Neutral Beyond the Cold

Pascal Lottaz; Heinz Gärtner; Herbert R. Reginbogin

doi:10.5771/9781666901672

Summary

The collapse of the Soviet Union and the wars in Yugoslavia radically changed the security environment in Europe and Central Asia. Some predictions assumed the emerging unipolarity of the liberal world order would end neutrality policies in East and West, but, as this volume shows, this was not the case. While some traditional Cold War neutrals like Sweden and Finland have been edging closer to security alignment with western institutions, there are others like Austria, Switzerland, Ireland, and Malta that remained committed to their traditional nonaligned foreign policy approaches. More importantly, there are areas of Eurasia that developed new forms of neutrality policies, most of them only noticed on the margins of academic discourse. This is the first book to systematically explore this “new neutralism” of the Post-Cold War. In part one, the book analyzes contemporary neutrality discourse on several levels like international organizations (UN, ASEAN), diplomacy, and academic theory. Part two discusses neutrality-related policy developments in Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine, Georgia, Serbia, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Mongolia. Together, the 15 chapters show how on this vast, connected landmass references to neutrality have remained a staple of international politics.

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Bibliographic data

Copyright year: 2022
ISBN-Print: 978-1-6669-0166-5
ISBN-Online: 978-1-6669-0167-2
Publisher: Lexington, Lanham
Language: English
Pages: 310
Product type: Edited Book

1. Contents No access
2. Acknowledgments No access
3. 1. Notes No access
  2. Selected Bibliography No access
1. 1. Geopolitics and Neutrality No access
  2. Neutrality until the End of the Cold War No access
  3. Critical Geopolitics and Neutrality No access
  4. Neutrality in a Post-liberal World No access
  5. Conclusions No access
  6. Notes No access
  7. Selected Bibliography No access
2. 1. Theories of Small State Strategies to Maintain Autonomy No access
  2. The Case for Neutrality and Nonalignment No access
  3. 1. Smart State Strategy No access
    2. Neutrality and Status Seeking No access
  4. Conclusion No access
  5. Notes No access
  6. Selected Bibliography No access
3. 1. Thirty Years of Not Listening No access
  2. In Retrospect No access
  3. Blindsided by Power Politics No access
  4. Ukraine and In-Between States Centerpiece of US/NATO–Russian Crisis No access
  5. Conclusion No access
  6. Notes No access
  7. Selected Bibliography No access
4. 1. 1. 1. Multiple Interpretations of Neutrality No access
      2. Guiding Principles and Areas of Conflict No access
      3. Neutrality Policy and Intervention No access
  2. 1. International Organizations and the Prohibition of Military Force No access
    2. 1. Bridge Builder No access
    3. 1. Paradigm Shift No access
      2. Without Neutrality Clause No access
      3. Military Dynamics after 2016 No access
      4. Unused Opportunities No access
      5. Civilian Core—Civilian PESCO No access
      6. What Security? No access
    4. 1. Military Personnel Dominance No access
      2. Peace Policy Proposal No access
    5. Humanitarian Disarmament No access
  3. Conclusion: The Compass of Neutrality No access
  4. Notes No access
  5. Selected Bibliography No access
5. 1. Editor’s Note No access
  2. Eva Nowotny on Neutrality No access
  3. Peter Jankowitsch on the Nonaligned Movement No access
  4. Notes No access
  5. Selected Bibliography No access
6. 1. Introduction No access
  2. Neutrality and the UN Charter No access
  3. The Evolution of Peacekeeping No access
  4. Neutrality and the International Civil Service: Dag Hammarskjöld No access
  5. Neutral Countries in the United Nations: Sweden, Austria, and Switzerland No access
  6. Different Interpretations of Neutrality No access
  7. UN Peacekeeping and Neutrality No access
  8. Agenda for Peace and Subsequent Reports No access
  9. The UN Examines Peacekeeping Concepts, Including Impartiality No access
  10. Preventive Diplomacy No access
  11. International Day of Neutrality No access
  12. Conclusion No access
  13. Notes No access
  14. Selected Bibliography No access
7. 1. Introduction No access
  2. ZOPFAN, ASEAN Neutrality, and Assessments of Success No access
  3. 1. ASEAN, Neutral or Nonaligned? No access
  4. Reconceptualizing ASEAN Neutrality No access
  5. Conclusion No access
  6. Notes No access
  7. Selected Bibliography No access
1. 1. Political Developments since 1991 No access
  2. Neutrality-Talk No access
  3. Neutrality Walk No access
  4. 1. But is It Neutrality? No access
  5. Conclusion No access
  6. Notes No access
  7. Selected Bibliography No access
2. 1. The USSR and Neutrality No access
  2. The History of the Moldovan Soviet Republics, 1920–1970 No access
  3. The End of the MSSR, the Transnistria War, and the Downfall of Unionism, 1989–1993 No access
  4. The Regional Context: Eastern Germany and Romania Prevent NATO’s Expansion while Belarus and Ukraine Consider Neutrality, 1990–1994 No access
  5. Post-Soviet Neutrality, 1994–2021: Missing Concepts, Paradoxical Practices, and Uneven Outcomes No access
  6. Notes No access
  7. Selected Bibliography No access
3. 1. Introduction No access
  2. 1. The Continuing Relevance of Neutrality15 No access
    2. From Insecurity toward Common European Security; Neutrality as a Problem-Solving Model for Ukraine and Beyond No access
  3. 1. 1. Lesson 1: Removing External Pressure and Restoring Sovereignty No access
      2. Lesson 2: Strengthening National Identity No access
      3. Lesson 3: Engaged Neutrality—A Strategic Foreign Policy No access
      4. Lesson 4: Room for Political Manoeuvre No access
      5. Lesson 5: The Minority Rights Issue No access
    2. A Neutral Ukraine No access
    3. A Neutral and Resilient Ukraine No access
  4. Conclusion No access
  5. Notes No access
  6. Selected Bibliography No access
4. 1. Introduction No access
  2. Georgia’s European and Euro-Atlantic Integration No access
  3. Georgia’s Transatlantic Aspirations vs. Reality No access
  4. Neutrality as an Alternative to Georgia’s NATO Membership No access
  5. 1. Neutrality as an Ever-Relevant Concept No access
  6. Austria’s Experience with Neutrality No access
  7. A Neutral Georgia No access
  8. Conclusion No access
  9. Notes No access
  10. Selected Bibliography No access
5. 1. Introduction No access
  2. 1. 1. Why December 2007? No access
    2. 1. International Impacts No access
  3. Conclusion No access
  4. Notes No access
  5. Selected Bibliography No access
6. 1. Going Neutral: Foreign Policy and Authoritarianism in the Early Post-Soviet Era No access
  2. Staying Neutral: Foreign Policy and Isolation in Post-Soviet Turkmenistan No access
  3. Foreign Policy and Regime Propaganda: Neutrality as a Nation-Building Narrative No access
  4. Concluding Remarks No access
  5. Notes No access
  6. Selected Bibliography No access
7. 1. 1. 1. Independent Foreign Policy and Search for Allies No access
      2. Return to Neutrality and Keeping the Balance No access
      3. From Neutrality to Neutralism and Nonalignment No access
      4. Attitude toward Neutrality during the Hamid Karzai Presidency No access
      5. President Ashraf Ghani’s Late Detour to Neutrality No access
  2. 1. 1. Balance of Power and Military Stalemate No access
      2. Agreements of Neighboring States and Great Powers No access
    2. 1. Economic and Military Capabilities No access
      2. Fixed and Agreed Borders No access
      3. Absence of Violent Trans-border Non-state Actors No access
      4. Cultural and Ideological Outlook toward Permanent Neutrality No access
  3. Conclusion No access
  4. Notes No access
  5. Selected Bibliography No access
8. 1. 1. Outer Mongolia No access
    2. The Mongolian People’s Republic No access
    3. 1. The Third Neighbor Policy No access
      2. Becoming a Single State Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone No access
  2. Conclusion No access
  3. Notes No access
  4. Selected Bibliography No access
Index No access Pages 293 - 306
About the Contributors No access Pages 307 - 310