Regime-Hybridity in Mexico: The Impact of Clientelism on Transition and Political Regimes

Dr. Kristin Seffer

doi:10.5771/9783845238715

Summary

Im Buch wird ein eklektisches Modell entwickelt, das Klientelismus an Regimehybridität bindet und somit von demokratischen sowie von autoritären Strukturen unterscheidet. Dadurch wird eine Alternative angeboten, das „Steckenbleiben“ von Transitionsprozessen zu erklären. Analysiert werden politische Reformen die gemeinhin als demokratieförderlich kategorisiert werden und von Reformern in Transitionsländern und der internationalen Gemeinschaft vertreten wurden: Dezentralisierung und die Reform der Sozialpolitik zur Verbesserung der Beteiligungschancen der armen Bevölkerung, sowie die Reform des Wirtschaftssektors, die vor allem auf Privatisierung und Liberalisierung setzt, um die vermeintliche staatliche Korruption und Ineffizienz zu überwinden. Mexiko gilt sowohl in der Transitionsforschung als auch im Ansatz des resource curse als devianter Fall. Wie aber lässt sich erklären, dass zwei Transitionsprozesse (zu Beginn und am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts) nicht zur Durchsetzung von Demokratie führten?

Die Autorin folgt Ansätzen, die Transitionsprozesse nicht nur auf der staatlichen Ebene untersuchen, sondern auch gesellschaftliche Strukturen einbeziehen. Dann kann Klientelismus an Rente und Marginalität einerseits und an Hybridität andererseits gebunden werden.

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Bibliographic data

Edition: 1/2012
Copyright year: 2012
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8329-7047-5
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-3871-5
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Studien zu Lateinamerika
Volume: 17
Language: English
Pages: 316
Product type: Book Titles

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis No access Pages 2 - 12 Kristin Seffer
Abbreviations No access Pages 13 - 14 Kristin Seffer
Introduction No access Pages 15 - 26 Kristin Seffer
1. 1. Kristin Seffer
    1. The Focus on the Government Sphere as an Obstacle to Causal Explanations: Democracies with Adjectives No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Regime-Hybridity: A Combination of Authoritarian and Democratic Structures? No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Regime-Hybridity versus Democracy and Authoritarianism: Incorporating Civil Society into the Concept of Political Regime No access Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. The Concept of Rent No access Kristin Seffer
    2. How to Use Rents: Rent Allocation and Rent-Seeking No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Forms of Rent Revenue No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Marginality-cum-Rent No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Kristin Seffer
    1. Distinguishing Clientelistic Relations No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Origins of Clientelism: A Consequence of the Co-Existence of Rent and Marginality? No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Relating Clientelism to Regime-Hybridity: The Maintenance of a Non-autonomous Civil Society No access Kristin Seffer
  4. Kristin Seffer
    1. Kristin Seffer
      1. How to Understand Decentralization No access Kristin Seffer
      2. The Impact of Decentralization on Transition No access Kristin Seffer
      3. Decentralization and Clientelism No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Kristin Seffer
      1. Welfare State Models and Types of Social Policy No access Kristin Seffer
      2. Social Policy and Clientelism in Rent-based Economies No access Kristin Seffer
      3. Social Policy and the Political Regime No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Kristin Seffer
      1. Democracy-Promotion through Privatization and Liberalization? No access Kristin Seffer
      2. State Class, Oligarchy, and Bourgeoisie: Economic Actors in Rent-based Economies No access Kristin Seffer
      3. Economic Elites and Their Impact on the Political Regime: Are They Promoting Economic Inclusion? No access Kristin Seffer
  5. Concluding Remarks No access Pages 117 - 119 Kristin Seffer
2. 1. Kristin Seffer
    1. Decentralization: Promoting Democracy or Fostering Clientelistic Structures? No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Social Policy: Promoting Development or Fostering the Non-Autonomy of Civil Society? No access Kristin Seffer
    3. The Economic Sector: Fostering a Redistributive and Democratic Political Regime or Reproducing Clientelistic Structures? No access Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. Case Study versus Variable-oriented Approach No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Mexican Political Regime: A Deviant Case for Transition Theory No access Kristin Seffer
    3. The State of Nuevo Leon: A Least-likely Case within a Most-likely Case No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Kristin Seffer
    1. Decentralization and the Increasing Bargaining Capacity of Sub-national Political Authorities No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Social Policy in a Period of Political Transition and Socio-economic Changes No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Economic Elites in Times of Economic Crises and Adjustments No access Kristin Seffer
1. 1. Kristin Seffer
    1. The Porfiriato No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Revolutionary Period No access Kristin Seffer
    3. The Cárdenas Era and the Corporatist Regime Formation No access Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. The Agricultural Sector No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Role of Oil No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Kristin Seffer
    1. Revenues Received from Narcotráfico No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Migrant Workers’ Remittances - Remesas No access Kristin Seffer
2. 1. Antecedents of the Decentralization Reforms: The Long Term Project of Centralizing the Political System No access Pages 162 - 168 Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. Circumstances and Reasons for the Decision to Decentralize in the 1980s No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Reforma Municipal – Article 115 of the Mexican Constitution No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Transferring Services Responsibilities in Nuevo Leon: A Potential Strategy to Maintain Clientelistic Networks? No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Fondo General de Participaciones – Ramo 26 No access Kristin Seffer
    5. Evaluating the First Decentralization Reforms No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Kristin Seffer
    1. Circumstances and Reasons for the New Reforms No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Implementation of the Fondo de Aportaciones Federales – Ramo 33 No access Kristin Seffer
    3. The Reforma Municipal of 1999: More Autonomy for the Municipios? No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Federalism after the Cambio: Accountability in Nuevo Leon No access Kristin Seffer
    5. Evaluating the Second Reform and the Today Situation No access Kristin Seffer
  4. Continuities and Changes: Decentralization in Periods of Declining Traditional Rent Revenues and Increasing Availability of Alternative (Rent) Revenues No access Pages 188 - 192 Kristin Seffer
3. 1. Kristin Seffer
    1. Social Policy under the PRI before and after the Politico-economic Changes in the 1980s No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Creation of PRONASOL after the Economic Crisis of 1987 No access Kristin Seffer
    3. PROGRESA: A Consequence of the “Tequila” Crisis of 1994 & 1995 No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Procampo and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) No access Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. PROGRESA-Oportunidades: Breaking the Clientelistic Practices of the PRI? No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Procampo: A Transitional Subsidy Program? No access Kristin Seffer
    3. The Program 3x1: The Institutionalized Allocation of Rent Revenues? No access Kristin Seffer
    4. The Impact of the Return of Traditional Rent Revenues on Social Protection Policies No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Evaluating the PAN’s Social Protection Policies: Alternative Strategy to Maintain Clientelism or to Overcome Marginality? No access Pages 219 - 224 Kristin Seffer
4. 1. Kristin Seffer
    1. From the Cervecería Cuauhtémoc to FEMSA No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Grupo Alfa No access Kristin Seffer
    3. The Zambrano Family and CEMEX No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Capital Concentration and Industrial Development in Monterrey under the Post-revolutionary PRI Regime No access Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. Strategies to Resolve the Crisis and Growth of the Conglomerates after the 1980s No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Wages since the Economic Opening Process No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Productivity and Wage Levels No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Kristin Seffer
    1. Representing Workers Interests or Administering the Workforce? The Sindicatos Blancos No access Kristin Seffer
    2. The Political Organ of Oligarchic Groups: The Confederación Patronal de la República Mexicana (COPARMEX) No access Kristin Seffer
  4. Reproducing Clientelism: The Impact of Economic Groups No access Pages 260 - 263 Kristin Seffer
5. 1. Empirical Findings No access Pages 263 - 273 Kristin Seffer
  2. Final Discussion and further Research Questions No access Pages 273 - 281 Kristin Seffer
6. Bibliography No access Pages 281 - 299 Kristin Seffer
7. 1. Kristin Seffer
    1. Election Results in the Área Metropolitana of Monterrey, 1997–2006 No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Difference between the Total Income per Capita Received by Municipios (Amount Reported by the Municipios to INEGI) and the Total Amounts Transmitted to Municipios (Reported by the Government of Nuevo León to Cuenta Pública) (Mexican Pesos at Current Prices) No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Difference between the Participaciones Federales (PF) Received by Municipios (Amount Reported by the Municipios to INEGI) and the PF Transmitted to Municipios (Amount Reported by the Government of Nuevo León to Cuenta Pública) (Mexican Pesos at Current Prices) No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Value of Mexican Exports of Illegal Drugs, 1961–2000: Percentage of Legal Exports (Black Curve/Left Scale) and Percentage of Oil Products (Grey Curve/Right Scale) No access Kristin Seffer
    5. Annual Percentage Change of GDP, 1980–2008 (in Constant Prices) No access Kristin Seffer
    6. Migrant Worker’s Remittances Sent to Mexico No access Kristin Seffer
  2. Kristin Seffer
    1. Years of Education of 25 to 65 Year-Olds by Income Decile, 1984–2002 No access Kristin Seffer
    2. Enrollment Rates of Young People in Poor and Rich Mexican Households, 1992 & 2000 (in Percent) No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Composition of the Extreme Poor by Household Head Characteristics in 1992 & 2002 (in Percent) No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Percentage Breakdown of Income and Average per Capita Income: Comparing Households with and without Remittances No access Kristin Seffer
    5. Indicators of Public Revenues and Spending, 1998–2006 (Billions of Mex. Pesos of 2006) No access Kristin Seffer
    6. Evolution of Remittances (Remesas) and Average Annual Wages (Remuneraciones) in Mexico, 1980–2003 (Constant US$ & Mex. Pesos of 2003) No access Kristin Seffer
  3. Kristin Seffer
    1. Annual Growth Rate of Private Investments in Nuevo Leon in Selected Sectors, 1909–1936 (in Percent) No access Kristin Seffer
    2. CEMEX at the Mexican Domestic Market, 1970–1989 No access Kristin Seffer
    3. Family Income Distribution in the Área Metropolitana of Monterrey, 1965–1985 No access Kristin Seffer
    4. Average Growth Rates for External Sales (Exports and Sales of Foreign Associates, Percentage) and Domestic Sales (Percentage), 1992–2002 No access Kristin Seffer
    5. Average Real Wages per Worker’s Hour by Manufacturing Sub-Sector in Mexico, 1981–1992 (1981=100) No access Kristin Seffer
    6. Average Real Wages per Worker’s Hour by Manufacturing Sub-Sector in Mexico, 1992–2003 (1992=100) No access Kristin Seffer
    7. Index of the Average Real Income per Employee in the Manufacturing Sector in Mexico, 1993–2001, (1993=100) No access Kristin Seffer
    8. Wages and Added Value of Employees in Mexico and Nuevo Leon (Selected Years between 1980–2003, in Mexican Pesos of 1993) No access Kristin Seffer
    9. Average Hours Worked and Income Received by Education, 1984 & 1994 No access Kristin Seffer
    10. Mexico: Sources of Growth, 1940–1994 (in Percent) No access Kristin Seffer
    11. Export Sales by Company, 1990–2002 (in Percent) No access Kristin Seffer
    12. Monthly Manufacturing Wages by Worker’s Group in Nuevo León in 1993 (in 1993 Mex. Pesos) No access Kristin Seffer