International Commercial Arbitration

Dr. Stephan Balthasar

doi:10.5771/9783845259192

Summary

This Guide is meant to provide an overview on the global framework of international commercial arbitration, in particular the New York Convention, and gives a comprehensive insight into the laws of international arbitration for the world’s most important jurisdictions in the arena of international arbitration: Austria, Brazil, China, England and Wales, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States of America. The country reports focus on international arbitration, and, where applicable, point to specific rules applying to domestic arbitration in a specific jurisdiction. Each country report follows a uniform structure on the following line:I. IntroductionII. The Arbitration AgreementIII. The Arbitral Proceedings

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2015
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8487-1284-7
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-5919-2
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos
Language: German
Pages: 703
Product type: Comment

Titelei/InhaltsverzeichnisPages I - XL Download chapter (PDF)
1. 1. Introduction No access
  2. 1. International commercial arbitration: A definition No access
    2. The legal framework No access
    3. The territoriality principle and the place of arbitration No access
    4. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
    5. 1. Practicability No access
      2. Party autonomy and neutrality of the forum No access
      3. Efficiency No access
      4. Confidentiality No access
      5. Cross-border enforcement regime No access
      6. Multi-party proceedings and summary judgments No access
  3. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. 1. Formation and interpretation of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Agency No access
    3. 1. Capacity No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form No access
      4. Arbitration agreements that are invalid, inoperative or incapable of being performed No access
      5. Termination No access
    4. 1. Substantive scope (scope ratione materiae) No access
      2. Personal scope (scope ratione personae) No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
      4. Multi-tier clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing the arbitration agreement and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Anti-suit injunctions and other strategies for enforcing arbitration agreements No access
      3. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      4. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction No access
    6. Drafting arbitration clauses: A checklist No access
  4. 1. 1. Constitution and number of arbitrators No access
      2. Qualifications, impartiality and independence of the arbitral tribunal No access
      3. Procedural issues No access
    2. 1. Request for arbitration, statements of claim and defence, hearings, default No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination No access
      6. Costs No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and lois de police No access
    5. Interim relief in arbitration No access
    6. Multi-party arbitration No access
  5. 1. Correction and interpretation of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. No review of the merits No access
        Procedural framework No access
      2. Lack of jurisdiction No access
        Erroneous denial of jurisdiction No access
        Composition of the arbitral tribunal and procedural errors No access
        Breach of the right to be heard No access
        Public policy No access
    3. 1. General procedural framework No access
      2. Defences to enforcement under article 36 ML No access
      3. Stay of enforcement pending setting aside proceedings No access
      4. Enforcement of awards that have been set aside No access
    4. 1. Failure to object in arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Failure to apply to have the award set aside No access
      3. Recognition of foreign decisions, res judicata and estoppel No access
  6. Conclusion No access
1. 1. 1. General purpose and scope of the New York Convention No access
    2. History of the Convention No access
    3. Status and implementation of the Convention into the national law of the Contracting States No access
    4. Interpretation of the Convention No access
    5. Relationship to other sources of law No access
  2. 1. General No access
    2. Temporal applicability No access
    3. 1. Overview of the requirements No access
      2. General No access
        General No access
        Determination of the place where the award was made No access
        General No access
        Specific applications No access
        Applicability to “a-national” or “transnational” awards No access
      3. General considerations No access
        Resolution of a legal dispute No access
        Authority derived from the autonomy of the parties No access
        Regarding the arbitral tribunal No access
        Regarding the parties No access
        Regarding the nature of the legal dispute No access
        General considerations – the requirement of a “final and binding” award No access
        Partial awards No access
        Interim awards No access
        Provisional measures No access
        Decisions with merely contractual force No access
        Extension of scope of application by other law No access
      4. General No access
        Reservation of reciprocity (s. 1) No access
        Commercial dispute reservation (s. 2) No access
        Interaction of both reservations No access
    4. 1. General considerations No access
      2. Territorial scope of application No access
      3. Application of the reservations to the enforcement of arbitration agreements No access
  3. 1. 1. Structural considerations No access
      2. Situations in which article II applies No access
    2. 1. General principles No access
      2. Separability doctrine No access
      3. The “in writing” requirement of article II NYC No access
        Agreement signed by both parties No access
        Exchange of letters or telegrams No access
        Arbitral clauses contained in general terms and conditions No access
        Approaches towards a liberalization of the Convention’s form requirements No access
      4. Autonomous substantive requirements of article II NYC No access
        Determination of the applicable law No access
        Provisions on the protection of the weaker party No access
      5. Subject matter capable of settlement by arbitration (“objective arbitrability”) No access
      6. Capacity of the parties to arbitrate No access
      7. Agency No access
      8. Effectiveness of the arbitration agreement for and against third parties No access
  4. 1. Determination of the scope of the arbitration agreement No access
    2. Other objections to the recognition of arbitration agreements, in particular: arbitration agreements “incapable of being performed” No access
    3. 1. General considerations No access
      2. Cure of an initially defective arbitration agreement No access
      3. Procedural preclusion No access
      4. Good faith No access
    4. 1. General No access
      2. Relationship between national court and arbitral tribunal No access
    5. More favourable law No access
  5. 1. The obligation to recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards, article III NYC No access
    2. 1. General No access
      2. Presentation of the arbitral award, article IV(1)(a) NYC No access
      3. Presentation of the arbitration agreement, article IV(1)(b) NYC No access
      4. Exceptions to the requirements of article IV(1) NYC No access
      5. Submission of a translation, article IV(2) NYC No access
      6. More favourable law No access
    3. 1. Exhaustive grounds for refusal, narrow interpretation No access
        Prohibition of a “re´vision au fond” No access
        Discretion to enforce awards despite the existence of a ground for refusal? No access
        Establishing defences and burden of proof No access
        General No access
        Party agreement (waiver) No access
        Failure to make a timely objection to the arbitral tribunal No access
        Failure to take recourse against the award in the country of origin No access
        Good faith No access
        Partial recognition and enforcement No access
        General No access
        Decisions by the arbitral tribunal No access
        Decisions by national courts No access
      2. General No access
        Form No access
        Substantive validity No access
        Capacity to conclude an arbitration agreement No access
        Objective arbitrability No access
        Other defects of the arbitration agreement No access
        More favourable law, article VII(1) NYC No access
      3. General principle and applicable standard No access
        General No access
        Proper notice No access
        Right to present case No access
        Causality No access
        Waiver and preclusion No access
      4. General No access
        Application of incorrect rules to the substance of the dispute No access
        Decisions ultra and infra petita No access
        Time limits No access
      5. General No access
        General principles No access
        Party autonomy and mandatory rules of the place of arbitration No access
        Limitations to the relevance of procedural irregularities No access
      6. General No access
        General considerations No access
        Formal requirements for the making of the award No access
        Confirmation by a court in the country of origin No access
        Availability of recourse against the award No access
        Party agreement No access
        Passing of time limits for enforcement No access
        Effects of a merger No access
        General principles No access
        Jurisdiction No access
        Scope of review No access
        Enforcement of awards despite an annulment No access
      7. General principle and applicable law No access
        Specific applications No access
      8. Notion of public policy and applicable law No access
        “International” public policy and sufficient connection to the forum No access
        Prohibition of a review on the merits No access
        Foreign public policy No access
        Extent of review of the arbitral award No access
        General considerations No access
        Particular applications No access
        Substantive public policy No access
    4. Adjournment in view of setting-aside proceedings, article VI NYC No access
    5. 1. General No access
      2. Jurisdictional requirements for enforcement, forum non conveniens No access
      3. Periods of limitation No access
      4. Counterclaims and set-off No access
      5. Prohibition of discriminatory provisions No access
    6. 1. Enforcement under more favourable law of the Contracting State, article VII(1) NYC No access
      2. Recognition and enforcement of court decisions granting exequatur of the award No access
      3. Other means of enforcement No access
2. 1. Introduction No access
  2. 1. The nationality of investors No access
    2. 1. General characteristics of an investment No access
      2. Link to the territory of the host State No access
      3. Legality of the investment No access
      4. Specific approval requirements No access
      5. Timing of the investment No access
      6. The protection of shareholders and indirect investments No access
  3. 1. Jurisdiction ratione personae No access
    2. Jurisdiction ratione materiae No access
    3. Jurisdiction ratione temporis No access
    4. 1. Cooling-off periods No access
      2. Prior-recourse to court requirements No access
      3. Fork-in-the-road provisions No access
    5. Ex-ante consolidation and proceedings involving multiple claimants No access
  4. 1. Protection in the event of an expropriation No access
    2. Fair and equitable treatment No access
    3. Full protection and security No access
    4. National treatment No access
    5. Most-Favoured-Nation treatment No access
    6. Prohibition of unreasonable or discriminatory measures No access
    7. Umbrella clauses No access
  5. Conclusion No access
1. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of Austrian arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration, statements of claim and defence, default No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principle and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. The Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Invalidity of the arbitration agreement and lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Right to be heard No access
      5. Arbitral award ultra petita No access
      6. Public policy No access
    3. 1. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      2. Set-off and similar defences No access
    4. Preclusion of grounds for challenge and defences to enforcement No access
2. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      4. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The applicable law No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defenses No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose conflicts of interest No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Composition of the tribunal and procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public policy No access
    3. 1. General framework No access
      2. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
3. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and foreign arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territorial principle, the seat of arbitration and lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation) No access
    2. Guiding principles of Brazilian Arbitration Law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of State Court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. Costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before State Courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limit, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: an overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Unlawful composition of the tribunal and other procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public policy No access
    3. 1. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      2. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defenses No access
    4. Preclusion of grounds for challenge and defenses to enforcement No access
4. 1. 1. 1. The arbitration law of the PRC No access
      2. The civil procedure law of the PRC No access
      3. International conventions No access
      4. Other relevant statutes No access
    2. 1. Principle of free will No access
      2. Principle of conforming to the law No access
      3. Principle of independent arbitration No access
      4. Principle of single and final award No access
  2. 1. Arbitration institutions in China No access
    2. 1. Formation of arbitration tribunal No access
      2. Jurisdiction No access
    3. 1. Qualification requirements No access
      2. Civil liability No access
        Criminal liability No access
  3. 1. 1. Definition No access
      2. Form No access
      3. Arbitration clause No access
      4. Arbitration agreement No access
      5. Arbitration agreement contained in other files No access
    2. 1. Substantial essentials of arbitration agreements No access
      2. An expression of the intention to apply for arbitration No access
      3. Matters for arbitration No access
      4. A designated arbitration commission No access
      5. Other requirements No access
      6. Formal essentials of arbitration agreements No access
    3. 1. Legislation No access
      2. Judicial practice No access
    4. 1. The seat of arbitration No access
      2. Applicable law No access
      3. Applicable arbitration rules No access
      4. Applicable substantive law No access
    5. 1. Effect for parties No access
      2. Effect for the court No access
      3. Effect for the arbitration institution No access
  4. 1. Arbitrability No access
    2. An important principle: confidentiality No access
    3. 1. Application and acceptance No access
      2. Defence and counterclaim No access
      3. The place of arbitration No access
      4. Challenge to the jurisdiction (challenge to the validity of the arbitration agreement) No access
      5. Interim measures of protection No access
      6. Withdrawal of arbitrators No access
      7. Preparations before hearing No access
        Oral hearing No access
        Settlement or mediation No access
        Arbitral award No access
      8. Summary proceedings No access
  5. Fees and costs No access
  6. 1. 1. Grounds for setting aside listed in law No access
        Social and public interest No access
      2. The competent court for setting aside No access
      3. Time limit No access
      4. Consequences No access
    2. 1. Grounds for enforcement (or refusal of enforcement) No access
        The competent court No access
        Time limit No access
        Consequences No access
      2. Two reservations No access
        Grounds for refusal of enforcement No access
        The competent court No access
        Time limit No access
        Enforcement under other international treaties No access
        Enforcement where no convention or treaty applies No access
      3. The pre-reporting mechanism for disallowing enforcement of the foreign-related award and refusing enforcement of the foreign award No access
5. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional, general commercial and sector-specific arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration as compared to ADR and expert determination No access
    2. The guiding principles of English arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. General principles of contract law No access
      2. Capacity (subjective arbitrability) No access
      3. (Objective) Arbitrability No access
      4. Formal requirements No access
      5. Incorporation by reference No access
    4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    5. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    6. 1. Direct enforcement No access
      2. Indirect enforcement No access
      3. Tactical considerations No access
    7. The extent of the principle of Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
    8. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Impartiality, fairness and further duties of the arbitrators No access
      2. Grounds for challenging arbitrators No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
    2. 1. Commencing the arbitration No access
      2. Impartiality and fair trial No access
      3. The tribunal’s powers with regard to procedural and evidential matters No access
      4. Determination of preliminary point of law No access
      5. Confidentiality No access
      6. The arbitral award No access
      7. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
      3. Relief by the tribunal or by the courts? No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Arbitration agreement and third persons or entities No access
  4. 1. Correction of award or additional award No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework No access
      2. Grounds for challenging arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Section 67: Lack of substantive jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Section 68: Serious irregularity No access
      5. Section 69: Appeal on point of law No access
      6. Separating section 68 and section 69 applications No access
    3. 1. Domestic and foreign awards under the section 66 procedure No access
      2. Invalidity of the alleged arbitration agreement (section 103(2)(b) AA 1996) No access
        Award set aside by the seat courts (section 103(2)(f) AA 1996) No access
        Violation of English public policy by recognizing and enforcing the award No access
      3. Fulfilment and set-off No access
      4. De minimis and waiver considerations No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
6. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms No access
    2. The guiding principles of arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to enter into arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. The scope of the arbitration agreement ratione personae No access
      2. The scope of the arbitration agreement ratione materiae No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and competence-competence No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose conflicts of interest No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, principle of fair trial and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and mandatory laws (lois de police) No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction, amendment and other means of redress of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Irregularity in the constitution of the arbitral tribunal No access
      5. Non-compliance by the arbitral tribunal with its mandate No access
      6. Violation of due process No access
      7. International public policy No access
    3. 1. General framework No access
      2. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
    4. Preclusion of grounds for challenge and defences to enforcement No access
7. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of German arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. Request for arbitration, statements of claim and defence, hearings, default No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Breach of the right to be heard No access
      5. Unlawful composition of the tribunal and other procedural errors No access
      6. Public policy No access
    3. 1. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      2. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
8. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of Hong Kong arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. 1. Correction No access
      2. Interpretation No access
      3. Additional award No access
      4. Others No access
    2. 1. Applications to set aside an arbitral award under section 81 No access
        Procedure No access
        Remedies No access
        Appeal against decision of Court No access
        Procedure No access
        Remedies No access
        Amended award No access
        Indemnity costs orders for unsuccessful challenges No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Unlawful composition of tribunal No access
        Inability to present case No access
        Incapacity of party or invalidity of arbitration agreement No access
      5. Public policy No access
      6. Subject matter not arbitrable No access
    3. 1. Non-Convention awards made overseas No access
      2. Convention awards No access
      3. Mainland awards No access
      4. Macao awards No access
      5. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      6. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
  5. 1. State immunity No access
    2. Crown immunity No access
    3. Conclusion No access
9. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of Indian arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
      5. Anti-suit injunctions No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Appointment of the arbitral tribunal No access
      2. Impartiality and independence of the arbitrator No access
      3. Grounds for challenge, procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and international cases No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal and procedural irregularities No access
      4. Public policy No access
    3. Enforcing arbitral awards No access
    4. Preclusion of grounds for challenge and defences to enforcement No access
10. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of Dutch arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Unlawful composition of the tribunal and other procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public Policy No access
    3. 1. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      2. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
11. 1. 1. Arbitrazh courts and arbitral tribunals No access
    2. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    3. The guiding principles of Russian arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Non-arbitrability of disputes connected with immovable property No access
        Non-arbitrability of corporate disputes No access
      4. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. The interpretation of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. The effect of the arbitration agreement and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Invalidity of arbitration agreement No access
      4. Violation of due process and absence of proper notice about the proceedings No access
      5. Lack of authority of the arbitral tribunal No access
      6. Unlawful composition of the tribunal and other procedural irregularities No access
      7. The non-arbitrability of the original dispute No access
      8. Public policy No access
    3. 1. General framework No access
      2. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      3. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
12. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and International Arbitrations No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and Institutional Arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR Mechanisms (Mediation, Expert Determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of Singapore arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before Singapore courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Unlawful composition of the tribunal and other procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public policy No access
    3. 1. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      2. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
13. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration, and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms No access
    2. The guiding principles of Spanish arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose conflicts of interest No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Parties’ right to defence and the principle of equality No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. 1. Choice of law and domestic cases No access
      2. Choice of law and international lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Composition of the tribunal and procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public policy No access
    3. 1. General framework No access
      2. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      3. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
14. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of Swedish arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for review of arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Non-arbitrable dispute No access
      4. Public policy No access
      5. Award not made in writing or not signed by the arbitrators No access
      6. Lack of valid arbitration agreement No access
      7. Expiration of the time limit and excess of mandate No access
      8. Arbitral proceedings should not have taken place in Sweden No access
  5. 1. Unauthorized arbitrator No access
    2. 1. Enforcing arbitral awards No access
    3. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
    4. 1. Preclusion of grounds for challenge and defences to enforcement No access
    5. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
    6. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
15. 1. 1. Switzerland’s position in international arbitration No access
    2. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    3. The guiding principles of Swiss international arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. The principle of Kompetenz-Kompetenz: Examination of jurisdiction by the arbitral tribunal No access
      2. Examination of jurisdiction by the state courts No access
      3. Parallel proceedings in particular No access
      4. Judicial review No access
      5. Burden of proof No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose conflicts of interest No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of arms and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Composition of the tribunal and procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public policy No access
    3. 1. General framework No access
      2. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      3. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
16. 1. 1. 1. Domestic and international arbitration No access
      2. Commercial and non-commercial arbitration No access
      3. Ad hoc and institutional arbitration No access
      4. The territoriality principle, the seat of the arbitration and the lex arbitri No access
      5. Arbitration and other ADR mechanisms (mediation, expert determination) No access
    2. The guiding principles of U.S. arbitration law No access
  2. 1. The doctrine of separability (severability) No access
    2. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement No access
    3. 1. Capacity to conclude arbitration agreements No access
      2. Arbitrability No access
      3. Form of the arbitration agreement No access
      4. Termination of the arbitration agreement No access
    4. 1. Personal scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      2. Substantive scope of the arbitration agreement No access
      3. Pathological arbitration clauses No access
    5. 1. Enforcing arbitration clauses and Kompetenz-Kompetenz No access
      2. Preclusion of jurisdictional defences No access
      3. Binding effect of state court decisions on jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
  3. 1. 1. Duty to disclose No access
      2. Grounds for challenge No access
      3. Procedural aspects and preclusion of grounds for challenge No access
      4. Failure or impossibility to act No access
    2. 1. The request for arbitration No access
      2. Equality of arms, fair trial principles and the right to be heard No access
      3. Confidentiality No access
      4. The arbitral award No access
      5. Termination of the arbitration without an award No access
      6. The costs of the arbitration No access
    3. Evidence, discovery, disclosure No access
    4. The law governing the dispute and lois de police No access
    5. 1. Interim relief before state courts No access
      2. Interim relief before the arbitral tribunal No access
    6. 1. Arbitration agreement involving several parties No access
      2. Equality of the parties and appointment of the arbitrators No access
  4. 1. Correction and amendment of arbitral awards No access
    2. 1. Procedural framework (time limits, competent court, appeal) No access
      2. Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards: An overview No access
      3. Lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal No access
      4. Unlawful composition of the tribunal and other procedural irregularities No access
      5. Public policy No access
    3. 1. Enforcement of awards that were set aside No access
      2. Fulfilment, set-off and similar defences No access
    4. 1. Preclusion due to failure to object in the arbitral proceedings No access
      2. Preclusion due to failure to bring a setting-aside application No access
Index No access Pages 694 - 703