@article{2025:frischhut:the_missin,
title = {The Missing Keystone of the ‘European Health Union’. Historic Development, status quo and Ideas de lege ferenda},
year = {2025},
note = {The concept of a ‘European Health Union’ (EHU) is in the
spotlight, but has not been defined so far. It is no International
Organization, as the failed ‘European Health Community’ in the
1950s would have been. The EHU can be seen as an amalgam of already
existing projects (Beating Cancer, etc.) and a reaction to the crisis
of the pandemic. Quite some progress has been  made in strengthening
existing agencies (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
[ECDC], European Medicines Agency [EMA]), creating a new authority
Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority (HERA), updating
cross-border health threats to a European Union (EU) regulation, and
anchoring the ‘One health’-approach (humans, animals, 
environment). However, a step that was announced by von der Leyen is
still missing, an amendment of EU primary law; the keystone so to say.
Another idea de lege ferenda is based on the case-law of the European
Court of Justice (ECJ) on ‘animal welfare’ and suggests to see
human health as an EU value.},
journal = {Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht / Heidelberg Journal of International Law},
pages = {1011--1044},
author = {Frischhut, Markus},
volume = {85},
number = {4}
}