Iran, Nuclear Weapons and International Law

Prof. Dr. Masahiko Asada

doi:10.5771/9783748947936

Summary

This book provides a concise account of 159-page long and extremely complicated Iran nuclear deal (formally known as the “Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action” or JCPOA), including the legal analysis of its main content, the legal meaning of President Trump’s withdrawal from it and its link to a Security Council resolution, which assures its legal and political survival. Despite such assurance, however, the JCPOA is destined to cease to exist if nothing is done before October 2025. The author has researched on international law of nuclear non-proliferation for more than 40 years. He is currently a member of the UN International Law Commission (ILC) and an associate member of the Institut de droit international (IDI).

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Bibliographic data

Publication year: 2024
Publication date: 24.06.2024
ISBN-Print: 978-3-7560-1902-1
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-4793-6
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Hans Kelsen Memorial Lectures on International Peace and Security Law
Volume: 1
Language: English
Pages: 172
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 1 - 12
Introduction No access Pages 13 - 14
1. 1. History of Iran’s Nuclear Development No access
2. 2. Strengthening of NPT Regime (1): IAEA Safeguards No access
3. 3. Strengthening of NPT Regime (2): Transfer of Sensitive Nuclear Technologies No access
1. 1. The Tehran Agreed Statement and the Paris Agreement No access
2. 2. Resumption of Enrichment-Related Activities under President Ahmadinejad No access
1. 1. Normative Measures No access
2. 1. a) Resolution 1696 No access
  2. b) Resolution 1737 No access
  3. c) Resolution 1747 No access
  4. d) Resolution 1803 No access
  5. e) Resolution 1929 No access
  6. f) Summary No access
1. 1. Background Leading to the Agreement of the JCPOA No access
2. 1. a) Negative Arguments No access
  2. b) Affirmative Arguments No access
3. 1. 1. aa) Restrictions on Iran’s Nuclear-Related Activities (JCPOA, paras. 1-12, 17, and Annexes I and IV) No access
    2. bb) Monitoring of Iran’s Compliance (JCPOA, paras. 13, 15, and Annex I, Sec. Q) No access
    3. cc) Lifting of UN and Autonomous Sanctions (JCPOA, paras. 18-33, and Annex II) No access
    4. dd) Dispute Resolution Mechanism (JCPOA, para. 36, and Annex IV) No access
    5. 1. aaa) Snapback Procedure under the JCPOA No access
      2. bbb) Snapback Procedure under Resolution 2231 No access
      3. ccc) Differences of Snapback Procedures in JCPOA and Resolution 2231 No access
  2. b) Timeframes and Deadlines No access
4. 4) Evaluation of the JCPOA No access
V. U.S. Withdrawal from the JCPOA and Reactions of Other States No access Pages 75 - 82
1. 1. Background of U.S. Invocation of Snapback No access
2. 2. U.S. Invocation of Snapback Procedure No access
3. 3. U.S. Legal Justification No access
4. 4. Doubts about U.S. Actions No access
5. 5. Consequences of the Failure of Snapback No access
Conclusions No access Pages 101 - 106
1. The Security Council No access
2. Terminations No access
3. Application of Provisions of Previous Resolutions No access
4. JCPOA Implementation No access
5. Exemptions No access
6. Other Matters No access
1. PREFACE No access
2. PREAMBLE AND GENERAL PROVISIONS No access
3. Iran and E3/EU+3 will take the following voluntary measures within the timeframe as detailed in this JCPOA and its Annexes No access
4. NUCLEAR No access
5. A. ENRICHMENT, ENRICHMENT R&D, STOCKPILES No access
6. B. ARAK, HEAVY WATER, REPROCESSING No access
7. C. TRANSPARENCY AND CONFIDENCE BUILDING MEASURES No access
8. SANCTIONS No access
9. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN No access
10. DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISM No access
11. JCPOA Annex I – Nuclear-related measures No access
12. A. GENERAL No access
13. B. ARAK HEAVY WATER RESEARCH REACTOR No access
14. C. HEAVY WATER PRODUCTION PLANT No access
15. D. OTHER REACTORS No access
16. E. SPENT FUEL REPROCESSING ACTIVITIES No access
17. F. ENRICHMENT CAPACITY No access
18. G. CENTRIFUGES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT No access
19. H. FORDOW FUEL ENRICHMENT PLANT No access
20. I. OTHER ASPECTS OF ENRICHMENT No access
21. J. URANIUM STOCKS AND FUELS No access
22. K. CENTRIFUGE MANUFACTURING No access
23. L. ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL AND MODIFIED CODE 3.1 No access
24. M. PAST AND PRESENT ISSUES OF CONCERN No access
25. N. MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND LONG TERM PRESENCE OF IAEA No access
26. O. TRANSPARENCY RELATED TO URANIUM ORE CONCENTRATE (UOC) No access
27. P. TRANSPARENCY RELATED TO ENRICHMENT No access
28. Q. ACCESS No access
29. R. CENTRIFUGE COMPONENT MANUFACTURING TRANSPARENCY No access
30. S. OTHER URANIUM ISOTOPE SEPARATION ACTIVITIES No access
31. T. ACTIVITIES WHICH COULD CONTRIBUTE TO THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE DEVICE No access
32. Attachment: Arak conceptual design (omitted) No access
33. JCPOA Annex II – Sanctions-related commitments (omitted) No access
34. JCPOA Annex III - Civil Nuclear Cooperation (omitted) No access
35. JCPOA Annex IV – Joint Commission No access
36. JCPOA Annex V - Implementation Plan No access
37. A. Finalisation Day No access
38. B. Adoption Day No access
39. C. Implementation Day No access
40. D. Transition Day No access
41. E. UNSCR Termination Day No access
42. F. Other No access
1. Statement No access