The German and Romanian Abuse of Market Dominance in the Light of Article 102 TFEU

Dr. Anca Daniela Chirita

doi:10.5771/9783845230306

Summary

Das Buch erläutert umfassend die materiellen Rechtsvorschriften über den Missbrauch einer marktbeherrschenden Stellung durch Unternehmen im deutschen, rumänischen und europäischen Wettbewerbs- und Kartellrecht. Dabei berücksichtigt das Werk auch die relevanten ökonomischen Ansätze sowie die wirtschaftspolitischen Zielsetzungen der Europäischen Union nach Lissabon.

Die Autorin macht deutlich, dass die Leitlinien der EU-Kommission schon Vorüberlegungen für ein wirkungsbasiertes und ergebnisorientiertes Kartellrecht enthalten, das sich nicht mehr auf die statische Marktstruktur, sondern auf Wettbewerbseffekte und die konkreten Marktauswirkungen konzentriert. Das Werk erläutert außerdem neue Interpretationen von Artikel 102 AEUV, die auch den dynamischen Wettbewerb einbeziehen.

Die Untersuchung richtet sich vor allem an Wissenschaftler und Praktiker des Europäischen Wettbewerbsrechts.

Ausgezeichnet mit dem Dr. Friedrich Feldbausch-Förderpreis 2011 .

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Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2011
Copyright Year: 2011
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8329-6435-1
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-3030-6
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft
Volume: 82
Language: English
Pages: 395
Product Type: Monograph

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 2 - 10
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Preface No access Pages 11 - 12
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Caveats No access Pages 13 - 13
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Acknowledgements No access Pages 14 - 14
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1. 1. Brief Historical Overview of National Competition Laws No access Pages 15 - 19
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  2. The Legal Background of the Abuse of a Dominant Position No access Pages 19 - 22
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  3. Stricter National Abuse of Market Dominance Rules No access Pages 22 - 24
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  4. The Challenges of EU Competition Law: The European Commission’s Reform Efforts No access Pages 24 - 25
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  5. National Competition Authorities No access Pages 25 - 27
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2. 1. Authors:
    1. Safeguarding the Competitive Process and the Free Competition No access
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    2. The Furtherance of Consumers No access
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    3. Undistorted Competition and Market Integration No access
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    4. Non-Competition or Public Policy Objectives: Social Market Economy, Social Progress, and the Environment No access
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    5. Free Competition as Economic Freedom and Open Markets No access
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    6. The Interplay of Fair with Unfair Competition No access
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    7. The Public Interest and Unfair Competition No access
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    8. Economic Efficiency No access
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    9. The Future after Lisbon: the Interplay of Undistorted Competition with Industrial Policy – A European Enterprise Act? No access
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  2. Concluding Remarks on the Final Balancing of Policy Objectives, their Enforcement and Future Challenges No access Pages 46 - 49
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  3. The German Economic Thinking in the Light of an Economic Constitution No access Pages 49 - 55
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  4. Performance v Prevention-Based Competition and Economic Efficiency No access Pages 55 - 61
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  5. The Market-Structure-Conduct Paradigm, Effective Competition, and the Objective Justification No access Pages 61 - 65
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  6. The European Commission’s Standard: Total v Consumer Welfare No access Pages 65 - 68
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    1. The Origins of Un(Fair) Competition under EU Competition Law No access
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    2. The Un(Fair) Competition under the German Act against Restraints No access
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    3. The Balance of Fair Competition and its Interplay with Unfair Competition No access
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    4. Conclusion No access
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3. 1. Establishing Market Dominance No access Pages 74 - 79
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  2. The Scope of Application of the Market Dominance Laws No access Pages 79 - 82
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    1. The Definition of a Dominant Position No access
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    2. A Comparative Understanding: An Objective v a Subjective Concept of Abuse No access
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    3. Understanding Performance v Competition on the Merits under EU Competition Law No access
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    4. Final Remarks on the Special Responsibility No access
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    5. Understanding the Inter Member-States Distortions of Competition No access
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    6. Understanding Broad Distortions of Competition No access
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    7. Conclusions No access
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  4. Authors:
    1. The Relevant Product Market No access
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    2. The Definition of the Relevant Geographical Market No access
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    1. The Presumptions of Market Dominance No access
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    2. Market Power No access
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    3. Market Shares No access
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    4. Barriers to Entry No access
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    5. Financial Strength No access
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  6. Joint Dominance and Oligopolies No access Pages 127 - 133
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4. 1. Exclusionary Abuses No access Pages 133 - 142
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  2. Exploitative Abuse No access Pages 142 - 143
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  3. Discrimination as a Structural Abuse No access Pages 143 - 145
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  4. The Abuse of Economic Dependence No access Pages 145 - 146
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  5. Distinctive Features in the Light of the Eighth German Amendment No access Pages 146 - 150
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  6. The Analysis and Interpretation of the Recent Romanian Amendment No access Pages 150 - 156
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  7. Brief Overview of Sharp Practices of the German Act against Unfair Competition No access Pages 156 - 158
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5. 1. Introduction to the Challenges and the Gaps of the Guidance Paper No access Pages 158 - 162
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  2. Ambiguities: Where is a Clear Policy Standard? No access Pages 162 - 165
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  3. Reconcilable Tensions of the New Shift No access Pages 165 - 168
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  4. Consistency v Legal Certainty in light of the Form and Effects-based Approach No access Pages 168 - 173
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  5. Anti-competitive Foreclosure and Consumer Harm No access Pages 173 - 176
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  6. The Standard of Proof and the Evidentiary Requirements No access Pages 176 - 180
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  7. Authors:
    1. Understanding the Net Impact on Consumer Welfare v Efficiency Defence No access
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    2. The Burden of Proof No access
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    3. The Objective Justification, Efficiency Defence, and the Balancing Test No access
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    4. A Comparative Analysis of Efficiencies No access
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  8. The As-Efficient Competitor Test No access Pages 190 - 192
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  9. Authors:
    1. Predatory Pricing No access
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    2. Tying No access
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    3. Refusal to Supply No access
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  10. Brief Overview of Responses and Concluding Remarks No access Pages 196 - 201
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6. 1. Introduction No access Pages 201 - 202
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  2. Undistorted Competition and the Old Teleological Interpretation of Article 102 No access Pages 202 - 203
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  3. Undistorted Competition: High Level Protection v Consumer Welfare No access Pages 203 - 205
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  4. The Comparative Understanding of Undistorted Competition within the Union’s Internal Market No access Pages 205 - 208
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  5. The Competition Policy after Lisbon and the Interpretation of Article 102 No access Pages 208 - 209
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  6. Protection v Consumer Welfare No access Pages 209 - 211
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  7. The Evolution and Role of Consumers’ Interests No access Pages 211 - 213
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  8. A Shift to More Effects-based Competition, Consumer Harm, and Public Policy? No access Pages 213 - 217
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  9. The Teleological Interpretation of Article 12 to Article 102 No access Pages 217 - 220
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  10. Concluding Remarks No access Pages 220 - 222
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7. Brief Overview of Remedies, Penalties, and Judicial Review No access Pages 222 - 229
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1. An Empirical Classification of Abusive Practices and Future Challenges No access Pages 230 - 235
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2. 1. Monopoly Pricing No access Pages 235 - 236
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  2. Excessive or Unfair Pricing and Unfair Trading Conditions No access Pages 236 - 242
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  3. Excessive Prices in the Energy and the Gas Sector No access Pages 242 - 245
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  4. Predatory Pricing No access Pages 245 - 252
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  5. Selling below Costs No access Pages 252 - 257
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  6. Selling below Cost in the Food Trade Sector No access Pages 257 - 259
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  7. Cross-subsidisation No access Pages 259 - 260
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  8. Margin Squeeze in the Telecommunications Sector No access Pages 260 - 268
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  9. Export Sales below Cost and Dumping Pricing No access Pages 268 - 270
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  10. Discounts and Rebates No access Pages 270 - 279
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  11. Long-term Exclusive Agreements No access Pages 279 - 284
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3. 1. (Price) Discrimination No access Pages 284 - 286
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  2. Hindrance Abuse No access Pages 286 - 290
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4. 1. Contractual v Technological Tying No access Pages 290 - 294
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  2. Technological Tying v Interoperability in the Software Industry No access Pages 294 - 298
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5. 1. Refusal to Deal No access Pages 298 - 300
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  2. Refusal to Supply No access Pages 300 - 302
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  3. Refusal to Grant Access to Essential Facilities No access Pages 302 - 307
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  4. Abuse of Intellectual Property Rights: A New Exploitative Abuse of Property Rights? No access Pages 307 - 314
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6. 1. Dependence upon a Certain Undertaking No access Pages 314 - 319
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  2. Scarcity Dependence No access Pages 319 - 320
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  3. Product Line-induced Dependence No access Pages 320 - 321
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  4. Leading Products or Producers Dependence No access Pages 321 - 321
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  5. Business or Demand-induced Dependence No access Pages 321 - 322
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  6. Abuse of Economic Dependency: A Gap under Article 102 No access Pages 322 - 325
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7. Concluding Remarks on the Eighth German Amendment and the Case Law No access Pages 325 - 327
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8. 1. Super-dominance v Paramount Market Position No access Pages 327 - 329
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  2. Likelihood of Effects and Competition on the Merits No access Pages 329 - 330
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  3. The Lock-in Effect: Microsoft & Soda Club No access Pages 330 - 331
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  4. Efficiencies No access Pages 331 - 333
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  5. The Balancing Test: The Public Interest and Effective Competition No access Pages 333 - 336
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  6. Technical Bundling and the Unfair Interoperability Advantage No access Pages 336 - 338
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  7. Economically Viable or Surviving in the Market No access Pages 338 - 342
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  8. Final Concluding Remarks No access Pages 342 - 346
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9. 1. Introduction No access Pages 346 - 349
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  2. The Historical Background of the EU Unfair Competition Rules No access Pages 349 - 356
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  3. The Present Relevance of the Historical Interpretation of Article 102 No access Pages 356 - 359
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  4. The Elements of Unfair Competition under Article 102 No access Pages 359 - 361
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  5. The Union’s Present Unfair Competition Case Law No access Pages 361 - 370
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  6. The Control of Unfair Competition Acts: A Dynamic Interpretation No access Pages 370 - 372
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  7. Conclusions and Reasons to Enact an Unfair Competition Control Regulation Union-wide No access Pages 372 - 375
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1. Final Remarks and Policy Recommendations for Romania No access Pages 376 - 379
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2. Final Remarks for Germany No access Pages 379 - 381
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3. Final Remarks for EU Competition Law No access Pages 381 - 382
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Bibliography No access Pages 383 - 395
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