Funktionswandel des Warnstreiks und Folgen für das Ultima-Ratio-Prinzip

The warning strike is a means of industrial action. As a work stoppage during negotiations, it differs from a genuine strike in that it is not preceded by a final breakdown in negotiations or a ballot. Collective bargaining practice shows that warning strikes have increased in intensity and have often replaced genuine strikes. In areas of critical infrastructure, this raises the question of the protection of uninvolved third parties.