@article{2025:mauki:the_rise_o,
title = {THE RISE OF ARMED GROUPS IN DRC; ANALYSIS OF THE EMERGENCE AND PERSISTENCE OF ARMED GROUPS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE RECURRING CONFLICT IN THE TERRITORY.},
year = {2025},
note = {Since 1998 to the present time, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
(DRC) has faced ongoing instability due to the persistent activities
of numerous armed groups in the territory, making it one of Africa's
most enduring humanitarian crisis zones. These militia groups are
comprised of local and foreign armed groups, and they are located in
the eastern part of the DRC. These armed groups are driven by complex
motives, which are political ambitions, ethnic tensions, and economic
interests. Their growth and persistence have been shaped by factors
such as the aftermath of regional wars, the government's limited
control, competition over valuable resources, and unresolved local
disputes. The groups are known as the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF),
March 23 Movement popularly known as (M23), Democratic Forces for the
Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), and other various groups such as Amka
jeshi, and Chini ya Tuna. These groups are frequently involved in
severe human rights violations, sexual violence, mass killings, child
soldier recruitment, and forced displacement of civilians. Although
disarmament initiatives, military campaigns, and peacekeeping missions
have been deployed, they have had limited effectiveness due to the
complex nature of the conflict and the broader geopolitical landscape.
Gaining a clear understanding of the drivers, dynamics, and
consequences of these armed actors and the lasting solution to restore
peace in the territory is crucial to establishing lasting peace and
stability in both the DRC territory and the Great Lakes region.},
journal = {KAS African Law Study Library},
pages = {479--498},
author = {Mauki, Zoe Richard},
volume = {12},
number = {4}
}