Regime-Hybridity in Mexico: The Impact of Clientelism on Transition and Political Regimes

Dr. Kristin Seffer

doi:10.5771/9783845238715

Summary

Im Buch wird ein eklektisches Modell entwickelt, das Klientelismus an Regimehybridität bindet und somit von demokratischen sowie von autoritären Strukturen unterscheidet. Dadurch wird eine Alternative angeboten, das „Steckenbleiben“ von Transitionsprozessen zu erklären. Analysiert werden politische Reformen die gemeinhin als demokratieförderlich kategorisiert werden und von Reformern in Transitionsländern und der internationalen Gemeinschaft vertreten wurden: Dezentralisierung und die Reform der Sozialpolitik zur Verbesserung der Beteiligungschancen der armen Bevölkerung, sowie die Reform des Wirtschaftssektors, die vor allem auf Privatisierung und Liberalisierung setzt, um die vermeintliche staatliche Korruption und Ineffizienz zu überwinden. Mexiko gilt sowohl in der Transitionsforschung als auch im Ansatz des resource curse als devianter Fall. Wie aber lässt sich erklären, dass zwei Transitionsprozesse (zu Beginn und am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts) nicht zur Durchsetzung von Demokratie führten?

Die Autorin folgt Ansätzen, die Transitionsprozesse nicht nur auf der staatlichen Ebene untersuchen, sondern auch gesellschaftliche Strukturen einbeziehen. Dann kann Klientelismus an Rente und Marginalität einerseits und an Hybridität andererseits gebunden werden.

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Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2012
Copyright Year: 2012
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8329-7047-5
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-3871-5
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Studien zu Lateinamerika
Volume: 17
Language: English
Pages: 316
Product Type: Monograph

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 2 - 12
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Abbreviations No access Pages 13 - 14
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Introduction No access Pages 15 - 26
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1. 1. Authors:
    1. The Focus on the Government Sphere as an Obstacle to Causal Explanations: Democracies with Adjectives No access
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    2. Regime-Hybridity: A Combination of Authoritarian and Democratic Structures? No access
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    3. Regime-Hybridity versus Democracy and Authoritarianism: Incorporating Civil Society into the Concept of Political Regime No access
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    1. The Concept of Rent No access
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    2. How to Use Rents: Rent Allocation and Rent-Seeking No access
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    3. Forms of Rent Revenue No access
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    4. Marginality-cum-Rent No access
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  3. Authors:
    1. Distinguishing Clientelistic Relations No access
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    2. The Origins of Clientelism: A Consequence of the Co-Existence of Rent and Marginality? No access
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    3. Relating Clientelism to Regime-Hybridity: The Maintenance of a Non-autonomous Civil Society No access
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      1. How to Understand Decentralization No access
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      2. The Impact of Decentralization on Transition No access
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      3. Decentralization and Clientelism No access
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    2. Authors:
      1. Welfare State Models and Types of Social Policy No access
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      2. Social Policy and Clientelism in Rent-based Economies No access
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      3. Social Policy and the Political Regime No access
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      1. Democracy-Promotion through Privatization and Liberalization? No access
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      2. State Class, Oligarchy, and Bourgeoisie: Economic Actors in Rent-based Economies No access
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      3. Economic Elites and Their Impact on the Political Regime: Are They Promoting Economic Inclusion? No access
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  5. Concluding Remarks No access Pages 117 - 119
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2. 1. Authors:
    1. Decentralization: Promoting Democracy or Fostering Clientelistic Structures? No access
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    2. Social Policy: Promoting Development or Fostering the Non-Autonomy of Civil Society? No access
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    3. The Economic Sector: Fostering a Redistributive and Democratic Political Regime or Reproducing Clientelistic Structures? No access
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  2. Authors:
    1. Case Study versus Variable-oriented Approach No access
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    2. The Mexican Political Regime: A Deviant Case for Transition Theory No access
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    3. The State of Nuevo Leon: A Least-likely Case within a Most-likely Case No access
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    1. Decentralization and the Increasing Bargaining Capacity of Sub-national Political Authorities No access
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    2. Social Policy in a Period of Political Transition and Socio-economic Changes No access
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    3. Economic Elites in Times of Economic Crises and Adjustments No access
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    1. The Porfiriato No access
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    2. The Revolutionary Period No access
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    3. The Cárdenas Era and the Corporatist Regime Formation No access
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    1. The Agricultural Sector No access
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    2. The Role of Oil No access
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    1. Revenues Received from Narcotráfico No access
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    2. Migrant Workers’ Remittances - Remesas No access
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2. 1. Antecedents of the Decentralization Reforms: The Long Term Project of Centralizing the Political System No access Pages 162 - 168
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  2. Authors:
    1. Circumstances and Reasons for the Decision to Decentralize in the 1980s No access
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    2. The Reforma Municipal – Article 115 of the Mexican Constitution No access
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    3. Transferring Services Responsibilities in Nuevo Leon: A Potential Strategy to Maintain Clientelistic Networks? No access
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    4. Fondo General de Participaciones – Ramo 26 No access
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    5. Evaluating the First Decentralization Reforms No access
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    1. Circumstances and Reasons for the New Reforms No access
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    2. The Implementation of the Fondo de Aportaciones Federales – Ramo 33 No access
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    3. The Reforma Municipal of 1999: More Autonomy for the Municipios? No access
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    4. Federalism after the Cambio: Accountability in Nuevo Leon No access
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    5. Evaluating the Second Reform and the Today Situation No access
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  4. Continuities and Changes: Decentralization in Periods of Declining Traditional Rent Revenues and Increasing Availability of Alternative (Rent) Revenues No access Pages 188 - 192
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3. 1. Authors:
    1. Social Policy under the PRI before and after the Politico-economic Changes in the 1980s No access
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    2. The Creation of PRONASOL after the Economic Crisis of 1987 No access
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    3. PROGRESA: A Consequence of the “Tequila” Crisis of 1994 & 1995 No access
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    4. Procampo and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) No access
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  2. Authors:
    1. PROGRESA-Oportunidades: Breaking the Clientelistic Practices of the PRI? No access
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    2. Procampo: A Transitional Subsidy Program? No access
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    3. The Program 3x1: The Institutionalized Allocation of Rent Revenues? No access
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    4. The Impact of the Return of Traditional Rent Revenues on Social Protection Policies No access
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  3. Evaluating the PAN’s Social Protection Policies: Alternative Strategy to Maintain Clientelism or to Overcome Marginality? No access Pages 219 - 224
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4. 1. Authors:
    1. From the Cervecería Cuauhtémoc to FEMSA No access
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    2. Grupo Alfa No access
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    3. The Zambrano Family and CEMEX No access
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    4. Capital Concentration and Industrial Development in Monterrey under the Post-revolutionary PRI Regime No access
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    1. Strategies to Resolve the Crisis and Growth of the Conglomerates after the 1980s No access
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    2. Wages since the Economic Opening Process No access
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    3. Productivity and Wage Levels No access
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    1. Representing Workers Interests or Administering the Workforce? The Sindicatos Blancos No access
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    2. The Political Organ of Oligarchic Groups: The Confederación Patronal de la República Mexicana (COPARMEX) No access
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  4. Reproducing Clientelism: The Impact of Economic Groups No access Pages 260 - 263
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5. 1. Empirical Findings No access Pages 263 - 273
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  2. Final Discussion and further Research Questions No access Pages 273 - 281
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6. Bibliography No access Pages 281 - 299
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7. 1. Authors:
    1. Election Results in the Área Metropolitana of Monterrey, 1997–2006 No access
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    2. Difference between the Total Income per Capita Received by Municipios (Amount Reported by the Municipios to INEGI) and the Total Amounts Transmitted to Municipios (Reported by the Government of Nuevo León to Cuenta Pública) (Mexican Pesos at Current Prices) No access
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    3. Difference between the Participaciones Federales (PF) Received by Municipios (Amount Reported by the Municipios to INEGI) and the PF Transmitted to Municipios (Amount Reported by the Government of Nuevo León to Cuenta Pública) (Mexican Pesos at Current Prices) No access
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    4. Value of Mexican Exports of Illegal Drugs, 1961–2000: Percentage of Legal Exports (Black Curve/Left Scale) and Percentage of Oil Products (Grey Curve/Right Scale) No access
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    5. Annual Percentage Change of GDP, 1980–2008 (in Constant Prices) No access
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    6. Migrant Worker’s Remittances Sent to Mexico No access
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    1. Years of Education of 25 to 65 Year-Olds by Income Decile, 1984–2002 No access
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    2. Enrollment Rates of Young People in Poor and Rich Mexican Households, 1992 & 2000 (in Percent) No access
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    3. Composition of the Extreme Poor by Household Head Characteristics in 1992 & 2002 (in Percent) No access
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    4. Percentage Breakdown of Income and Average per Capita Income: Comparing Households with and without Remittances No access
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    5. Indicators of Public Revenues and Spending, 1998–2006 (Billions of Mex. Pesos of 2006) No access
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    6. Evolution of Remittances (Remesas) and Average Annual Wages (Remuneraciones) in Mexico, 1980–2003 (Constant US$ & Mex. Pesos of 2003) No access
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    1. Annual Growth Rate of Private Investments in Nuevo Leon in Selected Sectors, 1909–1936 (in Percent) No access
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    2. CEMEX at the Mexican Domestic Market, 1970–1989 No access
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    3. Family Income Distribution in the Área Metropolitana of Monterrey, 1965–1985 No access
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    4. Average Growth Rates for External Sales (Exports and Sales of Foreign Associates, Percentage) and Domestic Sales (Percentage), 1992–2002 No access
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    5. Average Real Wages per Worker’s Hour by Manufacturing Sub-Sector in Mexico, 1981–1992 (1981=100) No access
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    6. Average Real Wages per Worker’s Hour by Manufacturing Sub-Sector in Mexico, 1992–2003 (1992=100) No access
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    7. Index of the Average Real Income per Employee in the Manufacturing Sector in Mexico, 1993–2001, (1993=100) No access
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    8. Wages and Added Value of Employees in Mexico and Nuevo Leon (Selected Years between 1980–2003, in Mexican Pesos of 1993) No access
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    9. Average Hours Worked and Income Received by Education, 1984 & 1994 No access
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    10. Mexico: Sources of Growth, 1940–1994 (in Percent) No access
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    11. Export Sales by Company, 1990–2002 (in Percent) No access
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    12. Monthly Manufacturing Wages by Worker’s Group in Nuevo León in 1993 (in 1993 Mex. Pesos) No access
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