United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Prof. Dr. Alexander Proelß

doi:10.5771/9783845258874

Summary

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) entered into force in 1994. Meanwhile it has been ratified by about 160 states, including all the Member states of the EU and the EU itself. The Convention defines the rights and duties of states with regard to the use of the seas. UNCLOS consolidates customary international law and various Conventions previously adopted by the international community. This Treaty, the most comprehensive ever concluded, is often referred to as “the constitution for the seas”. The Commentary employs a systematic methodology whereby each provision is examined and analysed element by element. The issue of the suitability of the Convention to deal with the challenges facing the modern law of the sea, such as the exploration and exploitation of non-mineral resources or the protection of the marine environment in general, occupies a central editorial focus of this work.The Commentary covers all major parts of the Convention:Part I. IntroductionPart II. Territorial sea and contiguous zonePart III. Straits used for international navigationPart IV. Archipelagic statesPart V. Exclusive economic zonePart VI. Continental shelfPart VII. High seasPart VIII. Regime of islandsPart IX. Enclosed or semi-enclosed seasPart X. Right of access of land locked states to and from the sea and freedom of transitPart XI. The areaPart XII. Protection and preservation of the marine environmentPart XIII. Marine scientific researchPart XIV. Development and transfer of marine technologyPart XV. Settlement of disputesPart XVI. General provisionsPart XVII. Final provisions

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2017
ISBN-Print: 978-3-8329-7275-2
ISBN-Online: 978-3-8452-5887-4
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos
Language: German
Pages: 2619
Product type: Comment

Titelei/InhaltsverzeichnisPages I - LII Download chapter (PDF)
Preamble No access Pages 2 - 18
1. . Use of terms and scope No access
1. 1. . Legal status of the territorial sea, of the air space over the territorial sea and of its bed and subsoil No access
2. 1. . Breadth of the territorial sea No access Pages 35 - 42
  2. . Outer limit of the territorial sea No access Pages 42 - 46
  3. . Normal baseline No access Pages 46 - 61
  4. . Reefs No access Pages 61 - 66
  5. . Straight baselines No access Pages 66 - 85
  6. . Internal waters No access Pages 85 - 97
  7. . Mouths of rivers No access Pages 97 - 106
  8. . Bays No access Pages 106 - 120
  9. . Ports No access Pages 120 - 129
  10. . Roadsteads No access Pages 129 - 132
  11. . Low-tide elevations No access Pages 132 - 148
  12. . Combination of methods for determining baselines No access Pages 148 - 150
  13. . Delimitation of the territorial sea between States with opposite or adjacent coasts No access Pages 150 - 168
  14. . Charts and lists of geographical coordinates No access Pages 168 - 177
3. 1. . Right of innocent passage No access Pages 177 - 182
  2. . Meaning of passage No access Pages 182 - 187
  3. . Meaning of innocent passage No access Pages 187 - 197
  4. . Submarines and other underwater vehicles No access Pages 197 - 200
  5. . Laws and regulations of the coastal State relating to innocent passage No access Pages 200 - 209
  6. . Sea lanes and traffic separation schemes in the territorial sea No access Pages 209 - 214
  7. . Foreign nuclear-powered ships and ships carrying nuclear or other inherently dangerous or noxious substances No access Pages 214 - 218
  8. . Duties of the coastal State No access Pages 218 - 223
  9. . Rights of protection of the coastal State No access Pages 223 - 227
  10. . Charges which may be levied on foreign ships No access Pages 227 - 230
  11. . Criminal jurisdiction on board a foreign ship No access Pages 230 - 238
  12. . Civil jurisdiction in relation to foreign ships No access Pages 238 - 242
  13. . Definition of warships No access Pages 242 - 245
  14. . Non-compliance by warships with the laws and regulations of the coastal State No access Pages 245 - 249
  15. . Responsibility of the flag State for damage caused by a warship or other government ship operated for non-commercial purposes No access Pages 249 - 251
  16. . Immunities of warships and other government ships operated for non-commercial purposes No access Pages 251 - 255
4. 1. . Contiguous zone No access
1. 1. . Legal status of waters forming straits used for international navigation No access Pages 273 - 277
  2. . Scope of this Part No access Pages 277 - 285
  3. . High seas routes or routes through exclusive economic zones through straits used for international navigation No access Pages 285 - 288
2. 1. . Scope of this section No access Pages 288 - 294
  2. . Right of transit passage No access Pages 294 - 301
  3. . Duties of ships and aircraft during transit passage No access Pages 301 - 306
  4. . Research and survey activities No access Pages 306 - 308
  5. . Sea lanes and traffic separation schemes in straits used for international navigation No access Pages 308 - 314
  6. . Laws and regulations of States bordering straits relating to transit passage No access Pages 314 - 321
  7. . Navigational and safety aids and other improvements and the prevention, reduction and control of pollution No access Pages 321 - 325
  8. . Duties of States bordering straits No access Pages 325 - 328
3. 1. . Innocent passage No access
1. . Use of terms No access Pages 335 - 353
2. . Archipelagic baselines No access Pages 353 - 375
3. . Measurement of the breadth of the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf No access Pages 375 - 377
4. . Legal status of archipelagic waters, of the air space over archipelagic waters and of their bed and subsoil No access Pages 377 - 380
5. . Delimitation of internal waters No access Pages 380 - 383
6. . Existing agreements, traditional fishing rights and existing submarine cables No access Pages 383 - 390
7. . Right of innocent passage No access Pages 390 - 394
8. . Right of archipelagic sea lanes passage No access Pages 394 - 405
9. Duties of ships and aircraft during their passage, research and survey activities, duties of the archipelagic State and laws and regulations of the archipelagic State relating to archipelagic sea lan... No access Pages 405 - 409
1. . Specific legal regime of the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 409 - 419
2. . Rights, jurisdiction and duties of the coastal State in the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 419 - 438
3. . Breadth of the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 438 - 445
4. . Rights and duties of other States in the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 445 - 459
5. . Basis for the resolution of conflicts regarding the attribution of rights and jurisdiction in the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 459 - 465
6. . Artificial islands, installations and structures in the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 465 - 481
7. . Conservation of the living resources No access Pages 481 - 494
8. . Utilization of the living resources No access Pages 494 - 507
9. . Stocks occurring within the exclusive economic zones of two or more coastal States or both within the exclusive economic zone and in an area beyond and adjacent to it No access Pages 507 - 514
10. . Highly migratory species No access Pages 514 - 520
11. . Marine mammals No access Pages 520 - 528
12. . Anadromous stocks No access Pages 528 - 537
13. . Catadromous species No access Pages 537 - 541
14. . Sedentary species No access Pages 541 - 544
15. . Right of land-locked States No access Pages 544 - 549
16. . Right of geographically disadvantaged States No access Pages 549 - 553
17. . Non-applicability of articles 69 and 70 No access Pages 553 - 555
18. . Restrictions on transfer of rights No access Pages 555 - 557
19. . Enforcement of laws and regulations of the coastal State No access Pages 557 - 564
20. . Delimitation of the exclusive economic zone between States with opposite or adjacent coasts No access Pages 564 - 584
21. . Charts and lists of geographical coordinates No access Pages 584 - 588
1. . Definition of the continental shelf No access
1. . Rights of the coastal State over the continental shelf No access Pages 601 - 615
2. . Legal status of the superjacent waters and air space and the rights and freedoms of other States No access Pages 615 - 619
3. . Submarine cables and pipelines on the continental shelf No access Pages 619 - 629
4. . Artificial islands, installations and structures on the continental shelf No access Pages 629 - 635
5. . Drilling on the Continental Shelf No access Pages 635 - 640
6. . Payments and contributions with respect to the exploitation of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles No access Pages 640 - 652
7. . Delimitation of the continental shelf between States with opposite or adjacent coasts No access Pages 652 - 667
8. . Charts and lists of geographical coordinates No access Pages 667 - 671
9. . Tunnelling No access Pages 671 - 676
1. 1. . Application of the provisions of this Part No access Pages 676 - 679
  2. . Freedom of the high seas No access Pages 679 - 683
  3. . Reservation of the high seas for peaceful purposes No access Pages 683 - 688
  4. . Invalidity of claims of sovereignty over the high seas No access Pages 688 - 691
  5. . Right of navigation No access Pages 691 - 693
  6. . Nationality of Ships No access Pages 693 - 701
  7. . Status of ships No access Pages 701 - 705
  8. . Ships flying the flag of the United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency No access Pages 705 - 708
  9. . Duties of the flag State No access Pages 708 - 715
  10. . Immunity of warships on the high seas No access Pages 715 - 717
  11. . Immunity of ships used only on government non-commercial service No access Pages 717 - 722
  12. . Penal jurisdiction in matters of collision or any other incident of navigation No access Pages 722 - 726
  13. . Duty to render assistance No access Pages 726 - 731
  14. . Prohibition of the transport of slaves No access Pages 731 - 734
  15. . Duty to cooperate in the repression of piracy No access Pages 734 - 738
  16. . Definition of piracy No access Pages 738 - 745
  17. . Piracy by a warship, government ship or government aircraft whose crew has mutinied No access Pages 745 - 747
  18. . Definition of a pirate ship or aircraft No access Pages 747 - 748
  19. . Retention or loss of the nationality of a pirate ship or aircraft No access Pages 748 - 750
  20. . Seizure of a pirate ship or aircraft No access Pages 750 - 754
  21. . Liability for seizure without adequate grounds No access Pages 754 - 756
  22. . Ships and aircraft which are entitled to seize on account of piracy No access Pages 756 - 760
  23. . Illicit traffic in narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances No access Pages 760 - 764
  24. . Unauthorized broadcasting from the high seas No access Pages 764 - 768
  25. . Right of visit No access Pages 768 - 773
  26. . Right of hot pursuit No access Pages 773 - 780
  27. . Right to lay submarine cables and pipelines No access Pages 780 - 783
  28. . Breaking or injury of a submarine cable or pipeline No access Pages 783 - 786
  29. . Breaking or injury by owners of a submarine cable or pipeline of another submarine cable or pipeline No access Pages 786 - 789
  30. . Indemnity for loss incurred in avoiding injury to a submarine cable or pipeline No access Pages 789 - 792
2. 1. . Right to fish on the high seas No access Pages 792 - 804
  2. . Duty of States to adopt with respect to their nationals measures for the conservation of the living resources of the high seas No access Pages 804 - 818
  3. . Cooperation of States in the conservation and management of living resources No access Pages 818 - 831
  4. . Conservation of the living resources of the high seas No access Pages 831 - 851
  5. . Marine mammals No access Pages 851 - 859
1. . Regime of islands No access
1. . Definition No access Pages 882 - 887
2. . Cooperation of States bordering enclosed or semi-enclosed seas No access Pages 887 - 894
1. . Use of Terms No access Pages 894 - 899
2. . Right of access to and from the sea and freedom of transit No access Pages 899 - 912
3. . Exclusion of application of the most-favoured-nation clause No access Pages 912 - 917
4. . Customs duties, taxes and other charges No access Pages 917 - 921
5. . Free zones and other customs facilities No access Pages 921 - 925
6. . Cooperation in the construction and improvement of means of transport No access Pages 925 - 928
7. . Measures to avoid or eliminate delays or other difficulties of a technical nature in traffic in transit No access Pages 928 - 930
8. . Equal treatment in maritime ports No access Pages 930 - 934
9. . Grant of greater transit facilities No access Pages 934 - 937
1. 1. . Use of terms No access Pages 937 - 944
  2. . Scope of this Part No access Pages 944 - 947
  3. . Legal status of the superjacent waters and air space No access Pages 947 - 950
2. 1. . Common heritage of mankind No access Pages 950 - 958
  2. . Legal status of the Area and its resources No access Pages 958 - 965
  3. . General conduct of States in relation to the Area No access Pages 965 - 969
  4. . Responsibility to ensure compliance and liability for damage No access Pages 969 - 977
  5. . Benefit of mankind No access Pages 977 - 983
  6. . Use of the Area exclusively for peaceful purposes No access Pages 983 - 987
  7. . Rights and legitimate interests of coastal States No access Pages 987 - 990
  8. . Marine scientific research No access Pages 990 - 1003
  9. . Transfer of technology No access Pages 1003 - 1008
  10. . Protection of the marine environment No access Pages 1008 - 1029
  11. . Protection of human life No access Pages 1029 - 1036
  12. . Accommodation of activities in the Area and in the marine environment No access Pages 1036 - 1047
  13. . Participation of developing States in activities in the Area No access Pages 1047 - 1053
  14. . Archaeological and historical objects No access Pages 1053 - 1059
3. 1. . Policies relating to activities in the Area No access Pages 1059 - 1067
  2. . Production policies No access Pages 1067 - 1075
  3. . Exercise of powers and functions by the Authority No access Pages 1075 - 1081
  4. . System of exploration and exploitation No access Pages 1081 - 1090
  5. . Periodic Review No access Pages 1090 - 1093
  6. . The Review Conference No access Pages 1093 - 1098
4. 1. . Establishment of the Authority No access Pages 1098 - 1108
  2. . Nature and fundamental principles of the Authority No access Pages 1108 - 1116
  3. . Organs of the Authority No access Pages 1116 - 1123
  4. . Composition, procedure and voting No access Pages 1123 - 1133
  5. . Powers and functions No access Pages 1133 - 1149
  6. . Composition, procedure and voting No access Pages 1149 - 1158
  7. . Powers and functions No access Pages 1158 - 1170
  8. . Organs of the Council No access Pages 1170 - 1175
  9. . The Economic Planning Commission No access Pages 1175 - 1179
  10. . The Legal and Technical Commission No access Pages 1179 - 1188
  11. . The Secretariat No access Pages 1188 - 1192
  12. . The staff of the Authority No access Pages 1192 - 1199
  13. . International character of the Secretariat No access Pages 1199 - 1206
  14. . Consultation and cooperation with international and non-governmental organizations No access Pages 1206 - 1211
  15. . The Enterprise No access Pages 1211 - 1217
  16. . Funds of the Authority No access Pages 1217 - 1221
  17. . Annual budget of the Authority No access Pages 1221 - 1223
  18. . Expenses of the Authority No access Pages 1223 - 1225
  19. . Borrowing power of the Authority No access Pages 1225 - 1227
  20. . Annual audit No access Pages 1227 - 1229
  21. . Legal status No access Pages 1229 - 1233
  22. . Privileges and immunities No access Pages 1233 - 1237
  23. . Immunity from legal process No access Pages 1237 - 1239
  24. . Immunity from search and any form of seizure No access Pages 1239 - 1241
  25. . Exemption from restrictions, regulations, controls and moratoria No access Pages 1241 - 1242
  26. . Archives and official communications of the Authority No access Pages 1242 - 1245
  27. . Privileges and immunities of certain persons connected with the Authority No access Pages 1245 - 1247
  28. . Exemption from taxes and customs duties No access Pages 1247 - 1249
  29. . Suspension of the exercise of voting rights No access Pages 1249 - 1250
  30. . Suspension of exercise of rights and privileges of membership No access Pages 1250 - 1251
5. 1. . Sea-Bed Disputes Chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea No access Pages 1251 - 1255
  2. . Jurisdiction of the Seabed Disputes Chamber No access Pages 1255 - 1262
  3. . Submission of disputes to a special chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea or an ad hoc chamber of the Seabed Disputes Chamber or to binding commercial arbitration No access Pages 1262 - 1267
  4. . Limitation on jurisdiction with regard to decisions of the Authority No access Pages 1267 - 1272
  5. . Participation and appearance of sponsoring States Parties in proceedings No access Pages 1272 - 1275
  6. . Advisory opinions No access Pages 1275 - 1278
1. 1. . General obligation No access Pages 1278 - 1288
  2. . Sovereign right of States to exploit their natural resources No access Pages 1288 - 1296
  3. . Measures to prevent, reduce and control pollution of the marine environment No access Pages 1296 - 1316
  4. . Duty not to transfer damage or hazards or transform one type of pollution into another No access Pages 1316 - 1320
  5. . Use of technologies or introduction of alien or new species No access Pages 1320 - 1329
2. 1. . Cooperation on a global or regional basis No access Pages 1329 - 1334
  2. . Notification of imminent or actual damage No access Pages 1334 - 1339
  3. . Contingency plans against pollution No access Pages 1339 - 1342
  4. . Studies, research programmes and exchange of information and data No access Pages 1342 - 1345
  5. . Scientific criteria for regulations No access Pages 1345 - 1347
3. 1. . Scientific and technical assistance to developing States No access Pages 1347 - 1353
  2. . Preferential treatment for developing States No access Pages 1353 - 1357
4. 1. . Monitoring of the risks or effects of pollution No access Pages 1357 - 1365
  2. . Publication of reports No access Pages 1365 - 1370
  3. . Assessment of potential effects of activities No access Pages 1370 - 1379
5. 1. . Pollution from land-based sources No access Pages 1379 - 1392
  2. . Pollution from seabed activities subject to national jurisdiction No access Pages 1392 - 1401
  3. . Pollution from activities in the Area No access Pages 1401 - 1408
  4. . Pollution by dumping No access Pages 1408 - 1420
  5. . Pollution from vessels No access Pages 1420 - 1444
  6. . Pollution from or through the atmosphere No access Pages 1444 - 1452
6. 1. . Enforcement with respect to pollution from land-based sources No access Pages 1452 - 1459
  2. . Enforcement with respect to pollution from seabed activities No access Pages 1459 - 1464
  3. . Enforcement with respect to pollution from activities in the Area No access Pages 1464 - 1468
  4. . Enforcement with respect to pollution by dumping No access Pages 1468 - 1475
  5. . Enforcement by flag States No access Pages 1475 - 1488
  6. . Enforcement by port States No access Pages 1488 - 1497
  7. . Measures relating to seaworthiness of vessels to avoid pollution No access Pages 1497 - 1506
  8. . Enforcement by coastal States No access Pages 1506 - 1513
  9. . Measures to avoid pollution arising from maritime casualties No access Pages 1513 - 1522
  10. . Enforcement with respect to pollution from or through the atmosphere No access Pages 1522 - 1528
7. 1. . Measures to facilitate proceedings No access Pages 1528 - 1532
  2. . Exercise of powers of enforcement No access Pages 1532 - 1535
  3. . Duty to avoid adverse consequences in the exercise of the powers of enforcement No access Pages 1535 - 1538
  4. . Investigation of foreign vessels No access Pages 1538 - 1545
  5. . Non-discrimination with respect to foreign vessels No access Pages 1545 - 1548
  6. . Suspension and restrictions on institution of proceedings No access Pages 1548 - 1553
  7. . Institution of civil proceedings No access Pages 1553 - 1555
  8. . Monetary penalties and the observance of recognized rights of the accused No access Pages 1555 - 1558
  9. . Notification to the flag State and other States concerned No access Pages 1558 - 1562
  10. . Liability of States arising from enforcement measures No access Pages 1562 - 1564
  11. . Safeguards with respect to straits used for international navigation No access Pages 1564 - 1567
8. 1. . Ice-covered areas No access
9. 1. . Responsibility and liability No access
10. 1. . Sovereign immunity No access
11. 1. . Obligations under other conventions on the protection and preservation of the marine environment No access
1. 1. . Right to conduct marine scientific research No access Pages 1606 - 1615
  2. . Promotion of marine scientific research No access Pages 1615 - 1618
  3. . General principles for the conduct of marine scientific research No access Pages 1618 - 1625
  4. . Non-recognition of marine scientific research activities as the legal basis for claims No access Pages 1625 - 1631
2. 1. . Promotion of international cooperation No access Pages 1631 - 1637
  2. . Creation of favourable conditions No access Pages 1637 - 1640
  3. . Publication and dissemination of information and knowledge No access Pages 1640 - 1644
3. 1. . Marine scientific research in the territorial sea No access Pages 1644 - 1650
  2. . Marine scientific research in the exclusive economic zone and on the continental shelf No access Pages 1650 - 1665
  3. . Marine scientific research projects undertaken by or under the auspices of international organizations No access Pages 1665 - 1674
  4. . Duty to provide information to the coastal State No access Pages 1674 - 1680
  5. . Duty to comply with certain conditions No access Pages 1680 - 1691
  6. . Communications concerning marine scientific research projects No access Pages 1691 - 1694
  7. . General criteria and guidelines No access Pages 1694 - 1697
  8. . Implied consent No access Pages 1697 - 1701
  9. . Suspension or cessation of marine scientific research activities No access Pages 1701 - 1708
  10. . Rights of neighbouring land-locked and geographically disadvantaged States No access Pages 1708 - 1714
  11. . Measures to facilitate marine scientific research and assist research vessels No access Pages 1714 - 1718
  12. . Marine scientific research in the Area No access Pages 1718 - 1726
  13. . Marine scientific research in the water column beyond the exclusive economic zone No access Pages 1726 - 1732
4. 1. . Deployment and use No access Pages 1732 - 1739
  2. . Legal status No access Pages 1739 - 1741
  3. . Safety zones No access Pages 1741 - 1745
  4. . Non-interference with shipping routes No access Pages 1745 - 1747
  5. . Identification markings and warning signals No access Pages 1747 - 1750
5. 1. . Responsibility and liability No access
6. 1. . Settlement of disputes No access Pages 1758 - 1762
  2. . Interim measures No access Pages 1762 - 1765
1. 1. . Promotion of the development and transfer of marine technology No access Pages 1765 - 1775
  2. . Protection of legitimate interests No access Pages 1775 - 1779
  3. . Basic objectives No access Pages 1779 - 1784
  4. . Measures to achieve the basic objectives No access Pages 1784 - 1789
2. 1. . Ways and means of international cooperation No access Pages 1789 - 1792
  2. . Guidelines, criteria and standards No access Pages 1792 - 1794
  3. . Coordination of international programmes No access Pages 1794 - 1797
  4. . Cooperation with international organizations and the Authority No access Pages 1797 - 1798
  5. . Objectives of the Authority No access Pages 1798 - 1802
3. 1. . Establishment of national centres No access Pages 1802 - 1804
  2. . Establishment of regional centres No access Pages 1804 - 1807
  3. . Functions of regional centres No access Pages 1807 - 1808
4. . Cooperation among international organizations Article 278. Cooperation among international organizations No access Pages 1808 - 1814
1. 1. . Obligation to settle disputes by peaceful means No access Pages 1814 - 1818
  2. . Settlement of disputes by any peaceful means chosen by the parties No access Pages 1818 - 1821
  3. . Procedure where no settlement has been reached by the parties No access Pages 1821 - 1826
  4. . Obligations under general, regional or bilateral agreements No access Pages 1826 - 1831
  5. . Obligation to exchange views No access Pages 1831 - 1839
  6. . Conciliation No access Pages 1839 - 1842
  7. . Application of this section to disputes submitted pursuant to Part XI No access Pages 1842 - 1845
2. 1. . Application of procedures under this section No access Pages 1845 - 1850
  2. . Choice of procedure No access Pages 1850 - 1858
  3. . Jurisdiction No access Pages 1858 - 1864
  4. . Experts No access Pages 1864 - 1867
  5. . Provisional measures No access Pages 1867 - 1879
  6. . Access No access Pages 1879 - 1882
  7. . Prompt release of vessels and crews No access Pages 1882 - 1894
  8. . Applicable law No access Pages 1894 - 1897
  9. . Preliminary proceedings No access Pages 1897 - 1901
  10. . Exhaustion of local remedies No access Pages 1901 - 1905
  11. . Finality and binding force of decisions No access Pages 1905 - 1908
3. 1. . Limitations on applicability of section 2 No access Pages 1908 - 1920
  2. . Optional exceptions to applicability of section 2 No access Pages 1920 - 1934
  3. . Right of the parties to agree upon a procedure No access Pages 1934 - 1938
1. . Good faith and abuse of rights No access Pages 1938 - 1944
2. . Peaceful uses of the seas No access Pages 1944 - 1948
3. . Disclosure of information No access Pages 1948 - 1951
4. . Archaeological and historical objects found at sea No access Pages 1951 - 1962
5. . Responsibility and liability for damage No access Pages 1962 - 1969
1. . Signature No access Pages 1969 - 1980
2. . Ratification and formal confirmation No access Pages 1980 - 1984
3. . Accession No access Pages 1984 - 1986
4. . Entry into force No access Pages 1986 - 1993
5. . Reservations and exceptions No access Pages 1993 - 2002
6. . Declarations and Statements No access Pages 2002 - 2010
7. . Relation to other conventions and international agreements No access Pages 2010 - 2020
8. . Amendment No access Pages 2020 - 2024
9. . Amendment by simplified procedure No access Pages 2024 - 2026
10. . Amendments to the provisions of this Convention relating exclusively to activities in the Area No access Pages 2026 - 2029
11. . Signature, ratification of, accession to and authentic texts of amendments No access Pages 2029 - 2031
12. . Entry into force of amendments No access Pages 2031 - 2034
13. . Denunciation No access Pages 2034 - 2038
14. . Status of Annexes No access Pages 2038 - 2040
15. . Depositary No access Pages 2040 - 2045
16. . Authentic texts No access Pages 2045 - 2050
ANNEX I HIGHLY MIGRATORY SPECIES No access Pages 2050 - 2068
1. No access
2. No access
3. No access
4. No access
5. No access
6. No access
7. No access
8. No access
9. No access
1. . Title to minerals No access
2. . Prospecting No access
3. . Exploration and exploitation No access
4. . Qualifications of applicants No access
5. . Transfer of technology No access
6. . Approval of plans of work No access
7. . Selection among applicants for production authorizations No access
8. . Reservation of areas No access
9. . Activities in reserved areas No access
10. . Preference and priority among applicants No access
11. . Joint arrangements No access
12. . Activities carried out by the Enterprise No access
13. . Financial terms of contracts No access
14. . Transfer of data No access
15. . Training programmes No access
16. . Exclusive right to explore and exploit No access
17. . Rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority No access
18. . Penalties No access
19. . Revision of contract No access
20. . Transfer of rights and obligations No access
21. . Applicable law No access
22. . Responsibility No access
1. . Purposes No access
2. . Relationship to the Authority No access
3. . Limitation of liability No access
4. . Structure No access
5. . Governing Board No access
6. . Powers and functions of the Governing Board No access
7. . Director-General and staff of the Enterprise No access
8. . Location No access
9. . Reports and financial statements No access
10. . Allocation of net income No access
11. . Finances No access
12. . Operations No access
13. . Legal status, privileges and immunities No access
1. 1. . Institution of proceedings No access
  2. . List of conciliators No access
  3. . Constitution of conciliation commission No access
  4. . Procedure No access
  5. . Amicable settlement No access
  6. . Functions of the commission No access
  7. . Report No access
  8. . Termination No access
  9. . Fees and expenses No access
  10. . Right of parties to modify procedure No access
2. 1. . Institution of proceedings No access
  2. . Failure to reply or to submit to conciliation No access
  3. . Competence No access
  4. . Application of section 1 No access
1. . General provisions No access
2. 1. . Composition No access
  2. . Membership No access
  3. . Nominations and elections No access
  4. . Term of office No access
  5. . Vacancies No access
  6. . Incompatible activities No access
  7. . Conditions relating to participation of members in a particular case No access
  8. . Consequence of ceasing to fulfil required conditions No access
  9. . Privileges and immunities No access
  10. . Solemn declaration by members No access
  11. . President, Vice-President and Registrar No access
  12. . Quorum No access
  13. . Seabed Disputes Chamber No access
  14. . Special chambers No access
  15. . Rules of the Tribunal No access
  16. . Nationality of members No access
  17. . Remuneration of members No access
  18. . Expenses of the Tribunal No access
3. 1. . Access to the Tribunal No access
  2. . Jurisdiction No access
  3. . Reference of disputes subject to other agreements No access
  4. . Applicable law No access
4. 1. . Institution of proceedings No access
  2. . Provisional measures No access
  3. . Hearing No access
  4. . Conduct of case No access
  5. . Default No access
  6. . Majority for decision No access
  7. . Judgment No access
  8. . Request to intervene No access
  9. . Right to intervene in cases of interpretation or application No access
  10. . Finality and binding force of decisions No access
  11. . Costs No access
5. 1. . Composition No access
  2. . Ad hoc chambers No access
  3. . Access No access
  4. . Applicable law No access
  5. . Enforcement of decisions of the Chamber No access
  6. . Applicability of other sections of this Annex No access
6. 1. . Amendments No access
1. . Institution of proceedings No access
2. . List of arbitrators No access
3. . Constitution of arbitral tribunal No access
4. . Functions of arbitral tribunal No access
5. . Procedure No access
6. . Duties of parties to a dispute No access
7. . Expenses No access
8. . Required majority for decisions No access
9. . Default of appearance No access
10. . Award No access
11. . Finality of award No access
12. . Interpretation or implementation of award No access
13. . Application to entities other than States Parties No access
1. . Institution of proceedings No access Pages 2492 - 2499
2. . Lists of experts No access Pages 2499 - 2503
3. . Constitution of special arbitral tribunal No access Pages 2503 - 2506
4. . General provisions No access Pages 2506 - 2509
5. . Fact finding No access Pages 2509 - 2513
1. . Use of terms No access Pages 2513 - 2518
2. . Signature No access Pages 2518 - 2523
3. . Formal confirmation and accession No access Pages 2523 - 2528
4. . Extent of participation and rights and obligations No access Pages 2528 - 2533
5. . Declarations, notifications and communications No access Pages 2533 - 2541
6. . Responsibility and liability No access Pages 2541 - 2545
7. . Settlement of disputes No access Pages 2545 - 2551
8. . Applicability of Part XVII No access Pages 2551 - 2554
Index No access Pages 2554 - 2619