ZIB Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen

For much of German politics and political science, the Russian attack on Ukraine on February 24, 2022, came as an unexpected shock. At the same time, the war seemed to confirm core realist messages, such as Russia's stated goal of using force to...

Russia's war of aggression on Ukraine also signifies, as Chancellor Olaf Scholz announced, a 'turning point' in German foreign policy. This article explores the question of whether the shock of the Russian war of aggression has led to a profound...

Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine provides an opportunity for a critical reassessment of the civilian power research paradigm. Specifically, the article lists three points of criticism that are relevant for understanding German foreign policy...

This article offers a new theoretical approach to intelligence studies. Based on the intellectual history of the reason of state, I argue that exceptional national and transnational activities of the intelligence services are enabled by the inner...

The Holy See continuously expanded its diplomatic network in the transformations of international relations since the end of the 19th century. The increase was synchronous with the growth of sovereign states in the process of decolonization....