212. Sears, David O./Funk, Carolyn L. 1991. The Role of Self-Interest in Social and Political Attitudes. In: Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 24: 1-91. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60327-5
  213. Sears, David O./Hensler, Carl P./Speer, Leslie K. 1979. Whites’ Opposition to “Busing”: Self-Interest or Symbolic Politics? In: The American Political Science Review, 73: 369-384. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/1954885
  214. Sears, David O./Lau, Richard R./Tyler, Tom R./Allen, Harris M., Jr. 1980. Self-Interest vs. Symbolic Politics in Policy Attitudes and Presidential Voting. In: The American Political Science Review, 74: 670-684. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/1958149
  215. Shapiro, Robert Y./Page, Benjamin I. 1988. Foreign Policy and the Rational Public. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution, 32: 211-247. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1177/0022002788032002001
  216. Sniderman, Paul M./Bullock, John. 2004. A Consistency Theory of Public Opinion and Political Choice: The Hypothesis of Menu Dependence. In: Saris, Willem E./Sniderman, Paul M. (Eds.). Studies in Public Opinion. Attitudes, Nonattitudes, Measurement Error, and Change. Princeton, Princeton University Press: 337-357. Open Google Scholar
  217. Snyder, Jack L. 1977. The Soviet Strategic Culture: Implications for Limited Nuclear Operations. Santa Monica, RAND. Open Google Scholar
  218. Sobel, Richard. 2001. The Impact of Public Opinion on U.S. Foreign Policy since Vietnam: Constraining the Colossus. New York, Oxford University Press. Open Google Scholar
  219. Steenbergen, Marco R./Brewer, Paul R. 2004. The Not-So-Ambivalent Public: Policy Attitudes in the Political Culture of Ambivalence. In: Saris, Willem E./Sniderman, Paul M. (Eds.). Studies in Public Opinion: Attitudes, Nonattitudes, Measurement Error, and Change. Princeton, Princeton University Press: 93-129. Open Google Scholar
  220. Steenbergen, Marco R./Lodge, Milton. 2006. Process Matters: Cognitive Models of Candidate Evaluation. In: MacKuen, Michael B./Rabinowitz, George (Eds.). Electoral Democracy. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press: 125-171. Open Google Scholar
  221. Szabo, Stephen F. 1983a. Generationswechsel in Europa: Auswirkungen auf das westliche Bündnis. In: Europa-Archiv, 38: 37-44. Open Google Scholar
  222. Szabo, Stephen F. 1983b. West Germany: Generations and Changing Security Perspectives. In: Szabo, Stephen F. (Ed.), The Successor Generation: International Perspectives of Postwar Europeans. London, Butterworths: 43-75. Open Google Scholar
  223. Szabo, Stephen F. 2004. Parting Ways: The Crisis in German-American Relations. Washington D.C., The Brookings Institution. Open Google Scholar
  224. Taber, Charles S. 2003. Information Processing and Public Opinion. In: Sears, David O./Huddy, Leonie/Jervis, Robert (Eds.). Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 433-476. Open Google Scholar
  225. Taber, Charles S./Cann, Damon/Kucsova, Simona. 2008. The Motivated Processing of Political Arguments. In: Political Behavior, 31: 137-155. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/s11109-008-9075-8
  226. Taber, Charles S./Lodge, Milton. 2006. Motivated Skepticism in the Evaluation of Political Beliefs. In: American Journal of Political Science, 50: 755-769. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00214.x
  227. Tajfel, Henri/Turner, John C. 1979. An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. In: Austin, William C./Stephen, Worchel (Eds.). The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Monterey, Brooks/Cole: 33-47. Open Google Scholar
  228. Tocci, Nathalie/Alcaro, Riccardo. 2014. Rethinking Transatlantic Relations in a Multipolar Era. In: International Politics, 51: 366-389. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1057/ip.2014.10
  229. Turner, John C./Hogg, Michael A./Oakes, Penelope J./Reicher, Stephen D./Wetherell, Margaret S. 1987. Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory. Oxford, Basil Blackwell. Open Google Scholar
  230. Varwick, Johannes. 2007. Nordatlantische Allianz. In: Schmidt, Siegmar/Hellmann, Gunther/Wolf, Reinhard (Eds.). Handbuch zur deutschen Außenpolitik. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag: 763-778. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90250-0_59
  231. von Bredow, Wilfried. 2011. Germany in Afghanistan: The Pitfalls of Peace-Building in National and International Perspective. In: Res Militaris, 2: 1-13. Open Google Scholar
  232. Wagner, Corina/Pötzschke, Jana/Rattinger, Hans. 2015. Eine Bedrohung für die Partnerschaft? Bedrohungswahrnehmungen und Länderimages im deutsch-amerikanischen Verhältnis. In: Biehl, Heiko/Schoen, Harald (Eds.). Sicherheitspolitik und Streitkräfte im Urteil der Bürger. Wiesbaden, Springer VS: 263-291. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-08608-4_10
  233. Walt, Stephen M. 1998. The Ties That Fray: Why Europe and America are Drifting Apart. In: The National Interest: 3-11. Open Google Scholar
  234. Waltz, Kenneth N. 1979. Theory of International Politics. Reading, Addison-Wesley. Open Google Scholar
  235. Waltz, Kenneth N. 1993. The Emerging Structure of International Politics. In: International Security, 18: 44-79. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2539097
  236. Weber, Steve. 1992. Shaping the Postwar Balance of Power: Multilateralism in NA⁠TO. In: International Organization, 46: 633-680. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300027855
  237. Wendt, Alexander. 1992. Anarchy Is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics. In: International Organization, 46: 391-425. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300027764
  238. Wittkopf, Eugene R. 1986. On the Foreign Policy Beliefs of the American People: A Critique and Some Evidence. In: International Studies Quarterly, 30: 425-445. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2600643
  239. Wittkopf, Eugene R. 1990. Faces of Internationalism: Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy. Durham, Duke University Press. Open Google Scholar
  240. Wittkopf, Eugene R. 1991. Public Attitudes Toward American Foreign and National Security Policy Since Vietnam. In: Rattinger, Hans/Munton, Don (Eds.). Debating National Security: The Public Dimension. Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang: 171-202. Open Google Scholar
  241. Wlezien, Christopher. 1995. The Public as Thermostat: Dynamics of Preferences for Spending. In: American Journal of Political Science, 39: 981-1000. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.2307/2111666
  242. Zaller, John R. 1992. The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion. Cambridge, Cam⁠b⁠r⁠i⁠d⁠ge University Press. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511818691.003
  243. Zaller, John R. 1994. Elite Leadership of Mass Opinion: New Evidence from the Gulf War. In: Bennett, Lance W./Paletz, David L. (Eds.). Taken by Storm: The Media, Public Opinion, and U.S. Foreign Policy in Gulf War. Chicago, The University Press of Chicago: 186-209. Open Google Scholar
  244. Zaretsky, Eli. 2002. Trauma and Dereification: September 11 and the Problem of Ontological Security. In: Constellations, 9: 98-105. Open Google Scholar doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.00268

Similar publications

from the series "Studien zur Wahl- und Einstellungsforschung"
Cover of book: Informationsflüsse, Wahlen und Demokratie
Edited Book No access
Thorsten Faas, Sascha Huber, Mona Krewel, Sigrid Roßteutscher
Informationsflüsse, Wahlen und Demokratie
Cover of book: Politicians' Expressions of Anger and Leadership Evaluations
Book Titles No access
Lena Masch
Politicians' Expressions of Anger and Leadership Evaluations
Cover of book: Modernisierung deutscher Wahlkämpfe?
Book Titles No access
Mona Krewel
Modernisierung deutscher Wahlkämpfe?
Cover of book: Election Campaigns and Voter Decision-Making in a Multi-Party System
Book Titles No access
Harald Schoen, Hans Rattinger, Maria Preißinger, Konstantin Gavras, Markus Steinbrecher
Election Campaigns and Voter Decision-Making in a Multi-Party System
Cover of book: Wie sich Wähler beim Entscheiden unterscheiden
Book Titles No access
Jan Eric Blumenstiel
Wie sich Wähler beim Entscheiden unterscheiden

Notice

This work is protected by copyright and may only be used in accordance with the provisions of the Terms of Use and License Agreement. Any use of the work beyond this is expressly prohibited and will be prosecuted.

Give feedback

We welcome your feedback on content and features. Your message helps us to continuously improve our service.

Rating
Attach images
or drag and drop
PNG or JPG (max. 3 MB)

Login

Forgotten your password?
Login via Open Athens
Don't have an account yet?
Register now

Cite publication

Download: RIS BibTex