The role of online platforms in shaping tourism and labour dynamics in northern Albania

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Bibliographische Infos

Cover der Ausgabe: SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe Jahrgang 28 (2025), Heft 2
Open Access Vollzugriff

SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe

Jahrgang 28 (2025), Heft 2

Autor:innen:
Verlag
Nomos, Baden-Baden
Copyrightjahr
2026
ISSN-Online
2942-3384
ISSN-Print
1435-2869

Kapitelinformationen

Open Access Vollzugriff

Jahrgang 28 (2025), Heft 2

The role of online platforms in shaping tourism and labour dynamics in northern Albania

Autor:innen:
ISSN-Print
1435-2869
ISSN-Online
2942-3384
Kapitelvorschau:

Literaturverzeichnis

  1. Adilbish O, D. A. Cerdeiro, R. A. Duval, G. H. Hong, L. Mazzone, L. Rotunno, H. H. Toprak and M. Vaziri (2025) Europe’s productivity weakness: firm-level roots and remedies IMF Working Paper No. 2025/040, accessed 23 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  2. https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2025/040/001.2025.issue-040-en.xml?cid=561771-com-dsp-crossref. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  3. Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BHAS) (2024) Gross domestic product and labour indicators Sarajevo: BHAS. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  4. Blanchard, Olivier and Daniel Leigh (2013) ‘Growth forecast errors and fiscal multipliers’ American Economic Review 103(3): 117–120. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  5. Croatian Bureau of Statistics (DZS) (2024) GDP and Employment Statistics Zagreb: CBS. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  6. European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) (2024) ETUC position on EU enlargement and social standards Brussels: ETUC. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  7. Eurofound (2023) Minimum wages, collective bargaining and minimum income protection Dublin: Eurofound. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  8. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) (2024) Transition Report 2024–25 London: EBRD. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  9. European Commission (2024) Enlargement country reports Brussels: European Commission. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  10. European Investment Bank (2023) Regional investment report: western Balkans Luxembourg: EIB. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  11. European Investment Bank (EIB) (2025) Growth and competitiveness in central, eastern and south-eastern Europe: The role of innovation Working Paper 2025/01, accessed 23 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  12. https://www.eib.org/attachments/lucalli/20240356_economics_working_paper_2025_01_en.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  13. Eurostat (2024) Eurostat database accessed 23 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  14. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  15. Eurostat (2025a) ‘Regional economic indicators: GDP per capita and life expectancy’ Luxembourg: European Commission. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  16. Eurostat (2025b) ‘Education and training statistics: tertiary attainment and early school leavers’ Luxembourg: European Commission. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  17. Eurostat (2025c) ‘GDP per capita, consumption per capita and price level indices’ accessed 23 September 2025 at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=GDP_per_capita,_consumption_per_capita_and_price_level_indices Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  18. Institute of Statistics (INSTAT) (2024) GDP and labour force data Tirana: INSTAT. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  19. International Labour Organization (ILO) (2023) World social protection report 2023–25 Geneva: ILO. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  20. International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2024) Republic of Serbia: fourth review under the policy coordination instrument Washington DC: IMF. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  21. International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2025) Albania: Article IV Consultation – press release; staff report Washington DC: IMF. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  22. International Organization for Migration (IOM) (2023) Migration trends in the western Balkans Berlin: IOM. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  23. International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) (2024) Global Rights Index accessed 23 September 2025 at: https://ituc-csi.org/ituc-global-rights-index-2024-en. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  24. Lindert, Peter (2004) Growing public: social spending and economic growth since the eighteenth century Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  25. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (2023) Productivity and jobs in a globalized world Paris: OECD Publishing. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  26. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (2024) Employment outlook Paris: OECD Publishing. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  27. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (2025) Economic convergence scoreboard for the western Balkans 2025: skills cluster Paris: OECD Publishing, accessed 23 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  28. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/economic-convergence-scoreboard-for-the-western-balkans-2025_bc0babf3-en/full-report/skills-cluster_92fcced8.html Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  29. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) 2025 Transforming education in the western Balkans Paris: OECD Publishing. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  30. Paunović, Sanja and Rajko Kosanović (2019) ‘Further milestones in the economic development of south-eastern Europe’ SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe 22(1): 33–52. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  31. Piketty, Thomas (2014) Capital in the twenty-first century Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  32. Reuters (2024) ‘Western Balkan countries to grow 3.7 % collectively in 2025, World Bank says’ 17 October 2024, accessed 23 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  33. https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/western-balkan-countries-grow-37-collectively-2025-world-bank-says-2024-10-17// Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  34. Rodrik, Dani (2011) The globalization paradox: democracy and the future of the world economy New York: W. W. Norton & Company. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  35. Sergi, Bruno S, Enisa Salimović, Sanja Paunović and Rajko Kosanović (2019) ‘Wage developments in south-east Europe and the influence of economic policy’ SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe 22(2): 189–215. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  36. Sergi, Bruno S, Sanja Paunović and Rajko Kosanović (2018) ‘Analysis of the main trends in wages, employment and poverty in south-eastern Europe’ SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe 21(2): 201–218. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  37. State Statistical Office of North Macedonia (SSO) (2024) Economic Accounts and Survey Results Skopje: SSO. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  38. Statistical Office of Montenegro (MONSTAT) (2024) Macro and Labour Statistics Podgorica: MONSTAT. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  39. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (RZS) (2024) National Accounts and Labour Force Data Belgrade: RZS. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  40. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2023) World investment report 2023: investing in sustainable recovery Geneva: UNCTAD. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  41. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) (n.d.) International Migrant Stock 2024, accessed 23 September 2025 at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  42. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (2025) Mixed migration routes – mid-year update 2025 Geneva: UNHCR. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  43. Viebrock, Elke and Jochen Clasen (2009) ‘Flexicurity – a review of the literature’ Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 15(1): 25–43. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  44. World Bank (2024) Human Capital Index 2024: unlocking the power of education Washington DC: World Bank. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  45. World Bank (2025) Adapting for sustainable growth Western Balkans Regular Economic Report, Washington DC: World Bank. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  46. World Bank (n.d.) World development indicators accessed 23 September 2025 at: https://data.worldbank.org. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-149
  47. Alfa Research (2025) ‘Public attitudes towards the introduction of the euro in Bulgaria’, Sofia: Alfa Research, accessed 13 October 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  48. https://alpharesearch.bg/post/1037-obshtestveni-naglasi-za-vuvejdaneto-na-evroto-v-bulgaria.html (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  49. Avramov, Yosif (2025) Bulgaria and the Euro Sofia: Ciela (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  50. Bobeva, Daniela (2022) ‘It’s not about Croatia and Bulgaria: it is about the fundamentals of membership of the euro area’ SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe 24(2): 195–202. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  51. Darvas, Zsolt (2022) ‘Discretion lets Croatia in the euro area in 2023, but leaves Bulgaria out’ SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe 24(2): 183–194. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  52. Diaz del Hoyo, Jean Luis, Ettore Dorrucci, Frigyes Ferdinand Heinz and Sona Muzikarova (2017) ‘Real convergence in the euro area: a long-term perspective’ ECB Occasional Paper Series No. 203, December, Frankfurt: ECB. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  53. Dombrovskis, Valdis (2025) ‘The euro does not wipe out the obligation for fiscal discipline’ economic.bg, 8 July, accessed 13 October 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  54. https://www.economic.bg/bg/a/view/dombrovskis-evroto-ne-otmenja-zadyljenieto-za-fiskalna-disciplina (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  55. Economic and Social Council (ISS) (2022a) ‘Opinion on the “National Plan for the Introduction of the Euro”’, May, accessed 13 October 2025 at: https://esc.bg/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/esc_4_016_2022-opinion-on-introduction-of-the-euro-1.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  56. Economic and Social Council (ISS) (2022b) ‘Impact of Bulgaria's accession to the eurozone on economic development, inflation and income in the country’ 22 June, accessed 13 October 2025 at: https://esc.bg/document/vazdejstvie-na-prisaediniavaneto-na-balgariia-kam-evrozonata-varhu-ikonomicheskoto-razvitie-inflatsiiata-i-dohodite-v-stranata/ (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  57. Economic and Social Council (ISS) (2023) ‘Resolution of the Economic and Social Council on Bulgaria’s membership in the eurozone’ 13 October, accessed 13 October 2025 at: https://esc.bg/document/rezolyutsiia-na-iss-otnosno-chlenstvoto-na-balgariia-v-evrozonata/ (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  58. Economic and Social Council (ISS) (2025) ‘Resolution of the Economic and Social Council on the need to accelerate the process of Bulgaria’s accession to the eurozone’, 24 February, accessed 13 October 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  59. https://esc.bg/en/document/resolution-of-the-economic-and-social-council-on-the-need-to-accelerate-the-process-of-bulgarias-accession-to-the-eurozone/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  60. European Central Bank (2015) ‘Real convergence in the euro area: evidence, theory and policy implications’ ECB Economic Bulletin 5: 30–45. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  61. Eurostat (2025) ‘GDP per capita, consumption per capita and price level indices’ Statistics Explained, 2 September, accessed 13 October 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  62. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/SEPDF/cache/1809.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  63. Franks, Jeffrey and Hanni Schölermann (2017) ‘Drifting apart: income convergence in the euro area’ IMF blog 13 September, accessed 13 October 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  64. https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2017/09/13/drifting-apart-income-convergence-in-the-euro-area. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  65. Ganev, Georgi (2025a) ‘The benefits of the euro for people and businesses’ actualno.com 17 June, accessed 13 October 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  66. https://www.actualno.com/interview/polzite-ot-evroto-za-horata-i-za-biznesa-ikonomistyt-georgi-ganev-objasni-video-news_2460265.html (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  67. Ganev, Georgi (2025b) ‘Expectations and prices’, Forbes Newsletter August 14, accessed 13 October 2025 at: https://forbesbulgaria.com/2025/08/14/ochakvaniya-i-tseni/ (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  68. Vujčić, Boris (2024) ‘Boris Vujčić: One year with the euro’ speech given to the Bank for International Settlements in Zagreb, 30 January, accessed 13 October 2025 at: https://www.bis.org/review/r240131a.htm. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-175
  69. Becker, Gary (1993) Human capital: a theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  70. Blundell, Richard, Lorraine Dearden, Costas Meghir and Barbara Sianesi (1999) ‘Human capital investment: the returns from education and training to the individual, the firm and the economy’ Fiscal Studies 20(1): 1–23. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  71. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (n.d.) The clock shifts, accessed 8 September 2025 at: https://thebulletin.org/doomsday-clock/timeline/ Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  72. Cavalieri, Duccio (1992) ‘Alfred Marshall on the theory of capital’ Quaderni di storia dell’economia politica 10(1): 601–626. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  73. Dulevski, Lalko (2009) ‘Methodological challenges human capital faces and the return on investment put into it’ Nauchni trudove (Scientific papers) 2: 171–208. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  74. Dulevski, Lalko, Lyubomir Stefanov, Margarita Atanasova, Maria Paunov, Neno Pavlov and Hristo Maleshkov (2016). Labour economics (in Bulgarian), Sofia: University of National and World Economy. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  75. Galor, Oded and David Weil (2000) ‘Population, technology, and growth: from the Malthusian stagnation to the demographic transition and beyond’ American Economic Review 90(4): 806–828. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  76. Goldin, Claudia and Lawrence F. Katz (2008) The Race between Education and Technology Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  77. Huseinov, Baki (2017) ‘Human capital development – economic effects and market aspects’ Economic Archive 1/2017: 38–56. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  78. Kazakov, Atanas (2001) Human capital (in Bulgarian), Sofia: University of National and World Economy. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  79. Malthus, Thomas (1798) An Essay on the Principle of Population London: J. Johnson. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  80. Mayo, Andrew (2012) Human resources or human capital? Managing people as assets London: Routledge. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  81. Pogatsnik, Monika (2021) ‘Dual education: connecting education and the labor market’ Opus et Educatio 8(3): 304:313. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  82. Population Reference Bureau (n.d.) ‘How may people have ever lived on Earth?’ accessed 8 September 2025 at: https://www.prb.org/articles/how-many-people-have-ever-lived-on-earth/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  83. Shishmanova, Penka (2008) Economic aspects of human capital in Bulgaria (in Bulgarian) Veliko Tarnovo: Abagar. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  84. Smith, Adam [1776] (2006) The Wealth of Nations Sofia: Rata Publishing House. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  85. United Nations (n.d.) Global issues: population, accessed 8 September 2025 at: https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-189
  86. BNR (2024) ‘The so-called “counting” of the trade unions has began’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: https://bnr.bg/post/102024782/zapochna-t-nar-prebroavane-na-sindikatite (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  87. Doucouliagos, Hristos, Richard Freeman and Patrice Laroche (2017) The economics of trade unions: a study of a research field and its findings London: Routledge. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  88. FNSDUO (2017) ‘Collective bargaining in the state administration’, accessed 15 November 2024 at: https://fnsduo.com/index.php/резолюции/57-резолюция-№-6-колективно-трудово-договаряне-в-държавната-администрация (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  89. FNSZ (2018) ‘Undeclared labour in agriculture. Problems, challenges, fixing approaches’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: https://www.fnsz.org/pdf/2019/Analiz-Nedeklariran-trud-fin.pdf (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  90. FNSZ (2020) ‘Agriculture sector. Social partnership and collective bargaining, history and opportunities’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  91. https://www.fnsz.org/pdf/2020/Analiz-FNSZ-Social-Dialog-Fin.pdf (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  92. FNSZ (2022) ‘Accounting report on the activity of FNSZ for the period 2017–2021’, accessed 15 November 2024 at: https://fnsz.org/pdf/2022/kongres/otcheten-doklad-20kongres.pdf (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  93. FNSZ (2023) ‘Good practices in social dialogue, collective bargaining and social policy in the agriculture sector and its service units’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  94. https://www.fnsz.org/pdf/2023/Narachnik_KTD_2023_%D0%904.pdf (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  95. Heyden, Mariano, Sebastian Fourné, Bastiaan Koene, Renate Werkman and Shazad (Shaz) Ansari (2017) ‘Rethinking “top-down” and “bottom-up” roles of top and middle managers in organizational change: implications for employee support’ Journal of Management Studies 54(7): 961–985. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  96. Hristov, Chavdar (2016) ‘The latest changes in the Labour Code regarding the criteria for representativeness of workers’ and employers’ organizations’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: https://trudipravo.bg/izbrani-statii/poslednite-promeni-v-kt-otnosno-kriteriite-za-predstavitelnost-na-organizatziite-na-rabotnitzite-i-sluzhitelite-i-na-rabotodatelite/ (in Bulgarian) Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  97. ImproCollBar Project (2023) ‘Desk research Bulgaria’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: https://improcollbar.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/desk-research_bulgaria.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  98. KNSB (2021) ‘The government recognised KNSB as a nationally representative organisation of workers and employees’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  99. https://knsb-bg.org/index.php/2021/01/13/pravitelstvoto-prizna-knsb-za-naczionalno-predstavitelna-organizacziya-na-rabotniczite-i-sluzhitelite/ (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  100. KNSB (2022) ‘KNSB Programme 2022–2027’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  101. https://www.9.knsb-bg.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/programa-knsb_print.pdf (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  102. KNSB (2024a) ‘KNSB launched a project to map the skills of employees at the Contour Global – Maritsa East 3 thermal power plant’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: https://knsb-bg.org/index.php/2024/03/29/knsb-zapochna-proekt-za-kartografirane-na-umeniyata-na-zaetite-v-tecz-kontur-global-maricza-iztok-3/ (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  103. KNSB (2024b) ‘Sectoral analysis of the agriculture sector in Bulgaria’, CITUB paper for project Sustainable development through social partnership. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  104. KT ‘Podkrepa’ (2024) ‘KT Podkrepa strongly opposes the proposed changes to the criteria for representativeness of workers and employers’, accessed 28 August 2024 at: https://podkrepa.org/кт-подкрепа-застава-твърдо-против-на/ (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  105. Lex.bg (2024) ‘Labour Code’, accessed 15 November 2024 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  106. https://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/1594373121 (in Bulgarian). Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  107. Tali, Mohmad, Numan Wani and Afifa Ibrahim (2021) ‘The power of branding influencing consumer purchase decision: a comprehensive literature review’ Elementary Education Online 20(6): 5362–5387. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-203
  108. Annink, A, L. den Dulk and J. Amorós (2016) ‘Different strokes for different folks? The impact of heterogeneity in work characteristics and country contexts on work-life balance among the self-employed’ International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research 22(6): 880–902. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  109. Armstrong, M and D. Brown (2019) Armstrong’s handbook of reward management Practice Kogan Page. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  110. Bakker, B and E. Demerouti (2017) ‘Job demands-resources theory: taking stock and looking forward Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 22(3): 273–285. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  111. Carnegie, A (2023) ‘Why Gen Z are so motivated by pay’ BBC Worklife 31 May, accessed 11 November 2025 at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/worklife/article/20230530-why-gen-z-are-so-motivated-by-pay. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  112. Chambel, M. J, V. S. Carvalho, F. Cesário and S. Lopes (2017) ‘The work-to-life conflict mediation between job characteristics and well-being at work: part-time vs full-time employees’ The Career Development International 22(2): 142–164. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  113. Corley, G and A. Gioia (2011) ‘Building theory about theory building: what constitutes a theoretical contribution?’ The Academy of Management Review 36(1): 12–32. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  114. Demerouti, E, A. Bakker, F. Nachreiner and W. Schaufeli (2001) ‘The job demands-resources model of burnout’ Journal of Applied Psychology 86(3): 499–512. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  115. Egri, P and A. Ralston (2004) ‘Generation cohorts and personal values: a comparison of China and the United States’ Organization Science 15(2): 210–220. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  116. Fraccaroli, F, S. Zaniboni and D. Truxillo (2017) ‘Job design and older workers’ in S. Profili, A. Sammarra and L. Innocenti (eds) Age diversity in the workplace. An organizational perspective Emerald Publishing, pp. 139–159. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  117. Gillet, N and C. Vandenberghe (2014) ‘Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: the mediating role of job characteristics’ Human Resource Development Quarterly 25(3): 321–347. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  118. Griffeth, R. W, P. W. Hom and S. Gaertner (2000) ‘A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium’ Journal of Management 26(3): 463–488. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  119. Han, H, G. Oh and P. Kang (2020) ‘The link between transformational leadership and work-related performance: moderated-mediating roles of meaningfulness and job characteristics’ Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41(4): 519–533. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  120. Hernaus, T and P. Vokic (2014) ‘Work design for different generational cohorts: determining common and idiosyncratic job characteristics’ Journal of Organizational Change Management 27(4): 615–641. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  121. Hill, C, K. Mostert and P. De Bruin (2012) ‘Job characteristics and work-home interaction: does race moderate the relationship for South African police members?’ Policing: An International Journal 35(3): 566–592. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  122. Hossam, A (2009) ‘Job characteristics, work attitudes and behaviors in a non-western context’ Journal of Management Development 28(5): 457–477. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  123. Humphrey, S, J. Nahrgang and F. Morgeson (2007) ‘Integrating motivational, social, and contextual work design features: a meta-analytic summary and theoretical extension of the work design literature’ Journal of Applied Psychology 92(5): 1332–1356. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  124. Kain, J and S. Jex (2010) ‘Karasek’s (1979) job demands-control model: a summary of current issues and recommendations for future research’ in P. Perrewe and D. Ganster (eds) New developments in theoretical and conceptual approaches to job stress Emerald Publishing, pp. 237–268. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  125. Kanfer, R and L. Ackerman (2004) ‘Aging, adult development, and work motivation’ The Academy of Management Review 29(3): 440–458. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  126. Karasek, R. A. (1979) ‘Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: implications for job redesign’ Administrative Science Quarterly 24(2): 285–308. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  127. Karasek, R. A. and T. Theorell (1990) Healthy work. Stress, productivity, and the reconstruction of working life Basic Books. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  128. Kundu, S, R. Phogat, S. Datta, and N. Gahlawat (2016) ‘Impact of workplace characteristics on work-family conflict of dual-career couples’ International Journal of Organizational Analysis 24(5): 883–907. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  129. Michael, S, D. Bryan and D. Ryan (2012) ‘Measuring meaningful work: the work and meaning inventory (WAMI) Journal of Career Assessment 20(3): 322–337. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  130. Michel, J. S, L. M. Kotrba, J. K. Mitchelson, M. A. Clark and B. B. Baltes (2011) ‘Antecedents of work-family conflict: a meta‐analytic review’ Journal of Organizational Behavior 32(5): 689–725. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  131. Perry, J, G. Chandler and G. Markova (2012) ‘Entrepreneurial effectuation: a review and suggestions for future research’ Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 36(4): 837–861. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  132. Rodríguez, I, M. J. Bravo, J. M. Peiró and W. Schaufeli (2001) ‘The demands-control-support model, locus of control and job dissatisfaction: a longitudinal study’ Work & Stress 15(2): 97–114. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  133. Rosch, D. M and J. D. Collins (2020) ‘Validating the ready, willing, and able leader scale of student leadership capacity’ Journal of Leadership Education 19(1): 84–98. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  134. Schaufeli, W. B and T. W. Taris (2014) ‘A critical review of the job demands-resources model: implications for improving work and health’ in G. Bauer and O. Hämmig (eds) Bridging occupational, organizational and public health: a transdisciplinary approach Springer, pp. 43–68. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  135. Truxillo, D, J. Rineer, D. Cadiz and S. Zaniboni (2012) ‘A lifespan perspective on job design: fitting the job and the worker to promote job satisfaction, engagement, and performance’ Organizational Psychology Review 2(4): 340–360. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  136. Volk, H and M. Hadler (2018) ‘Work orientations and perceived working conditions across countries: results from the 2015 ISSP Survey’ International Journal of Sociology 48(2): 103–123. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  137. Zaniboni, S, D. Truxillo, T. Bodner and J. Rineer (2013) ‘Relating age, decision authority, job satisfaction, and mental health: a study of construction workers’ Work Aging and Retirement 2(4): 428–435. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-215
  138. Aboulezz, Omar (2021) How Zoom won the pandemic, HBS Digital Initiative, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://d3.harvard.edu/platform-digit/submission/how-zoom-won-the-pandemic/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  139. Akbaraly, Moïse (2024) ‘The impact of AI on employment for people with disabilities’, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.docaxess.com/en/blog/the-impact-of-ai-on-employment-for-people-with-disabilities/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  140. Chavkoska, B (2023) ‘Work from home – challenges in the period of global pandemic’ Journal of Law and Politics 4(1): 13–19. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  141. Costa Rui, Zhaolu Liu, Christopher Pissarides and Bertha Rohenkohl (2024) ‘Old skills, new skills: what is changing in the UK labour market?’ Institute for the Future of Work, accessed 3 September 2025 at: https://www.ifow.org/publications/old-skills-new-skills---what-is-changing-in-the-uk-labour-market. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  142. Council of Europe (2019) ‘Declaration by the Committee of Ministers on the manipulative capabilities of algorithmic processes’ accessed 30 September 2025 via: https://www.coe.int/en/web/data-protection/-/declaration-by-the-committee-of-ministers-on-the-manipulative-capabilities-of-algorithmic-processes Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  143. Council of Europe (2020a) Recommendation CM/Rec(2020)1 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the human rights impacts of algorithmic systems, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://rm.coe.int/09000016809e1154. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  144. Council of Europe (2020b) Ad Hoc Committee on artificial Intelligence (CAHAI) Feasibility Study Council of Europe, 17 December, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://rm.coe.int/cahai-2020-23-final-eng-feasibility-study-/1680a0c6da Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  145. Council of Europe (2024) Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law. Explanatory Report CM(2024)52-final, accessed 30 September 2025 via: https://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/-/council-of-europe-adopts-first-international-treaty-on-artificial-intelligence Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  146. De Freitas, Julian (2025) ‘How to increase AI adoption in the workforce’ webinar summary, Harvard Business Review, 28 May, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://hbr.org/webinar/2025/06/how-to-increase-ai-adoption-in-the-workplace. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  147. European Commission (2019) ‘EU countries commit to boost participation of women in digital’, Shaping Europe’s digital future news release, 9 April, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/eu-countries-commit-boost-participation-women-digital. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  148. European Commission (2020) ‘A Union of Equality: Gender Equality Strategy 2020–2025’ accessed 30 September 2025 via: ‘Gender equality strategy’ (webpage) at: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/gender-equality/gender-equality-strategy_en. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  149. European Commission (2024) ‘Lagging digital literacy among 14-year-olds across the EU, study finds’, European Education Area news release, 13 November, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://education.ec.europa.eu/eu/news/lagging-digital-literacy-among-14-year-olds-across-the-eu-study-finds. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  150. European Commission (2025) AI Act (webpage), accessed 30 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  151. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  152. European Parliament (2021) ‘Tackling the under-representation of women in science and engineering’, Briefing 3 June 2021, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/agenda/briefing/2021-06-07/20/tackling-the-under-representation-of-women-in-science-and-engineering. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  153. Eurostat (2020) ‘Girls and women among ICT students: what do we know?’ accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/EDN-20200423-1. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  154. Future of Life Institute (2025) EU Artificial Intelligence Act ‘High level summary’ (webpage), accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/high-level-summary/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  155. Generation (2024) ‘Age-proofing AI: enabling an intergenerational workforce to benefit from AI’, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.generation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AgeProofingAI_Generation_FINAL.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  156. Henneborn, Laurie (2023) ‘Designing generative AI to work for people with disabilities’ Harvard Business Review, 18 August, accessed 30 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  157. https://hbr.org/2023/08/designing-generative-ai-to-work-for-people-with-disabilities. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  158. Hickman, Tim, Sylvia Lorenz, Constantin Teetzmann and Aishwarya Jha (2024) ‘Long awaited EU AI Act becomes law after publication in the EU’s Official Journal’, White & Case (webpage), accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/long-awaited-eu-ai-act-becomes-law-after-publication-eus-official-journal. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  159. Kambovski, Igor and Elena Stojanova (2024) ‘Research of the effect of new technologies, with special reference on artificial intelligence and human rights and developing ethical standards for the protection of human rights to the Internet in automatic decision-making’ Fondacija za internet i opstestvo Metamorphosis: Skopje (in Macedonian) accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/34289/1/finalno_istrazuvanje-za-efektot-na-veshtachkata-inteligencija-vrz-chovekovite-prava.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  160. McKinsey & Co (2023a) ‘Women in tech: the best bet to solve Europe’s talent shortage’ accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/technology-media-and-telecommunications/our-insights/women-in-tech-the-best-bet-to-solve-europes-talent-shortage. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  161. McKinsey & Co (2023b) ‘The economic potential of generative AI: the next productivity frontier’ accessed 30 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  162. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-economic-potential-of-generative-ai-the-next-productivity-frontier. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  163. McKinsey & Co (2023c) ‘Generative AI and the future of work in America’ accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/our-research/generative-ai-and-the-future-of-work-in-america#/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  164. McKinsey & Co (2024) ‘Jobs lost, jobs gained: what the future of work will mean for jobs, skills, and wages’, accessed 30 September 2024 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  165. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/jobs-lost-jobs-gained-what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  166. Mrdović, Petar (2023) ‘The role of digitalisation in transforming Western Balkan societies’, WB2EU policy brief 6 July, accessed 30 September 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  167. https://www.oegfe.at/policy-briefs/the-role-of-digitalisation-in-transforming-western-balkan-societies/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  168. OECD (2023) ‘Using AI to support people with disability in the labour market. Opportunities and challenges’, OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/using-ai-to-support-people-with-disability-in-the-labour-market_008b32b7-en.html. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  169. Perron, Rebecca (2025) ‘How AI is impacting the future of work among adults age 50-plus’, article updated 25 May 2025, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/work-finances-retirement/employers-workforce/workforce-trends-older-adults-artificial-intelligence/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  170. Smith, Genevieve and Ishita Rustag (2020) ‘Mitigating bias in artificial intelligence: an equity fluent leadership playbook’, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://haas.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/UCB_Playbook_R10_V2_spreads2.pdf. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  171. UN Regional Centre for Western Europe (UNRIC) (2024) ‘Building an accessible future for all: AI and the inclusion of persons with disabilities’, 2 December, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://unric.org/en/building-an-accessible-future-for-all-ai-and-the-inclusion-of-persons-with-disabilities/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  172. US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (2023) ‘iTutorGroup to pay $365,000 to settle EEOC discriminatory hiring suit’, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.eeoc.gov/newsroom/itutorgroup-pay-365000-settle-eeoc-discriminatory-hiring-suit. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  173. Vinuesa, R, H. Azizpour, I. Leite, M. Balaam, V. Dignum, S. Domisch, A. Falländer, S. D. Langhans, M. Tegmark and F. F. Nerini (2020) ‘The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals’ Nature Communications 11, 233, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-14108-y. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  174. World Economic Forum (2023) ‘The future of jobs report 2023’ Geneva: World Economic Forum, accessed 30 September 2025 at: https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2023/. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-227
  175. Brunnerová, S, D. Ceccon, B. Holubová, M. Kahancová, K. Lukáčová and G. Medas (2024) Collective bargaining practices on AI and algorithmic management in European services sectors Brussels: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-239
  176. European Commission (2020) ‘Shaping Europe’s digital future: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions’ (COM(2020) 67 final), Bussels: European Commission. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-239
  177. European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) (2025) Pro-worker AI: levers for harnessing the potential and mitigating the risks of AI in connection with employment and labour market policies Own-initiative Opinion, adopted on 22 January 2025, accessed 11 November 2025 at: Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-239
  178. https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/our-work/opinions-information-reports/opinions/pro-worker-ai-levers-harnessing-potential-and-mitigating-risks-ai-connection-employment-and-labour-market-policies. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-239
  179. Eurofound (2023) Ethical digitalisation at work: from theory to practice Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-239
  180. Braimllari, A (2017) ‘Online ratings of hotels in Tirana and Durrës, Albania: an econometric analysis’ Universal Journal of Computational Mathematics 5(4): 93–100. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  181. Buhalis, D and R. Law (2008) ‘Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the internet – the state of etourism research’ Tourism Management 29(4): 609–623. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  182. Dionizi, B and D. Kercini (2025) ‘Sustainable business models in agritourism: an opportunity for achieving SDGs and circular economy’ Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review 5(1): e03957. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  183. Filipiak, B. Z, M. Dylewski and M. Kalinowski (2023) ‘Economic development trends in the EU tourism industry. Towards the digitalization process and sustainability’ Quality & Quantity 57(Suppl 3): 321–346. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  184. Gjika, I and N. Pano (2020) ‘Effects of ICT in Albanian tourism business’ Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9(6): 252–258. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  185. Gretzel, U, M. Sigala, Z. Xiang, Z and C. Koo (2015) ‘Smart tourism: foundations and developments’ Electronic Markets 25(3): 179–188. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  186. Instituti i Statistikave (INSTAT) (2024) TIK – Përdorimi i teknologjisë së informacionit dhe komunikimit në ndërmarrje, 2024 Tiranë. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  187. Kalaj, Ermira and Flora Merko (2021) ‘How digital are Albanian enterprises: a microeconomic analyses’ Proceedings of the 62nd International Scientific Conference on Economics and Entrepreneurship (SCEE 2021), 4–11. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  188. Karafili, Elona (2021) Cluster dynamics in transition economies: the case of Albania Springer: Cham. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  189. Kordha, E, K. Gorica and K. Sevrani (2019) ‘The importance of digitalization for sustainable cultural heritage sites in Albania’ in: U. Stankov, S. N. Boemi, S. Attia, S. Kostopoulou and N. Mohareb (eds) Cultural sustainable tourism. Advances in science, technology & innovation Springer: Cham. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  190. Kortoci, Y (2017) ‘The assessment of the rural tourism development in the Valbona Valley National Park’ Tourism Economics 23(8): 1662–1672. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  191. Ministria e Turizmit dhe Mjedisit (2023) Buletini i Sstatistikave të turizmit – Prill 2023 Tiranë. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  192. Mkiyes, H (2023) ‘Catalysing economic growth in Balkan countries’ Pressburg Economic Review 3(1): 1–32. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  193. Muça, E, I. Boboli, I. Kapaj and A. Kapaj Mane (2022) ‘The impact of smart technology on tourism development in Albania’ Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 13(8): 2113–2121. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  194. Nikopoulou, M, P. Kourouthanassis, G. Chasapi, A. Pateli and N. Mylonas (2023) ‘Determinants of digital transformation in the hospitality industry: technological, organizational and environmental drivers’ Sustainability 15(3): 2736. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  195. Noti, E and B. Trebicka (2016) ‘Innovations and online marketing services trends in the Albanian tourism sector’ European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1(1): 22–26. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  196. Pazari, F, B. Avdia and E. Mamoci (2025) ‘Cultural heritage and experiential tourism: opportunities and challenges in Greece-Albania cross-border area (Berat, Gjirokastra and Ioannina)’ Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites 61(3): 1656–1667. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  197. Satka, E, F. Zendeli and E. Kosta (2023) ‘Digital services in Albania’ European Journal of Development Studies 3(4), 6–14. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  198. Veseli-Kurtishi, T and E. Ruci (2023) ‘The impact of digital marketing on the development of tourism in the Republic of Albania’ Eurasian Journal of Social Sciences 11(1): 1–11. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249
  199. Watkins, M, S. Ziyadin, A. Imatayeva, A. Kurmangalieva and A. Blembayeva (2018) ‘Digital tourism is a crucial factor in driving economic development’ Economic Annals-XXI 169(1–2): 40–45. Google Scholar öffnen doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2025-2-249

Zitation

Download RIS Download BibTex

Downloads

Download Kapitel (PDF) Download kompl. Werk (PDF)

Hinweis

Dieses Werk ist urheberrechtlich geschützt und darf nur nach den Vorgaben der Nutzungs- und Lizenzvereinbarung genutzt werden. Jede darüber hinaus gehende Nutzung des Werkes ist ausdrücklich untersagt und wird verfolgt.

Per E-Mail teilen

Medien