Free speech on campus? The impact of political congruence and fear of sanctions on perceptions of freedom of speech and willingness to speak out among German university students

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Bibliographische Infos


Cover der Ausgabe: SCM Studies in Communication and Media Jahrgang 15 (2026), Heft 3
Open Access Vollzugriff

SCM Studies in Communication and Media

Jahrgang 15 (2026), Heft 3


Autor:innen:
Verlag
Nomos, Baden-Baden
Copyrightjahr
2026
ISSN-Online
2192-4007
ISSN-Print
2192-4007

Kapitelinformationen


Open Access Vollzugriff

Jahrgang 15 (2026), Heft 3

Free speech on campus? The impact of political congruence and fear of sanctions on perceptions of freedom of speech and willingness to speak out among German university students


Autor:innen:
ISSN-Print
2192-4007
ISSN-Online
2192-4007


Kapitelvorschau:

Literaturverzeichnis


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  2. Garton Ash, T. (2016). Free speech: Ten principles for a connected world. Yale University Press. Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  3. Menzner, J., & Traunmüller, R. (2023). Subjective freedom of speech: Why do citizens think they cannot speak freely? Politische Vierteljahresschrift, 64, 155–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-022-00414-6 Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  4. Neubaum, G., & Krämer, N. C. (2018). What do we fear? Expected sanctions for expressing minority opinions in offline and online communication. Communication Research, 45(2), 139–164. Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  5. Noelle-Neumann, E. (1974). The spiral of silence. A theory of public opinion. Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  6. Norris, P. (2023). Cancel culture: Myth or reality? Political Studies, 71(1), 145–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/00323217211037023 Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  7. Petersen, T. (2020). Forschungsfreiheit an deutschen Universitäten: Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter Hochschullehrern. Kurzpräsentation [Research freedom at German universities: Results of a survey among university lecturers]. Akademie der Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  8. Petersen, T. (2021). Das geistige Klima an Universitäten. Ergebnisse einer Online-Befragung von Hochschullehrern [The intellectual climate at universities. Results of an online survey among university lecturers]. Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach. Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  9. Revers, M., & Traunmüller, R. (2020). Is free speech in danger on university campus? Some preliminary evidence from a most likely case. KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 72, 471–497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-020-00713-z Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  10. Rothut, S., Sacher, A.-L., Strohmeier, R., & Reinemann, C. (2023). Meinungsfreiheit in Gefahr? Wie politische Einstellungen und individuelle Erfahrungen die Wahrnehmung der Meinungsfreiheit in Deutschland prägen [Freedom of speech under threat? How political attitudes and individual experiences shape perceptions of freedom of speech in Germany]. Studies in Communication and Media, 12(1), 48–86. https://doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2023-1-48 Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  11. Sacher, A., & Reinemann, C. (2025). What is freedom of speech? The International Journal of Press/Politics. https://doi.org/10.1177/19401612251388182 Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  12. Scott-Baumann, A., & Perfect, S. (2021). Freedom of speech in universities: Islam, Charities and Counter-terrorism. Routledge. Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  13. Wintterlin, F., Frischlich, L., Boberg, S., Schatto-Eckrodt, T., Reer, F., & Quandt, T. (2021). Corrective actions in the information disorder. Political Communication, 38(6), 773–791. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2021.18 88829 Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  14. ZEIT-Stiftung (2024). Akademische Redefreiheit. Kurzbericht zu einer empirischen Studie an deutschen Hochschulen [Academic freedom of expression. Brief report on an empirical study at German universities]. https://read.zeit-stiftung.com/report_akademischeredefreiheit/ Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  15. Zhou, S., & Barbaro, N. (2023). Understanding campus expression across higher ed. Heterodox Academy. Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014
  16.   Google Scholar öffnen DOI: 10.5771/2192-4007-2026-3-014

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