A Comparative Analysis of the Transformation of State/Social Property: Privatization and Restitution in the Post-Communist Countries - Kosovo as a sui gen…

Haxhi Gashi

doi:10.5771/9783845249650

, to see if you have full access to this publication.

Monograph No access

A Comparative Analysis of the Transformation of State/Social Property

Privatization and Restitution in the Post-Communist Countries - Kosovo as a sui generis Case of Privatization

Authors:
Series:: Schriftenreihe des Zentrums für Europäische Rechtspolitik der Universität Bremen (ZERP), Volume 66
Publisher:: 2013

Summary

Die Studie bietet eine vergleichende Analyse von Privatisierung in mehreren postkommunistischen Ländern. Sie zeigt, wie der Interessenkonflikt zwischen Eigentumsrechten und staatlicher wirtschaftlicher Weiterentwicklung ausbalanciert werden kann. Der Autor zeigt, welche Privatisierungsmodelle in den untersuchten Ländern angewandt werden und warum kein einheitliches Modell existiert.

Search publication

Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2013
Copyright Year: 2013
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-0726-3
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-4965-0
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Schriftenreihe des Zentrums für Europäische Rechtspolitik der Universität Bremen (ZERP)
Volume: 66
Language: English
Pages: 243
Product Type: Monograph

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 2 - 6
Authors:
Editorial No access Pages 7 - 8
Authors:
Acknowledgements No access Pages 9 - 10
Authors:
Contents No access Pages 11 - 18
Authors:
Abbreviations No access Pages 19 - 20
Authors:
Introduction No access Pages 21 - 30
Authors:
1. General Overview No access Pages 31 - 31
  Authors:
2. 1. Arguments for Privatization No access Pages 31 - 37
    Authors:
  2. Arguments against Privatization No access Pages 37 - 38
    Authors:
  3. A Brief Summary of Arguments in favour of and against Privatization No access Pages 38 - 38
    Authors:
3. The Concept of Privatization No access Pages 38 - 41
  Authors:
4. Aims and Objectives of Privatization in Post-Communist Transformation No access Pages 41 - 42
  Authors:
5. 1. Political and Economic Stability No access Pages 42 - 44
    Authors:
  2. Legislative Changes: The Open Door to a Free Market and its Harmonization with International Standards Ensuring Competition No access Pages 44 - 46
    Authors:
  3. Establishment of a Free Market, Creation of Competition and Ensuring the Transparency of the Privatization Process No access Pages 46 - 48
    Authors:
6. 1. The Conflicts of Interests Need to be Resolved No access Pages 48 - 49
    Authors:
  2. Dilemmas About Restitution No access Pages 49 - 51
    Authors:
  3. The Dilemma of the Employee Ownership in Privatization No access Pages 51 - 51
    Authors:
  4. The Conflicts Between Rapid and Gradual Reforms No access Pages 51 - 53
    Authors:
7. Authors:
  1. Privatization Methods without Restitution: The Economic, Social and Justice Impact on the Privatization Approaches No access
    Authors:
8. 1. Lack of a Unique Method of Transformation of Property No access Pages 55 - 57
    Authors:
  2. Why Different Methods of Privatization are Used? No access Pages 57 - 59
    Authors:
9. 1. The Concept of Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access Pages 59 - 61
    Authors:
  2. The Concept of Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): The Involvement of Citizens in the Privatization Process No access Pages 61 - 61
    Authors:
  3. The Concept of Sale of the Assets to Outsiders – Domestic or Foreign Investors No access Pages 61 - 62
    Authors:
10. 1. Background No access Pages 62 - 64
    Authors:
  2. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access Pages 64 - 65
    Authors:
  3. Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): The Involvement of the Citizens in the Privatization Process No access Pages 65 - 65
    Authors:
  4. Sale of Asset to Outsiders – Domestic or Foreign Investors No access Pages 65 - 66
    Authors:
11. 1. Background No access Pages 66 - 67
    Authors:
  2. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access Pages 67 - 68
    Authors:
  3. Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): The Involvement of the Citizens in the Privatization Process No access Pages 68 - 69
    Authors:
  4. Sale of Assets to Outsiders – Domestic and/or Foreign Investors No access Pages 69 - 70
    Authors:
12. 1. Background No access Pages 70 - 71
    Authors:
  2. Sale of Assets to Outsiders – Domestic or Foreign Investors No access Pages 71 - 73
    Authors:
  3. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access Pages 73 - 74
    Authors:
13. 1. Background No access Pages 74 - 76
    Authors:
  2. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access Pages 76 - 76
    Authors:
  3. Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): 'The Involvement of the Citizens in the Privatization Process No access Pages 76 - 77
    Authors:
  4. Sale of Assets to Outsiders – Domestic and/or Foreign Investors No access Pages 77 - 77
    Authors:
14. 1. General Overview No access Pages 77 - 78
    Authors:
  2. Authors:
    1. Background No access
      Authors:
    2. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access
      Authors:
    3. Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): The Involvement of the Citizens in the Privatization Process No access
      Authors:
    4. Sale of Assets to Outsiders – Domestic and/or Foreign Investors No access
      Authors:
  3. Authors:
    1. Background No access
      Authors:
    2. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access
      Authors:
    3. Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): The Involvement of the Citizens in the Privatization Process No access
      Authors:
    4. Sales of Assets to Outsiders – Domestic and/or Foreign Investors No access
      Authors:
  4. Authors:
    1. Background No access
      Authors:
    2. Insider Privatization – MEBO: Employee Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property No access
      Authors:
    3. Mass-Privatization (Voucher Privatization): The Involvement of the Citizens in the Pivatization Pocess No access
      Authors:
    4. Sale of Assets to Outsiders – Domestic and/or Foreign Investors No access
      Authors:
15. Authors:
  1. Transformation of Property through Restitution as a Solution for the Protection of Property Rights of Former Owners: The Experience of Several Post-Communist Countries No access
    Authors:
16. Relations between Privatization and Restitution (Denationalization) No access Pages 93 - 96
  Authors:
17. 1. Overview No access Pages 96 - 97
    Authors:
  2. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. The Forms of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    3. The Extension of Restitution and Eligible Persons for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    4. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    5. Summary No access
      Authors:
  3. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Forms of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    3. The Extension of Restitution and Eligible Persons for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    4. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    5. Summary No access
      Authors:
  4. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Forms of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    3. The Extension of Restitution and Eligible Persons for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    4. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    5. Summary No access
      Authors:
  5. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Possible Forms for Restitution and Restitution Debates No access
      Authors:
    3. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    4. Summary No access
      Authors:
18. 1. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Forms of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    3. The Extension of Restitution and Eligible Persons for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    4. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    5. Summary No access
      Authors:
  2. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Forms of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    3. The Extension of Restitution and Eligible Persons for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    4. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    5. Summary No access
      Authors:
  3. Authors:
    1. Legal Basis for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Forms of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    3. The Extension of Restitution and Eligible Persons for Restitution No access
      Authors:
    4. Restitution for Religious Organizations No access
      Authors:
    5. Summary No access
      Authors:
19. Authors:
  1. The Influence of International Instruments for the Protection of Private Ownership in the Process of Transformation of Property: Its Effects in Cases of Restitution No access
    Authors:
20. Overview No access Pages 119 - 121
  Authors:
21. 1. Ratione Temporis No access Pages 121 - 124
    Authors:
  2. Ratione Materiae No access Pages 124 - 127
    Authors:
  3. Equal Treatment No access Pages 127 - 128
    Authors:
  4. Duty to Restitute No access Pages 128 - 129
    Authors:
22. The Impact of UN Acts and the Practice of the UN Human Rights Committee Related to the Restitution Issue No access Pages 129 - 133
  Authors:
23. 1. The Similarities Regarding the Extension of the Conventions Effect in Time No access Pages 133 - 133
    Authors:
  2. The Differences on the Basis of Various Implementations of the Rules of the Relevant Conventions to Equal Protection before the Law to all Persons No access
    Authors:
  3. Similarities Regarding Amount of Compensation for Restitution No access Pages 135 - 135
    Authors:
24. Conclusions No access Pages 135 - 138
  Authors:
1. Background No access Pages 139 - 140
  Authors:
2. 1. Establishment of Socialist Ownership and Agrarian Reforms No access Pages 140 - 144
    Authors:
  2. Nationalization of Private Commercial Enterprises No access Pages 144 - 144
    Authors:
  3. Nationalization of Forests and Pastures as well as Ownership Limitation in Lands No access Pages 144 - 145
    Authors:
  4. Establishment of Cooperatives and Cooperative Relations No access Pages 145 - 147
    Authors:
3. 1. Economic Reforms, Reorganization of Enterprises and Self- Management System in Enterprises No access Pages 147 - 148
    Authors:
  2. Ownership Transformations and Etablishment of Self-Management System in Enterprises No access Pages 148 - 149
    Authors:
4. 1. The Concept of Social Ownership According to the 1974 Kosovo’s Constitution until 1989 No access Pages 149 - 151
    Authors:
  2. Forms of Ownership According to Constitutional and Legal Regulation after 1974 No access Pages 151 - 152
    Authors:
  3. Authors:
    1. Socially Owned Agricultural Land No access
      Authors:
    2. Socially Owned Construction (Industrial) Land No access
      Authors:
    3. Socially Owned Apartments No access
      Authors:
    4. Social Business Premises No access
      Authors:
5. 1. Legal Concept No access Pages 154 - 157
    Authors:
  2. Some Legal Arguments for Identification of Social Property as State Property No access Pages 157 - 159
    Authors:
6. The Status of Social Property in Kosovo from 1989 to 1999 No access Pages 159 - 160
  Authors:
7. Authors:
  1. Privatization of Socially Owned Property in Kosovo No access
    Authors:
8. Background No access Pages 161 - 162
  Authors:
9. 1. UNMIK Administration No access Pages 162 - 163
    Authors:
  2. Kosovo Governmental Structure: Provisional Institutions of Self- Government (PISG) of the Republic of Kosovo No access Pages 163 - 164
    Authors:
  3. Legal Framework: Diffused Legal Bases No access Pages 164 - 166
    Authors:
10. The Impact of Unresolved Political Status in the Privatization Process: The Lack of Debate on Privatization No access Pages 166 - 168
  Authors:
11. Economic Environment: Ruined Economy and Low Living Standards During the Privatization Process No access Pages 168 - 170
  Authors:
12. 1. The Question of Administration of SOEs No access Pages 170 - 171
    Authors:
  2. Commercialization of SOEs No access Pages 171 - 172
    Authors:
13. 1. Background No access Pages 172 - 173
    Authors:
  2. Legal Challenges Regarding Privatization of SOEs No access Pages 173 - 176
    Authors:
  3. The Question of the Privatization Model: The Critical Assessment of the Privatization Proposals No access Pages 176 - 177
    Authors:
14. 1. Establishment of the Kosovo Trust Agency: The Legal Status and its Function No access Pages 177 - 179
    Authors:
  2. Administration of POEs and SOEs No access Pages 179 - 180
    Authors:
  3. Privatization of SOEs No access Pages 180 - 180
    Authors:
  4. Authors:
    1. Privatization According to the Spin-Off Model No access
      Authors:
    2. Liquidation No access
      Authors:
    3. Long Term Leases No access
      Authors:
15. Insider Privatization: Employee Ownership in the Privatization Process No access Pages 184 - 185
  Authors:
16. Transformation of Social Immovable Property: The Right to Use the Land for 99 Years No access Pages 185 - 186
  Authors:
17. Socially Owned Apartments and Construction Land No access Pages 186 - 187
  Authors:
18. Privatization Process under the Privatization Agency of Kosovo No access Pages 187 - 189
  Authors:
19. Authors:
  1. Resolving Ownership Disputes During Privatization: The Lack of Treatment of Restitution No access
    Authors:
20. Overview No access Pages 191 - 191
  Authors:
21. The Establishment of the Special Chamber No access Pages 191 - 192
  Authors:
22. 1. Resolving Property Disputes Regarding the SOEs Transformed during the Milosevic Regime 1989-1999 No access Pages 192 - 195
    Authors:
  2. Resolving Disputes Regarding Employees’ Rights during Privatization of Property No access Pages 195 - 196
    Authors:
23. 1. Background No access Pages 196 - 197
    Authors:
  2. The Lack of Legal Framework for Resolving the Restitution Issue No access Pages 197 - 198
    Authors:
  3. The Negative Effect of the Lack of Legal Framework No access Pages 198 - 198
    Authors:
  4. The Difficulties of Resolving the Issue of Restitution of Former Owners No access Pages 198 - 200
    Authors:
  5. Authors:
    1. System of Tapou (Tapia) No access
      Authors:
    2. Registering the Property: Possession Certificate and Ownership Certificate No access
      Authors:
    3. Books of Tabulation and the Court’s Archive No access
      Authors:
    4. De facto Possession (Prescription) No access
      Authors:
  6. The Need to Resolve the Restitution of Property of the Former Owners No access Pages 203 - 204
    Authors:
  7. Authors:
    1. Extension of Restitution No access
      Authors:
    2. Compensation No access
      Authors:
24. Authors:
  1. General Conclusions No access
    Authors:
Bibliography No access Pages 225 - 235
Authors:
Research and Study Reports No access Pages 236 - 237
Authors:
Legal Acts No access Pages 238 - 243
Authors: