Hungarian Yearbook of International Law and European Law 2024

Prof. Dr. Marcel Szabó; Assoc.-Prof. Dr. Laura Gyeney; Prof. Dr. Petra Lea Láncos

doi:10.5771/9783748946526

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Copyright year: 2024
ISBN-Print: 978-3-7560-0997-8
ISBN-Online: 978-3-7489-4652-6
Publisher: Nomos, Baden-Baden
Series: Hungarian Yearbook of International Law and European Law
Volume: 12
Language: English
Pages: 684
Product type: Edited Book

Titelei/InhaltsverzeichnisPages 1 - 10 Download chapter (PDF)
1. Foreword to Vol. 12 (2024) of the Hungarian Yearbook of International Law and European Law Download chapter (PDF)
1. Balázs Tárnok Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 2. Rotating Presidency of the Council of the European Union
  3. 3. The 2011 Hungarian EU Presidency
  4. 1. 4.1. Institutional Cycle Change
    2. 4.2. Geopolitical Context
  5. 1. 5.1. Strengthening Competitiveness
    2. 5.2. Addressing Demographic Challenges
    3. 5.3. Promoting the Enlargement Process and the EU–Western Balkans Summit in Hungary
    4. 5.4. Shaping the Future of Cohesion Policy
    5. 5.5. Strengthening European Defence Policy
    6. 5.6. Combating Irregular Migration with a Special Focus on the External Dimension
    7. 5.7. A Farmer-Centered EU Agricultural Policy
    8. 5.8. Other Tasks and Duties
  6. 6. Conclusion
2. Miklós Zolán, Réka Somssich Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 1. 2.1. VAT Cases Concerning ‘The Paid Consideration Condition’ and the Compensation Due for Withholding Excess VAT
      2. 2.2. Cases Relating to the Cancellation of Usufruct Rights over Agricultural Land
      3. 2.3. Cases Relating to Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts
      4. 2.4. Cases Concerning the Cross-border Transfer of Seat or Conversion
      5. 2.5. Gambling Cases Concerning the Prohibition of Slot Machines in Amusement Arcades
    3. 3. Conclusions
3. Judit Szabó Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 1. 2.1.1. The Vajnai Case
        2.1.2. The Balázs-Papp Case
        2.1.3. The KI Case
        2.1.4. Conclusions
      2. 2.2.1. The Katz Case
        2.2.2. The Eredics Case
        2.2.3. The Balogh Case
        2.2.4. The Lada Case
        2.2.5. The IS Case
        2.2.6. The LU Case
        2.2.7. The Alstom Case
        2.2.8. Conclusions
    3. 1. 3.1. The Bob-Dogi Case
      2. 3.2. The Aranyosi-Caldařařu Case
    4. 4. Conclusion
4. Gábor Kecskés Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. The Origins of EU Environmental Law and Liability Regulation
    2. 2. Environmental Liability in the EU – The Directive 2004/35/EC
    3. 3. Transposition of the Directive in Hungary
    4. 4. Review of the Directive
    5. 5. Conclusion
5. László Szegedi, Bálint Teleki Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 1. 2.1. The Evolution of the EBU
      2. 2.2. The Old and New Actors of the EBU
      3. 2.3. The New Rules of the EU-level Resolution Regime
    3. 1. 3.1. The Veneto Paradox – Still Territorially Segmented Resolution?
      2. 3.2. The ABLV Decision – Nobody’s Baby?
      3. 3.3. The Hungarian MKB Case – Another Case of Banking Nationalism or Preventive Resolution Planning?
    4. 4. Conclusions – Perfect Time to Celebrate or to Evaluate?
1. Zsolt Bujtár Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introductory Thoughts
  2. 1. 2.1. Definition of Digital Banknotes
    2. 2.2. The Importance of Central Bank Digital Currency
  3. 1. 3.1. The Monetary Policy Risks of Introducing Central Bank Digital Currency
    2. 3.2. The Social Risks of Introducing Central Bank Digital Currency
  4. 1. 4.1. Pre-types of CBDC
    2. 4.2. Possible Forms of CBDC Implementation
  5. 1. 5.1. Legal Options for the Introduction of CBDC in the EMU prior to the Digital Euro Package
    2. 1. 5.2.1. Characteristics of the Digital Euro
    3. 5.3. Data Protection Aspects
  6. 6. Conclusion
2. Zsolt Pfeffer Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introductory Thoughts
  2. 2. Common Characteristics of Legal Regulations
  3. 3. Final, Summarizing Thoughts
1. Krisztina Lukács, Antal Tamás Tóth Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 2. History of the Development of Life Sentence in Hungarian Law
    3. 3. Current Legislation
    4. 4. The Case Law of the ECtHR Regarding Life Imprisonment
    5. 1. 5.1. Decisions of the Constitutional Court on the Constitutionality of the ALI
      2. 5.2. To What Extent Might the Practice of the ECtHR be Relevant in the Proceedings before the Hungarian Constitutional Court?
      3. 5.3. What Possible Violations of the Fundamental Law can the Constitutional Court Examine in the Context of de facto Life Imprisonment?
    6. 6. Conclusions
2. Gergely Gosztony, Daniella Huszár, Gergely Ferenc Lendvai Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 1. 2.1. Rekvényi versus Hungary (1999)
    2. 2.2. Bukta and Others versus Hungary (2007)
    3. 2.3. Vajnai versus Hungary (2008)
    4. 2.4. Fratanoló versus Hungary (2011)
    5. 2.5. Fáber versus Hungary (2012)
    6. 2.6. Karácsony and Others versus Hungary (2016)
    7. 2.7. Szanyi versus Hungary (2016)
    8. 2.8. Baka versus Hungary (2016)
    9. 2.9. Magyar Kétfarkú Kutya Párt (MKKP) versus Hungary (2020)
    10. 2.10. ATV Zrt. versus Hungary (2020)
    11. 2.11. Ikotity and Others versus Hungary (2023)
  3. 1. 3.1. Társaság a Szabadságjogokért versus Hungary (2009)
    2. 3.2. Kenedi versus Hungary (2009)
    3. 3.3. Magyar Helsinki Bizottság versus Hungary (2016)
    4. 3.4. Szurovecz versus Hungary (2019)
  4. 1. 4.1. Karsai versus Hungary (2009)
    2. 4.2. Ungváry and Irodalom Kft. versus Hungary (2013)
    3. 4.3. Uj versus Hungary (2011)
  5. 1. 5.1. Szima versus Hungary (2012)
    2. 5.2. Magyar Tartalomszolgáltatók Egyesülete and Index Zrt. versus Hungary (2016)
    3. 5.3. Magyar Jeti Zrt. versus Hungary (2019)
    4. 5.4. Index Zrt. versus Hungary (2023)
  6. 1. 6.1. Csánics versus Hungary (2009)
    2. 6.2. Tatár and Fáber versus Hungary (2012)
    3. 6.3. Matúz versus Hungary (2014)
    4. 6.4. Kincses versus Hungary (2015)
    5. 6.5. Herbai versus Hungary (2020)
    6. 6.6. Mándli and Others versus Hungary (2020)
  7. 7. Comparison of Cases
  8. 8. Conclusion
3. Gábor Kurunczi Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introductory Thoughts
    2. 1. 2.1. General Aspects and Concepts Related to Age-related Voting Rights
      2. 2.2. Age as a Limit to the General Suffrage in Light of International Law, Hungarian Legislation and Practice
      3. 2.3.1. Questions Surrounding Children’s Original Right to Vote
        2.3.2. Dilemmas Surrounding Original Parental Suffrage
        2.3.3. Problems of derivative parental voting rights
      4. 2.4. Conclusions
    3. 1. 3.1. The Problem of the of Ability of Discernment – the Concept of Disability
      2. 3.2. The Relationship between the Ability of Discernment and the Right to Vote in Light of International Practice
      3. 3.3.1. Hungarian Legislation in Relation to Guardianship Proceedings and the Right to Vote
        3.3.2. The legitimacy and proportionality of Hungarian legislation
        3.3.3. Methodology and Practical Experience of Electoral Restrictions in Guardianship Legal Proceedings in Hungary
      4. 3.4. Conclusions
    4. 4. A Double Standard in ‘Awareness Constraints’? – Conclusions
4. Miklós Király Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. 1.1. The 1955 Hague Convention
      2. 1.2. Rome Convention
      3. 1.3. The 1986 Hague Convention
      4. 1.4. The Rome I Regulation
      5. 1.5. The 1994 Mexico City Convention
      6. 1.6. The 2015 Hague Principles
    2. 1. 2.1. The 1955 Hague Convention
      2. 2.2. The Rome Convention
      3. 2.3. The 1986 Hague Convention
      4. 2.4. Rome I Regulation
      5. 2.5. Mexico City Convention
    3. 3. Conclusions
5. Francesco Seatzu Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 1. 2.1. Human Rights Violations and Abuses in the Kolwezi Mining Region
      2. 2.2. The International Response
      3. 2.3. The International Community’s Justification for the Forced Mass Evictions in the Democratic Republic of Congo
    3. 1. 3.1. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
      2. 3.2. The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
      3. 3.3. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
      4. 3.4. The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights
    4. 4. Domestic Enforceability of International Treaty Duties and Obligations
    5. 5. Rationale Behind International Intervention
    6. 6. Concluding Remarks and Practical Recommendations
6. Ágnes Tahyné Kovács Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction – the Mar Menor Act
  2. 2. The Environmental Crisis Resulting in a New Phenomenon of Environmental Protection
  3. 3. Control Concepts in Environmental Codifications
  4. 4. The Concept of Rights of Nature
  5. 5. What About Europe? “Can Nature Get It Right?”
  6. 1. 6.1. Ecuador: Appearance at Constitutional Level
    2. 6.2. Some Examples of the Declaration of the RoN
    3. 6.3. Local Level Appearance – the Example of the US
    4. 6.4. Uganda
    5. 6.5. Bangladesh
    6. 6.6. India
    7. 6.7. New Zealand
    8. 6.8. Canada
    9. 6.9. Colombia
    10. 6.10. Argentina
    11. 6.12. Pakistan
  7. 7. Summary of International Experience
  8. 8. How Successful are These Lawsuits?
7. Árpád Margittay-Mészáros Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 2. The International Legal Status of the Holy See After the End of the Papal States
  3. 3. The Maintenance of Diplomatic Relations
  4. 4. The International Treaties
  5. 5. The Pope and the Holy See
  6. 6. The Papal Legates
  7. 7. Conclusions
8. Péter Váczi Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction: The Lights in the Light of Good Administration
  2. 2. Methodology: Normative and Functional Method
  3. 3. Results: How to Give Way?
  4. 1. 4.1. The Traffic Lights Theory
    2. 4.2. Redlights: The Importance of Judicial Review
    3. 4.3. Greenlights: The Primacy of Due Process
    4. 4.4. Amber Light: Balancing Between
  5. 5. Conclusions
1. Laura Gyeney Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 2. The Legal Framework and Actual Practice Governing Internal Border Control
    3. 3. Joined Cases Landespolizeidirektion Steiermark
    4. 4. Future Uncertainties and Reform of the Legal Framework
    5. 5. Recent CJEU Ruling on the Reintroduction of Internal Border Controls, from a Public Health Perspective
    6. 6. Conclusions
2. Robert Böttner Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. The Treaty of Lisbon and the Constant Need for Reform
  2. 1. 2.1. Protecting the Union’s Values
    2. 1. 2.2.1. Strengthening the European Parliament in Relation to the Council
      2. 2.2.2. Redesigning the European Commission and Cutting back on the European Council’s (Assumed) Role
      3. 2.2.3. Giving New Powers to the CJEU
    3. 1. 2.3.1. Internal Policies
      2. 2.3.2. External Action
  3. 3. What’s Next? Treaty Amendment and Possible Alternatives
3. Márton Csapodi Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 2. Why Do We Talk About Backlash?
  3. 1. 3.1. From Colloquialism to an Analytical Concept
    2. 3.2. Public Backlash from a Constitutional Law Perspective
    3. 3.3. Backlash as Power-grabbing
    4. 3.4. Defining ‘Backlash Politics’
    5. 3.5. Resistance to International Courts – Backlash or Pushback?
  4. 1. 4.1. Backlash Against International Courts – by Judges?
    2. 4.2. Additions to the Backlash-Pushback Distinction
  5. 5. National Judicial Resistance to the CJEU – Backlash or Something Less Severe?
  6. 1. 1. 6.1.1. The Case of Slovak Pensions – Landtová
      2. 6.1.2. ÚS 5/12 – Holubec
    2. 6.2. Denmark: The Ajos Case
    3. 6.3. Germany: Weiss and PSPP
    4. 1. 6.4.1. The CJEU’s ‘Systemic Doubts’
      2. 6.4.2. TK K 3/21 – The Ever-closer Union Entering a ‘New Phase’
      3. 6.4.3. The Saga Continues: K 8/21
  7. 7. Do Ultra Vires Decisions Qualify as Backlash?
  8. 8. Conclusions
4. Zsolt Halász Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 2. Methodology
    3. 3. Basic Concepts
    4. 4. The Evolution of Crypto Legislation
    5. 1. 5.1 The Fundaments of the Legislation
      2. 5.2 Status of Crypotoassets in the Private Law
      3. 5.3 Form of Legal Transactions
      4. 5.4 Minimum Content of Legal Transactions and Limits on Unilateral Amendments
      5. 5.5 Lending in Crypto Assets
      6. 5.6 Payment Services
      7. 5.7 Investor Protection
      8. 5.8 Obligation to Provide Information
      9. 5.9 Dispute Settlement
    6. 6. Conclusion
5. János Tamás Papp Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 2. Contractual Content Moderation and Fundamental Rights
  3. 3. Algorithmic Transparency and the Opt-Out System
  4. 4. Disinformation and Codes of Conduct
  5. 5. Conclusion
6. András Huszár Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 2. The Origins, Legal Mandate, and Composition of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change
    3. 3. The Work Programmes of the ESABCC
    4. 4. Reports and Other Publications of the ESABCC
    5. 5. Scientific Advice for the Determination of an EU-Wide 2040 Climate Target and a Greenhouse Gas Budget for 2030–2050, as well as its Effect on the EU Commission’s Proposal
    6. 6. Conclusions
7. Bence Udvarhelyi Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introductory remarks
    2. 2. EU Criminal Law after the Treaty of Lisbon
    3. 1. 3.1. Actus Reus Elements of the Criminal Offences
      2. 3.2. Mens Rea Elements of the Criminal Offences
    4. 4. Sanctions to Be Imposed on Natural Persons
    5. 5. Liability of Legal Persons and Sanctions against Them
    6. 6. Rules Affecting Criminal Procedure Law and Judicial Cooperation
    7. 7. Tendencies of the EU Criminal Legislation and Criminal Policy
1. Helga Kovács, András Koltay Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 2. The Judgment
    3. 1. 3.1. Assessment of ‘Necessary Interference’ in the Case Law of the ECtHR
      2. 3.2. Protection of Untrue Statements of Fact
      3. 3.3. Public Visibility and Past Behaviour of the Public Figure Concerned
    4. 1. 4.1. Assessment of the Link to a Case of Public Interest
      2. 4.2. Assessment of Defamatory (Untrue) Facts
      3. 4.3. Assessing the Ethical Responsibilities of the Press
      4. 4.4. Conclusions
1. Endre Orbán Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 2. Timeline
  3. 1. 3.1. Presentation
    2. 3.2. Critical Assessment
  4. 1. 4.1. Presentation
    2. 4.2. Critical Assessment
  5. 5. Final Thoughts
2. Dávid Csoknyai Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Introduction
    2. 2. The Sodexo Case – Facts
    3. 1. 3.1. The BITs
      2. 3.2. International Arbitration and ICSID
    4. 4. Disputes Based on BITs before Arbitral Tribunals
    5. 5. Can the BITs Be Considered to Have Lapsed after EU Accession?
    6. 6. The Relationship between BITs and EU Law Today
    7. 7. Infringement Proceedings Concerning the Reform of the Hungarian Cafeteria System
    8. 8. Achmea – a Turning Point in the Debate on BITs?
    9. 9. The Sodexo Case
    10. 10. The Termination Treaty: the End of Intra-EU BITs?
    11. 11. Changes in the Hungarian Legal Environment
    12. 12. The Issue of Enforceability
    13. 13. Constitutional Complaint by Sodexo
    14. 14. Closing Words
3. Lóránt Csink, László Trócsányi Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. 1. Christian Roots of Constitutionalism
    2. 2. Is Religion a Public or Private Issue in Constitutional Cultures?
    3. 3. The EU’s Relationship with Christianity
    4. 4. ‘Buffer zone’: Free Speech versus Respect for Religious Communities
    5. 1. 5.1.1. Is the Criticism Objective?
        5.1.2. Is the Criticism Personal?
        5.1.3. Who Is the Target Audience of the Expression?
        5.1.4. Is the Speech Part of a Public Debate?
      2. 5.2. The Inner Side of Blasphemy: the Believers’ Dignity
    6. 1. 6.1. The Adoration of the Shepherds Case
      2. 6.2. Demonstration against the Polish Abortion Regulation
      3. 6.3. The Daily Drawing Case
    7. 7. To Conclude
4. Vanda Vadász Download chapter (PDF)
  1. 1. Introduction
  2. 2. The EU Accession of Hungary and the Ensuing Changes in the National Legal System
  3. 3. The Role of EU Law in Conflict of laws
  4. 1. 4.1. General Institutions
    2. 4.2. Specific Part
    3. 4.3 Gaps in EU Conflict-of-law Rules
  5. 5. Conclusions
1. Balázs Tárnok Download chapter (PDF)
  1. Report on the ‘25 years of protecting languages – The past and the future of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages’ International Conference Organized by Pázmány Péter Catholic Unive...
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